JSP的hello world及其原理

最新推荐文章于 2019-09-06 17:56:27 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2019-09-06 17:56:27 发布

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文章标签： java runtime web.xml

原文链接：https://my.oschina.net/letiantian/blog/367026

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2019独角兽企业重金招聘Python工程师标准>>>

Hello World

首先，根据 http://my.oschina.net/letiantian/blog/366964的介绍创建项目HelloJSP。

在 web/目录下创建文件index.jsp：

index.jsp内容如下：

<%-- 
    Document   : index
    Created on : Jan 13, 2015, 11:24:35 AM
    Author     : letian
--%>

<%@page contentType="text/html" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
        <title>JSP Page</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <h1>Hello World!</h1>
        <%
            int sum=0;
            for(int i=1; i<=10; i++) {
                sum += i;
                out.println(i + "<br/>");
            }
        %>
        
        <h1><%=sum %></h1>
        
    </body>
</html>

浏览器访问http://localhost:8080/HelloJSP/index.jsp，可以看到

如果想在访问 http://localhost:8080/HelloJSP/时候优先显示 index.jsp的内容，可以这样做：

在tomcat安装目录下的 conf目录下，打开 web.xml，找到：

<welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>

调整顺序即可。

上面的是全局配置，也可以针对项目来配置。在HelloJSP项目的 web/WEB-INF目录下创建文件 web.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
	 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	 xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
	 version="3.1">
    <session-config>
        <session-timeout>
            30
        </session-timeout>
    </session-config>
    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

原理

JSP首先会被转换为JAVA文件，对于HelloJSP项目中的index.jsp，我们可以在Tomcat安装目录下的 work/Catalina/localhost/HelloJSP/org/apache/jsp 目录中找到index_jsp.java（还有一个文件是index_jsp.class），其内容如下：

/*
 * Generated by the Jasper component of Apache Tomcat
 * Version: Apache Tomcat/8.0.15
 * Generated at: 2015-01-13 03:50:41 UTC
 * Note: The last modified time of this file was set to
 *       the last modified time of the source file after
 *       generation to assist with modification tracking.
 */
package org.apache.jsp;

import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import javax.servlet.jsp.*;

public final class index_jsp extends org.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase
    implements org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspSourceDependent {

  private static final javax.servlet.jsp.JspFactory _jspxFactory =
          javax.servlet.jsp.JspFactory.getDefaultFactory();

  private static java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.lang.Long> _jspx_dependants;

  private javax.el.ExpressionFactory _el_expressionfactory;
  private org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager _jsp_instancemanager;

  public java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.lang.Long> getDependants() {
    return _jspx_dependants;
  }

  public void _jspInit() {
    _el_expressionfactory = _jspxFactory.getJspApplicationContext(getServletConfig().getServletContext()).getExpressionFactory();
    _jsp_instancemanager = org.apache.jasper.runtime.InstanceManagerFactory.getInstanceManager(getServletConfig());
  }

  public void _jspDestroy() {
  }

  public void _jspService(final javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest request, final javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse response)
        throws java.io.IOException, javax.servlet.ServletException {

final java.lang.String _jspx_method = request.getMethod();
if (!"GET".equals(_jspx_method) && !"POST".equals(_jspx_method) && !"HEAD".equals(_jspx_method) && !javax.servlet.DispatcherType.ERROR.equals(request.getDispatcherType())) {
response.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED, "JSPs only permit GET POST or HEAD");
return;
}

    final javax.servlet.jsp.PageContext pageContext;
    javax.servlet.http.HttpSession session = null;
    final javax.servlet.ServletContext application;
    final javax.servlet.ServletConfig config;
    javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter out = null;
    final java.lang.Object page = this;
    javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter _jspx_out = null;
    javax.servlet.jsp.PageContext _jspx_page_context = null;


    try {
      response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
      pageContext = _jspxFactory.getPageContext(this, request, response,
      			null, true, 8192, true);
      _jspx_page_context = pageContext;
      application = pageContext.getServletContext();
      config = pageContext.getServletConfig();
      session = pageContext.getSession();
      out = pageContext.getOut();
      _jspx_out = out;

      out.write("\n");
      out.write("\n");
      out.write("\n");
      out.write("<!DOCTYPE html>\n");
      out.write("<html>\n");
      out.write("    <head>\n");
      out.write("        <meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n");
      out.write("        <title>JSP Page</title>\n");
      out.write("    </head>\n");
      out.write("    <body>\n");
      out.write("        <h1>Hello World!</h1>\n");
      out.write("        ");

            int sum=0;
            for(int i=1; i<=10; i++) {
                sum += i;
                out.println(i + "<br/>");
            }
        
      out.write("\n");
      out.write("        \n");
      out.write("        <h1>");
      out.print(sum );
      out.write("</h1>\n");
      out.write("        \n");
      out.write("    </body>\n");
      out.write("</html>\n");
    } catch (java.lang.Throwable t) {
      if (!(t instanceof javax.servlet.jsp.SkipPageException)){
        out = _jspx_out;
        if (out != null && out.getBufferSize() != 0)
          try {
            if (response.isCommitted()) {
              out.flush();
            } else {
              out.clearBuffer();
            }
          } catch (java.io.IOException e) {}
        if (_jspx_page_context != null) _jspx_page_context.handlePageException(t);
        else throw new ServletException(t);
      }
    } finally {
      _jspxFactory.releasePageContext(_jspx_page_context);
    }
  }
}

Tomcat server上的jsp文件在被请求时，Tomcat启动一个线程，该线程首先转换为java文件，再编成字节码文件并载入内存，然后字节码文件被执行以响应客户端。字节码常驻内存，供以后的请求使用。

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/letiantian/blog/367026