Mysql 多实例详细配置教程

Mysql 多实例

1. 什么是多实例？

   就是一台机器上开启多个不同的服务端口，运行多个mysql服务进程，这些服务进程通过不同的socket监听不同的服务端口来提供各自的服务
   这些mysql实例共用一套mysql安装程序，使用不同（也可以相同）的my.cnf配置文，启动程序，数据库文件，在提供服务时，多实例mysql在逻辑上看来是各自独立，

优缺点：
节约服务器资源
并发高或慢查询时，整个实例消耗更多的系统资源，影响其它实例

2. 配置mysql

   2.1. 建立数据目录
   mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/var/{3306,3007}

   2.2 修改配置文件my.cnf
   注意：port、server-id不能重复

       vim /usr/local/mysql/var/3306/my.cnf
   
       [client]
       port = 3306
       socket = /usr/local/mysql/var/3306/mysql.sock
       [mysqld]
       datadir=/usr/local/mysql/var/3306/
       port = 3306
       socket =/usr/local/mysql/var/3306/mysql.sock
       server-id = 1
       skip-name-resolve
       datadir=/data/mysql/3306/var/
       relay-log=/data/mysql/3306/relay-bin
       relay-log-info-file =/data/mysql/3306/relay-log.info
       log-error=/data/mysql/3306/mysql.error
       pid-file=/data/mysql/3306/mysql.pid

3. 初始化mysql

       /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/var/3306 --user=mysql

4. 启动mysql多实例

   4.1. 脚本启动方式：
   /usr/local/mysql/var/3306/mysqld start
   将下面命令的方式写成脚本，利用case做｛start|stop｝

   命令启动方式：
   mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql/3306/my.cnf
   
   4.2 创建mysql启动脚本
   
           创建自动启动文件
           vim /usr/local/mysql/var/3306/mysqld
           3306的启动文件如下： 
   
       #!/bin/bash
       mysql_port=3306
       mysql_username="admin"
       mysql_password="password"
       start_mysql()
       {
           echo "Starting MySQL...\n"
           /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/dbdata_${mysql_port}/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null &
       }
       stop_mysql()
       {
           echo "Stoping MySQL...\n"
           /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_username} -p${mysql_password} -S /data/dbdata_${mysql_port}/mysql.sock shutdown
       }
       restart_mysql()
       {
           echo "Restarting MySQL...\n"
           stop_mysql
           start_mysql
       }
       kill_mysql()
       {
           kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'bin/mysqld_safe' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{echo $2}')
           kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'libexec/mysqld' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{echo $2}')
       }
   
       case $1 in
           start)
               start_mysql
               ;;
           stop)
               stop_mysql
               ;;
           kill)
               kill_mysql
               ;;
           restart)
               function_stop_mysql
               function_start_mysql
               ;;
           *)
               echo "Usage: /data/dbdata_${mysql_port}/mysqld {start|stop|restart|kill}"
           ;;
       esac
       给文件755执行权chmod 755 /usr/local/mysql/var/3306/mysqld

5. 停止mysql多实例

   root无密码
   mysqladmin -S /usr/local/mysql/3306/mysql.sock shutdown
   
   root有密码
   /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot -p123456 -s /usr/local/mysql/var/3306/mysql.sock shutdown

6.### 登录mysql多实例

        /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -S /usr/local/mysql/3306/mysql.sock
        mysql -uroot -p123456 -P 3306 -h 192.168.1.100

7. 修改mysql 多实例root密码

       /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot password 'password' -S /usr/local/mysql/var/3306/mysql.sock
   
       登录测试并创建关闭mysql的帐号权限，mysqld脚本要用到！
       /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -ppassword -S /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock
       GRANT SHUTDOWN ON *.* TO 'admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
       flush privileges;
   
       创建了admin帐号以后脚本的stop功能和restart功能就正常了！

8. 添加开机启动

   vi /etc/rc.local
   /usr/local/mysql/var/3306/mysqld start
   /usr/local/mysql/var/3307/mysqld start
   /usr/local/mysql/var/3308/mysqld start

转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/zhongliang/2152922