Centos7.0 部署openstack环境，创建服务时 出现500错误

最新推荐文章于 2022-11-05 10:25:41 发布
最新推荐文章于 2022-11-05 10:25:41 发布
阅读量1.5k 收藏 1
点赞数
文章标签： shell python json
原文链接：https://my.oschina.net/choulaji/blog/732954
版权

2019独角兽企业重金招聘Python工程师标准>>> hot3.png

新手一个，在学习过程中，根据官网的install guide 一步步安装，到达

openstack service create --name keystone --description "OpenStack Identity" identityre

这一步时报错。

 

openstack service create --name keystone --description "OpenStack Identity" identityre--debug

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'hypervisor_stats_show'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'security_group_create'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'security_group_rule_list'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'ip_floating_add'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'keypair_list'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'flavor_unset'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'host_show'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'host_list'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'hypervisor_show'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'server_pause'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'server_reboot'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'server_migrate'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'server_set'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'server_add_security_group'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'server_unrescue'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'usage_list'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'keypair_show'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'security_group_set'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'compute_agent_create'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'server_rescue'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'console_log_show'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'compute_agent_delete'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'server_ssh'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'server_lock'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'server_unset'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'server_show'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'server_suspend'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'server_add_volume'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'server_image_create'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'flavor_list'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'server_remove_volume'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'compute_agent_set'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'aggregate_add_host'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'aggregate_remove_host'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'compute_service_set'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'aggregate_create'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'keypair_create'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'ip_floating_list'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'aggregate_delete'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'flavor_set'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'security_group_rule_create'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'security_group_delete'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'server_rebuild'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'flavor_delete'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'server_delete'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'project_usage_list'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'availability_zone_list'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'hypervisor_list'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'flavor_create'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'console_url_show'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'ip_fixed_add'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'server_remove_security_group'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'usage_show'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'compute_agent_list'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'flavor_show'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'ip_fixed_remove'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'ip_floating_create'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'server_list'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'server_create'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'ip_floating_pool_list'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'aggregate_show'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'security_group_show'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'keypair_delete'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'server_resize'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'security_group_rule_delete'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'ip_floating_delete'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'ip_floating_remove'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'security_group_list'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'server_resume'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'aggregate_set'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'aggregate_list'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'server_unpause'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'compute_service_list'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'server_unlock'

DEBUG: openstackclient.shell compute API version 2, cmd group openstack.compute.v2

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'network_set'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'network_delete'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'network_list'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'network_show'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'network_create'

DEBUG: openstackclient.shell network API version 2, cmd group openstack.network.v2

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'image_set'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'image_delete'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'image_create'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'image_list'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'image_show'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'image_save'

DEBUG: openstackclient.shell image API version 1, cmd group openstack.image.v1

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'snapshot_show'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'backup_create'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'volume_list'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'volume_show'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'snapshot_unset'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'volume_set'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'backup_delete'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'volume_create'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'volume_type_list'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'volume_type_create'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'backup_restore'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'backup_list'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'volume_unset'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'backup_show'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'volume_type_delete'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'volume_type_set'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'snapshot_set'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'snapshot_list'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'snapshot_delete'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'volume_delete'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'snapshot_create'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'volume_type_unset'

DEBUG: openstackclient.shell volume API version 1, cmd group openstack.volume.v1

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'project_create'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'project_list'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'ec2_credentials_list'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'service_list'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'role_add'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'project_show'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'role_show'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'endpoint_delete'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'project_set'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'service_create'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'service_show'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'endpoint_show'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'ec2_credentials_create'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'catalog_list'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'ec2_credentials_delete'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'service_delete'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'token_issue'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'project_delete'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'endpoint_list'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'role_list'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'user_create'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'user_delete'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'user_show'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'role_create'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'role_remove'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'role_delete'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'catalog_show'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'token_revoke'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'endpoint_create'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'user_role_list'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'user_set'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'user_list'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'ec2_credentials_show'

DEBUG: openstackclient.shell identity API version 2, cmd group openstack.identity.v2

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'object_create'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'object_list'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'object_delete'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'container_list'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'object_show'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'container_delete'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'container_create'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'container_show'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'container_save'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'object_save'

DEBUG: openstackclient.shell object_store API version 1, cmd group openstack.object_store.v1

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'extension_list'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'quota_set'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'quota_show'

DEBUG: cliff.commandmanager found command 'limits_show'

INFO: openstackclient.shell command: service create -> openstackclient.identity.v2_0.service.CreateService

DEBUG: openstackclient.api.auth Auth plugin token_endpoint selected

DEBUG: openstackclient.api.auth auth_type: token_endpoint

DEBUG: openstackclient.api.auth fetching option os_url

DEBUG: openstackclient.api.auth fetching option os_token

INFO: openstackclient.common.clientmanager Using auth plugin: token_endpoint

DEBUG: openstackclient.common.clientmanager Get auth_ref

DEBUG: openstackclient.identity.v2_0.service.CreateService take_action(Namespace(columns=[], description='OpenStack Identity', formatter='table', max_width=0, name='keystone', noindent=False, prefix='', type=None, type_or_name='identity', variables=[]))

DEBUG: openstackclient.identity.client Instantiating identity client: <class 'openstackclient.identity.client.IdentityClientv2'>

DEBUG: keystoneclient.session REQ: curl -g -i -X POST http://controller:35357/v2.0/OS-KSADM/services -H "User-Agent: python-keystoneclient" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -H "Accept: application/json" -H "X-Auth-Token: {SHA1}b587807ea2bc01cb10cc8a3e7669dfc67784e5a6" -d '{"OS-KSADM:service": {"type": "identity", "name": "keystone", "description": "OpenStack Identity"}}'

INFO: requests.packages.urllib3.connectionpool Starting new HTTP connection (1): controller

DEBUG: requests.packages.urllib3.connectionpool "POST /v2.0/OS-KSADM/services HTTP/1.1" 500 527

DEBUG: keystoneclient.session RESP:

DEBUG: keystoneclient.session Request returned failure status: 500

ERROR: openstack Internal Server Error (HTTP 500)

Traceback (most recent call last):

  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/cliff/app.py", line 374, in run_subcommand

    result = cmd.run(parsed_args)

  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/cliff/display.py", line 92, in run

    column_names, data = self.take_action(parsed_args)

  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/openstackclient/identity/v2_0/service.py", line 88, in take_action

    parsed_args.description)

  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/keystoneclient/v2_0/services.py", line 43, in create

    return self._create("/OS-KSADM/services", body, "OS-KSADM:service")

  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/keystoneclient/base.py", line 151, in _create

    return self._post(url, body, response_key, return_raw, **kwargs)

  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/keystoneclient/base.py", line 165, in _post

    resp, body = self.client.post(url, body=body, **kwargs)

  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/keystoneclient/adapter.py", line 176, in post

    return self.request(url, 'POST', **kwargs)

  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/keystoneclient/adapter.py", line 206, in request

    resp = super(LegacyJsonAdapter, self).request(*args, **kwargs)

  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/keystoneclient/adapter.py", line 95, in request

    return self.session.request(url, method, **kwargs)

  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/keystoneclient/utils.py", line 318, in inner

    return func(*args, **kwargs)

  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/keystoneclient/session.py", line 397, in request

    raise exceptions.from_response(resp, method, url)

InternalServerError: Internal Server Error (HTTP 500)

DEBUG: openstackclient.shell clean_up CreateService

DEBUG: openstackclient.shell got an error: Internal Server Error (HTTP 500)

ERROR: openstackclient.shell Traceback (most recent call last):

  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/openstackclient/shell.py", line 176, in run

    return super(OpenStackShell, self).run(argv)

  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/cliff/app.py", line 255, in run

    result = self.run_subcommand(remainder)

  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/cliff/app.py", line 374, in run_subcommand

    result = cmd.run(parsed_args)

  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/cliff/display.py", line 92, in run

    column_names, data = self.take_action(parsed_args)

  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/openstackclient/identity/v2_0/service.py", line 88, in take_action

    parsed_args.description)

  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/keystoneclient/v2_0/services.py", line 43, in create

    return self._create("/OS-KSADM/services", body, "OS-KSADM:service")

  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/keystoneclient/base.py", line 151, in _create

    return self._post(url, body, response_key, return_raw, **kwargs)

  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/keystoneclient/base.py", line 165, in _post

    resp, body = self.client.post(url, body=body, **kwargs)

  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/keystoneclient/adapter.py", line 176, in post

    return self.request(url, 'POST', **kwargs)

  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/keystoneclient/adapter.py", line 206, in request

    resp = super(LegacyJsonAdapter, self).request(*args, **kwargs)

  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/keystoneclient/adapter.py", line 95, in request

    return self.session.request(url, method, **kwargs)

  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/keystoneclient/utils.py", line 318, in inner

    return func(*args, **kwargs)

  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/keystoneclient/session.py", line 397, in request

    raise exceptions.from_response(resp, method, url)

InternalServerError: Internal Server Error (HTTP 500)

 

 

 

查了很多资料，以为自己的配置文件设置出现问题，重装了两次系统。最后发现可能是apache和keystone占用了同一端口（官网手顺的bug？）。

ps：其实前面也出现了apache和keystone无法restart的现象，但没有影响到进程， 所以就没有过多关注。

 

systemctl stop httpd.service

关闭apache服务

 

systemctl restart openstack-keystone.service

重启keystone服务

 

再来

openstack service create --name keystone --description "OpenStack Identity" identity

+-------------+----------------------------------+

| Field       | Value                            |

+-------------+----------------------------------+

| description | OpenStack Identity               |

| enabled     | True                             |

| id          | 3d5eea8fdd364986bcdba6352a74c9b0 |

| name        | keystone                         |

| type        | identity                       |

+-------------+----------------------------------+

 

好了！至于关了apache对后面的影响？ 再说。

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/choulaji/blog/732954

weixin_34033624
关注
  • 0
    点赞
  • 踩
  • 1
    收藏
    觉得还不错? 一键收藏
  • 0
    评论
openstack创建keystone服务实体报404错误
weixin_41630573的博客
12-21 3376
openstack --debug service create identity --name keystone --description "keystone identity" START with options: [u'--debug', u'service', u'create', u'identity', u'--name', u'keystone', u'--description...
OpenStack（M）+ ubuntu 搭建学习四：Keystone组件
qq_45701957的博客
07-12 985
目录 一、先决条件 二、配置组件 三、配置Apache服务 四、配置服务实体和API访问端点 五、创建服务实体和API端点 六、创建域(domain)，项目(projects)，用户(users)与角色(roles) 七、测试操作 八、创建 OpenStack 客户端环境脚本 具体步骤可参考官方文档：https://docs.openstack.org/mitaka/zh_CN/install-guide-ubuntu/ 一、先决条件 在你配置...
centos 7 | OCS inventory linux agent安装 |Cannot establish communication : 500 Internal Server Error
我是一块小石头
10-06 1127
配置yum源 rpm -Uvh http://ftp.iij.ad.jp/pub/linux/fedora/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm 安装依赖包 yum install -y perl-XML-Simple perl-Compress-Zlib perl-Net-IP perl-Net-SSLeay perl-Crypt-SSLeay ...
openstack-keystone总结
peachli
05-24 4036
可以带着下面问题来阅读： 1./etc/keystone/keystone.conf文件的作用是什么？ 2.connection = mysql://keystonedbadmin:keystonesecret@10.10.10.2/keystone包含的元素都是什么？ 3.重启keystone的命令是什么？ 4.那些环境变量是OpenStack必须运行的？ 5.比较软件安装与源码安装的
项目部署到服务器上500报错
YINGZHECHENG的博客
03-10 1263
很多友友们的项目在本地很完美，可是一上服务器就各种报错，经常出现的一个就是500。 500报错范围很大，各种各样的错误都可能存在，最简便的方式就是将Debug调回True，页面就显示报错了。 还有一个需要注意，可能是项目文件的权限不够大，以阿里云为例，我练手一般就用的阿里云，将所有项目文件权限设为777。 ...
基于CentOS的OpenStack环境部署详细教程(OpenStack安装)
09-29
在这个基于CentOS的OpenStack环境部署教程中，我们将深入理解各个核心组件并学习如何在CentOS系统上安装它们。 首先，让我们了解一下OpenStack的核心组件： 1. **Nova**：Nova是OpenStack的计算服务，负责虚拟机...
CentOS7.2部署OpenStack（一）—环境准备
09-30
主要介绍了CentOS7.2部署OpenStack（一）—环境准备，小编觉得挺不错的，现在分享给大家，也给大家做个参考。一起跟随小编过来看看吧
centos7部署OpenStack云平台
最新发布
01-27
CentOS7上部署OpenStack云平台是一项复杂而重要的任务，涉及到多个组件的安装和配置。OpenStack Compute，也称为Nova，是OpenStack的核心组件，负责处理计算资源的生命周期，如启动、停止和管理虚拟机实例。以下是...
Openstack-Keystone-身份验证
weixin_34265814的博客
04-18 188
Openstack-Keystone-身份验证教程大纲 1. keystone的服务组件介绍2. keystone的安装部署3. keystone V3的新特性1.创建keystone的数据库并授权访问连接mysql -u root -p -e "create database keystone;"mysql -u root -p -e "grant all pri...
openstack mysql 密码_openstack 认证（keystone）服务篇
weixin_35970228的博客
01-28 476
一、安装配置控制节点1.创建数据库并添加权限mysql-uroot-p123123CREATEDATABASEkeystone;GRANTALLPRIVILEGESONkeystone.*TO"keystone"@"localhost"IDENTIFIEDBY"123123’;GRANTALLPRIVILEGESONkeystone.*TO"keystone"@...
openstack keystone创建identify服务报错(http://controller:35357/V3/services): The resource could not be fou
qq_52122458的博客
04-24 1130
*[root@controller ~]# openstack service create --name keystone --description "openstack identity" identity** **(http://controller:35357/V3/services): The resource could not be found. (HTTP 404)** export查看变量 declare -x MAIL="/var/spool/mail/root" declar...
(三)OpenStack---M版---双节点搭建---Keystone安装和配置
指剑
11-25 9167
1.创建keystone数据库 2.创建随机密码作为管理员令牌 3.安装openstack-keystone,httpd,mod_wsgi服务并配置 4.初始化Keystone身份认证数据库连接并验证 5.初始化Fernet keys 6.配置Apache服务(Http)并启动 7.创建服务实体和API端点 8.验证 9.创建OpenStack 客户端环境脚本 1.创建keystone数据库 #m...
Openstack云平台脚本部署之Keystone认证服务配置（六）
梅馨嫣栀
11-05 418
Openstack云平台脚本部署之Keystone认证服务配置
openstack部署中的错误总结
weixin_34242331的博客
11-22 387
在安装到glance上传镜象时出错，折腾不出来，先记在这儿 1、glance index Failed to show index. Got error: You are not authenticated. 解决方法： keystone配置出错，解决keystone问题 1、删除以前MYSQL生成的KEYSTONE的表 drop table ec...
Linux安装keystone认证服务,CentOS 7.x 部署OpenStack 之 认证服务 Keystone -奇搜博客
weixin_39927059的博客
05-10 380
一、基础理论篇1、Keystone的概述Keystone是Openstack的组件之一，用于为Openstack家族中的其它组件成员提供统一的认证服务，包括身份验证，令牌的发放和校验，服务列表，用户权限的定义等。Openstack中任何组件均依赖与Keystone提供的服务。2、Keystone 功能用户与认证：用户权限与用户行为追踪。服务目录：为每个组件服务提供一个可用的服务目录和相应的API入...
（二）Open Stack（M）----Keystone安装和配置
Cat God 007的博客
04-02 3571
（一）Open Stack（M）----基础环境搭建 1.创建keystone数据库 进入数据库 mysql -uroot -p000000 创建keystone数据库 create database keystone; 创建keystone用户并授予所有权限本地登陆并设置密码 grant all privileges on keystone.* to 'keystone'@'localhost' identified by '000000'; 创建keystone用户并授予所有权限任意地点登陆并设
keystone创建服务报错404
qq_52122458的博客
05-31 1721
[root@controller ~]# openstack service create --name keystone identity (http://controller:35357/v3/OS-KSADM/services): The resource could not be found. (HTTP 404) (Request-ID: req-0b95528e-2f7c-4b19-872d-a7bde0cb1142) 404报错是找不到请求的网页 先检查wsgi文件是否正确，在查看expo
CentOS 7 : Docker私有仓库搭建和使用
热门推荐
人生就是一场修行
07-26 3万+
系统环境： CentOS 7.2 192.168.0.179：docker仓库 192.168.0.60：客户端安装并启动dockeryum -y install docker systemctl start docker systemctl enable docker搭建私有仓库179上下载registry镜像docker pull registry防火墙添加运行5000端口iptab
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

个

红包个数最小为10个

元

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43元 前往充值 >
需支付：10.00元
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付元
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明：

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币，按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载，可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值