IOS开发笔记(六)---对iOS多视图开发的初步了解

今天看了一下iOS开发中多个视图的应用.

 

iOS下包含了几种不同种类的视图类型和controller:比如Tab Bar ,Navigation Bar ,Tool Bar等.也可以自定义自己的视图的controller

 

程序中主窗口的视图控制器我们成为root controller,由它负责不同视图的切换等功能.

 

由root controller负责的视图都有自己的controller和delegate,比如一个tab bar,当用户在tab bar上点击的时候,是由tab bar的controller负责处理,而当用户在内容界面点击的时候,是由内容视图的controller负责处理的.

 

书中的例子很简单,点击tab bar中的按扭,在两个背景颜色(一蓝一黄)的视图中切换,两个视图中各有一个button

 

书中的例子建立的步骤如下:

 

1.建立一个Window base application ,没有view controller,只有一个window

 

2.添加视图文件

 

2.1 新建文件,选择cocoa touch下的UIViewController subclass 不使用xib文件(书中这里是xcode4.2以前的版本) 保存为SwitchViewController.h 和SwitchViewController.m.这就是root controller

 

2.2 按照步骤2.1,创建蓝,黄背景视图的类文件BlueViewController & YellowViewController

 

3.添加xib文件

 

3.1 选择cocoa touch下user interface下的View XIB的文件

 

3.2 新建两个视图的xib文件,BlueView.xib & YellowView.xib

 

4.在AppDelegate中添加一个IBOutlet,

 

@property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet SwitchViewController   *switchViewController;

 

5.为了将主视图SwitchViewController和Window关联,需要使用addSubview,添加了以下代码:

 

#import "View_SwitcherAppDelegate.h"

#import "SwitchViewController.h"

@implementation View_SwitcherAppDelegate

@synthesize window;

@synthesize switchViewController;

- (void) application:(UIApplication *)application

didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions{

    // Override point for customization after application launch

   [self.window addSubview:switchViewController.view];

    [self.window makeKeyAndVisible];

    return YES; //注:书中代码这样写的,返回YES 但是函数类型是void.经查SDK,发现函数类型是BOOL

}

- (void)dealloc {

    [window release];

   [switchViewController release];

    [super dealloc];

}

 

6. 为了切换两个view,我们在SwitchViewController里添加两个View的指针,不定义IBOutlet,同时定义方法switchViews

 

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>

@class YellowViewController;

@class BlueViewController;

@interface SwitchViewController : UIViewController {

}

@property (retain, nonatomic) YellowViewController *yellowViewController;

@property (retain, nonatomic) BlueViewController *blueViewController;

- (IBAction)switchViews:(id)sender;

@end

 

 

 

7.代码架构好了,开始在IB中操作

 

7.1 在Library中拖动一个View Controller到Window上面

 

7.2 该View是UIViewController,在Identity Inspector中修改类名为UIViewController

 

7.3 新建Toolbar的View,拖放一个View到7.1添加的View上面,替换原有的View(注:为何是替换呢?)

 

7.4 拖动一个Toolbar到7.3新建的View中,选中Toolbar后,点击Button,链接到SwitchViewController的方法switchView中

 

 

 

8. 在IB中将AppDelegate中的IBOutlet switchViewController与类SwitchViewController链接

 

9. 修改SwitchViewController.m

 

主要就是从Nib加载ViewController,不用的释放Controller

 

刚开始只加载BlueView,因为YellowView可能用户不会选择,等到切换的时候才加载(Lazy Loading)

 

#import "SwitchViewController.h"

#import "YellowViewController.h"

#import "BlueViewController.h"

@implementation SwitchViewController

@synthesize yellowViewController;

@synthesize blueViewController;

- (void)viewDidLoad

{

    BlueViewController *blueController = [[BlueViewController alloc]

              initWithNibName:@"BlueView" bundle:nil];

    self.blueViewController = blueController;

   [self.view insertSubview:blueController.view atIndex:0];

    [blueController release];

    [super viewDidLoad];

}

- (IBAction)switchViews:(id)sender

{

    if (self.yellowViewController.view.superview == nil)

   {

        if (self.yellowViewController == nil)

        {

            YellowViewController *yellowController =

           [[YellowViewController alloc] initWithNibName:@"YellowView"

                                                   bundle:nil];

            self.yellowViewController = yellowController;

 

            [yellowController release];

        }

        [blueViewController.view removeFromSuperview];

        [self.view insertSubview:yellowViewController.view atIndex:0];

   }

   else

   {

      if (self.blueViewController == nil)

      {

          BlueViewController *blueController =

          [[BlueViewController alloc] initWithNibName:@"BlueView"

                                               bundle:nil];

          self.blueViewController = blueController;

          [blueController release];

      }

      [yellowViewController.view removeFromSuperview];

      [self.view insertSubview:blueViewController.view atIndex:0];

   }

}

 

Releases the view if it doesn't have a superview

 

- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning {

    // Releases the view if it doesn't have a superview

    [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];

    // Release any cached data, images, etc, that aren't in use

    if (self.blueViewController.view.superview == nil)

        self.blueViewController = nil;

    else

       self.yellowViewController = nil;

}

 

 

 

- (void)dealloc {

    [yellowViewController release];

    [blueViewController release];

    [super dealloc];

}

@end

 

 

 

10.完善两个内容视图,添加button,弹出不同的内容提示.

 

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>

@interface BlueViewController : UIViewController {

}

- (IBAction)blueButtonPressed;

@end

 

在实现中加入UIAlertView即可.(略去)

 

 

 

打开BlueView.nib,在Indentity Inspector中选择class name为BlueViewController,表明从nib从BlueViewController

 

然后修改View的背景色,更改View的位置在属性页的

 

Simulated User Interface Elements选项下

 

 

 

11.加入视图切换动画

 

- (IBAction)switchViews:(id)sender

{

    [UIView beginAnimations:@"View Flip" context:nil];

    [UIView setAnimationDuration:1.25];

    [UIView setAnimationCurve:UIViewAnimationCurveEaseInOut];

 

.....

 

 

 

if(..)

 

{

 

        [UIView setAnimationTransition:

         UIViewAnimationTransitionFlipFromRight

                               forView:self.view cache:YES];

        [blueViewController viewWillAppear:YES];

        [yellowViewController viewWillDisappear:YES];

 

        … …

 

}

 

[UIView commitAnimations];

 

}