一、准备环境

   1、安装依赖软件包

# yum -y install bison bison-devel gcc gcc-c++ make cmake autoconf automake zlib* libxml* ncurses-devel libtool-ltdl-devel*  openssl openssl-devel libaio libaio-devel

   yum源中的cmake版本号达到mysql的要求了，所以就没有另外安装。


   2、建立mysql用户

# groupadd -r mysql
# useradd -g mysql -r -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql

   这个mysql用户不能登录


二、安装

   1、解压软件

# tar -zxvf mysql-5.6.12.tar.gz -C /tmp


   2、设置编译参数

# cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS:STRING=all \
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DWITH_SSL=system \
-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_USER=mysql


   3、安装

# make && make install


三、配置

   1、为安装目录与数据目录赋予权限

# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/


   2、执行初始化脚本

# /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --user=mysql


   3、第一次启动MySQL

# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
# service mysqld start      //启动mysql服务
# chkconfig --add mysqld    //
# chkconfig mysqld on       //mysql服务每次开机自动启动


   4、配置环境变量

# vim /etc/profile

   在55行export PATH 。。。后插入
   export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin

# source /etc/profile


   5、执行MySQL安全脚本

# mysql_secure_installation

NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MySQL
SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

In order to log into MySQL to secure it, we’ll need the current
password for the root user.  If you’ve just installed MySQL, and
you haven’t set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none):<--如果设置了mysql的root密码，需要在这输入

OK, successfully used password, moving on…

Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MySQL
root user without the proper authorisation.

Set root password? [Y/n] <-- 是否设置root密码
New password: <-- 设置一个用户密码
Re-enter new password: <-- 再输入一次你设置的密码
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
… Success!

By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for
them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] <-- 是否移除匿名用户
… Success!

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from ’localhost’.  This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] <--是否关闭root远程登录
… Success!

By default, MySQL comes with a database named ’test’ that anyone can
access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] <-- 是否删除test数据库
- Dropping test database…
… Success!
- Removing privileges on test database…
… Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] <-- 是否重新载入权限表
… Success!

Cleaning up…

All done!  If you’ve completed all of the above steps, your MySQL
installation should now be secure.

Thanks for using MySQL!

#


如果不执行安全脚本也可以做下面设置

1、为root帐户设置初始密码

# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'

2、删除本机匿名连接的空密码帐号

# mysql -uroot -p
mysql>use mysql; //选择默认数据库mysql
mysql>update user set password='root123' where user = '127.0.0.1';
mysql>delete from user where password="";//不允许root密码为空
mysql>flush privileges;
mysql>quit容许root用户是远程登录

对于root账号，如果考虑安全应该新建其他账号用于远程登录，root账号可以不必开启远程登录。不过对于一般使用，没有太多安全需求，允许root用户远程登录可以方便管理，毕竟使用专用管理软件的图形界面在操作方面要方便的多。

3、设置MySQL远程连接

# /mysql -u root -p //进入数据库
mysql>use mysql
mysql>select user,password,host from user;
mysql>grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by "root123";
mysql>flush privileges;
mysql>exit

给以root@ip登录的远程连接赋予权限，能够连接数据库。远程无法连接的常见问题原因。并把远程登录用户的密码设置为root123。