python处理考勤数据txt文件_从原始读取_txt数据写信给结果.txt使用Python处理的文件...

这是一个相当多的代码，但如果你跟踪它直到你了解它的工作原理，你会学到很多东西。在

首先，我们需要取一个类标记并将其转换为点。您可以将其写成13if的级联，但我喜欢数据驱动的方法：import bisect

def grade_points(pct):

grade = [ 0, 50, 53, 57, 60, 63, 67, 70, 73, 77, 80, 85, 90]

points = [0.0, 0.7, 1.0, 1.3, 1.7, 2.0, 2.3, 2.7, 3.0, 3.3, 3.7, 4.0, 4.0]

if 0 <= pct <= 100:

# find the highest grade <= pct

idx = bisect.bisect_right(grade, pct) - 1

# return the corresponding grade-point

return points[idx]

else:

raise ValueError('pct value should be in 0..100, not {}'.format(pct))

下一步，我们需要一个学生类，以便于跟踪每个学生的数据

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所以你可以创建一个学生，然后找到她的GPA，如下所示：sally = Student('ab2773', 'S Atkins', [

('MAT3000', 4, 81.0),

('ENG3010', 4, 85.0)

])

print sally # ' ab2773 S Atkins 3.85'

现在我们需要能够流式传输学生的文件。从OOP的角度来看，这有点痛苦，因为Student对象实际上不需要知道任何关于File对象的信息，反之亦然，更重要的是因为我们希望将您升级到更好的文件格式-学生对象绝对不需要知道多个不兼容的文件类型。在

我通过子类化Student来实现这一点；我编写了Student.__init__方法，这样我就可以来回转换，而不必为子类重写它，所以子类只知道如何将自己转换成你讨厌的文件格式class NastyFileStudent(Student):

@classmethod

def from_strings(cls, strings):

if len(strings) > 3 and len(strings) == 3 + int(strings[2])*3:

codes = strings[3::3]

hours = map(int, strings[4::3])

grades = map(float, strings[5::3])

return Student(strings[0], strings[1], zip(codes, hours, grades))

else:

# not enough data returned - probably end of file

return None

def __str__(self):

data = [self.id, self.name, str(len(self.classes))] + [str(i) for c in self.classes for i in c]

return '\n'.join(data)

文件只知道它有学生的数据，但对内容一无所知class NastyFile(object):

START = 'Start'

END = 'End'

@staticmethod

def _read_until(endfn, seq):

is_end = endfn if callable(endfn) else lambda s: s==endfn

data = []

for s in seq:

if is_end(s):

break

else:

data.append(s)

return data

def __init__(self, name, mode='r'):

self.name = name

self.mode = mode

self._f = open(name, mode)

self.lines = (ln.strip() for ln in self._f)

def __del__(self):

self._f.close()

def __iter__(self):

return self

def next(self):

_ = NastyFile._read_until(NastyFile.START, self.lines)

strings = NastyFile._read_until(NastyFile.END, self.lines)

student = NastyFileStudent.from_strings(strings)

if student is None:

raise StopIteration()

else:

return student

def read(self):

return list(self)

def write(self, s):

if not hasattr(s, '__iter__'):

s = [s]

for student in s:

self._f.write('{}\n{}\n{}\n'.format(NastyFile.START, str(NastyFileStudent(student)), NastyFile.END))

现在我们可以读写学生档案了>>> students = NastyFile('student_records.txt').read()

>>> for s in students:

... print s

eh2727 Josh D 4.0

ah2718 Mary J 4.0

>>> students.append(sally)

>>> students.sort(key=lambda s: s.name.rsplit(None,1)[-1]) # sort by last name

>>> for s in students:

... print s

ab2773 S Atkins 3.85

eh2727 Josh D 4.0

ah2718 Mary J 4.0

>>> newfile = NastyFile('new_records.txt', 'w')

>>> newfile.write(students)

>>> for i,s in enumerate(NastyFile('new_records.txt'), 1):

... print '{:>2}: {}'.format(i, s)

1: ab2773 S Atkins 3.85

2: eh2727 Josh D 4.0

3: ah2718 Mary J 4.0