Oracle VirtualBox 创建的 Centos 6.5 VM 默认硬盘大小是8个G（未手工调整），现使用100%，需要扩容。


[root@kaola ~]# df -h
Filesystem                    Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_kaola-lv_root  6.5G  6.2G   32M 100% /
tmpfs                         939M   76K  939M   1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1                     477M   59M  393M  14% /boot
cm_processes                  939M     0  939M   0% /var/run/cloudera-scm-agent/process


  1. 复制vmdk到vdi

    由于创建VM时选择的磁盘格式是vmdk，先复制磁盘为vdi格式：

    C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox>


    vboxmanage clonehd "kaola.vmdk" "new-kaola.vdi" --format vdi

    修改磁盘为 20G：

    vboxmanage modifyhd "new-kaola.vdi" --resize 20480

    查看磁盘信息：

    [root@kaola ~]# fdisk -l

    Disk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
    255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    Disk identifier: 0x000490ac

       Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/sda1   *           1          64      512000   83  Linux
    Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
    /dev/sda2              64        2611    20458496   8e  Linux LVM


  2. 下载gparted iso文件，引导vm启动后调整sda2分区；

    调整后：

    [root@kaola ~]# fdisk -l

    Disk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
    255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    Disk identifier: 0x000490ac

       Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/sda1   *           1          64      512000   83  Linux
    Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
    /dev/sda2              64        2611    20458496   8e  Linux LVM


  3. 查看PV  VG信息

    [root@kaola mapper]# pvdisplay
      --- Physical volume ---
      PV Name               /dev/sda2
      VG Name               vg_kaola
      PV Size               19.51 GiB / not usable 2.00 MiB
      Allocatable           yes
      PE Size               4.00 MiB
      Total PE              4994
      Free PE               3072
      Allocated PE          1922
      PV UUID               TMCfp1-wTiv-efkN-DfJ4-ZHnO-IGa0-iulNOu
      
    [root@kaola mapper]# vgdisplay
      --- Volume group ---
      VG Name               vg_kaola
      System ID             
      Format                lvm2
      Metadata Areas        1
      Metadata Sequence No  5
      VG Access             read/write
      VG Status             resizable
      MAX LV                0
      Cur LV                2
      Open LV               2
      Max PV                0
      Cur PV                1
      Act PV                1
      VG Size               19.51 GiB
      PE Size               4.00 MiB
      Total PE              4994
      Alloc PE / Size       1922 / 7.51 GiB
      Free  PE / Size       3072 / 12.00 GiB
      VG UUID               JGyRf4-drnG-n5gs-M3No-LCBC-MEHz-OcewI1


  4. 调整LV大小

    Free  PE       3072

    [root@kaola mapper]# lvextend -l +3072 /dev/mapper/vg_kaola-lv_root
      Extending logical volume lv_root to 18.71 GiB
      Logical volume lv_root successfully resized


  5. 调整文件系统大小

    [root@kaola mapper]# resize2fs /dev/mapper/vg_kaola-lv_root
    resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
    Filesystem at /dev/mapper/vg_kaola-lv_root is mounted on /; on-line resizing required
    old desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 2
    Performing an on-line resize of /dev/mapper/vg_kaola-lv_root to 4904960 (4k) blocks.
    The filesystem on /dev/mapper/vg_kaola-lv_root is now 4904960 blocks long.


  6. 调整后，现在已用为36%：

    [root@kaola mapper]# df -h
    Filesystem                    Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
    /dev/mapper/vg_kaola-lv_root   19G  6.2G   12G  36% /
    tmpfs                         939M  224K  939M   1% /dev/shm
    /dev/sda1                     477M   59M  393M  14% /boot
    cm_processes                  939M     0  939M   0% /var/run/cloudera-scm-agent/process