oracle初使用遇到的问题

问题1：

[oracle@iZ2zeh44pi6rlahxj7s9azZ ~]$ sqlplus monitor/monitor123

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Thu Aug 31 18:51:59 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

ERROR:

ORA-01034: ORACLE not available

ORA-27102: out of memory

Linux-x86_64 Error: 12: Cannot allocate memory

Additional information: 26

Additional information: 229378

Additional information: 1619001344

Process ID: 0

Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0

Enter user-name:

解决：

1、首先检查linux服务器的当前内存使用情况：

free -m

发现已经没有空闲内存

2、查看内核允许的最大共享内存段大小

/proc/sys/kernel/shmmax

发现设置的足够大

3、使用top 查看当前消耗内存大的进程

发现oracle有好几个进程消耗了大量的资源

4、kill掉这几个进程

kill -s 9   11111(进程号)

5、清理内存

echo 1 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches

6、重启数据库

sqlplus / as sysdba

shutdown immediate

startup

问题2：锁账号（原因是密码错误次数过多）

[oracle@iZ2zeh44pi6rlahxj7s9azZ ~]$ sqlplus monitor/monitor123

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Thu Aug 31 18:57:23 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

ERROR:

ORA-28000: the account is locked

解决：

[oracle@iZ2zeh44pi6rlahxj7s9azZ ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Thu Aug 31 18:50:39 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Oracle Label Security, OLAP, Data Mining,

Oracle Database Vault and Real Application Testing options

SQL> alter user monitor account unlock;

User altered.

问题3：初始化出现： local nodename

[oracle@172-16-10-109 /home/u01/database]  $./runInstaller -silent -force -noconfig -responseFile /u01/database/response/db_install_dtstack.rsp

Starting Oracle Universal Installer...

Checking Temp space: must be greater than 120 MB.   Actual 27734 MB    Passed

Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB.   Actual 4095 MB    Passed

Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2017-09-29_11-43-52AM. Please wait ...

[oracle@172-16-10-109 /home/u01/database]

$[FATAL] PRVF-0002 : Could not retrieve local nodename

A log of this session is currently saved as: /tmp/OraInstall2017-09-29_11-43-52AM/installActions2017-09-29_11-43-52AM.log. Oracle recommends that if you want to keep this log, you should move it from the temporary location to a more permanent location.

[root@172-16-10-109 /root]  #hostname

172-16-10-109

[root@172-16-10-109 /root]  #vim /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1       172-16-10-109  localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4

::1             172-16-10-109  localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

问题4：启动Oracle出现： MEMORY_TARGET not supported

[oracle@iz2zec57gfl6i9vbtdksl1z home]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Wed Sep 13 19:33:17 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup

ORA-00845: MEMORY_TARGET not supported on this system

[root@iZ0xi8vpz0koiwz9zzl6qrZ ~]# df -h | grep shm

tmpfs           497M  205M  292M  42% /dev/shm

[root@iZ0xi8vpz0koiwz9zzl6qrZ ~]# cat /etc/fstab | grep tmpfs

[root@iZ0xi8vpz0koiwz9zzl6qrZ ~]# mount -o remount,size=4G /dev/shm

[root@iZ0xi8vpz0koiwz9zzl6qrZ ~]# df -h | grep shm

tmpfs           4.0G  205M  3.9G   5% /dev/shm

删除其他用户登录oracle进程

问题5： 启动Oracle出现： cannot mount

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  413372416 bytes

Fixed Size            2253784 bytes

Variable Size          327158824 bytes

Database Buffers       79691776 bytes

Redo Buffers            4268032 bytes

ORA-01102: cannot mount database in EXCLUSIVE mode

[oracle@iZ0xi8vpz0koiwz9zzl6qrZ database]$ ipcs -s

------ Semaphore Arrays --------

key        semid      owner      perms      nsems

0xbcf2a624 491520     oracle     640        154

0x50f506b0 884737     oracle     640        154

[oracle@iZ0xi8vpz0koiwz9zzl6qrZ database]$ ipcrm -s 491520

[oracle@iZ0xi8vpz0koiwz9zzl6qrZ database]$ ipcrm -s 884737

[oracle@iZ0xi8vpz0koiwz9zzl6qrZ database]$ ipcs -s

------ Semaphore Arrays --------

key        semid      owner      perms      nsems

问题6： 重新安装 Oracle 时，没有orainstRoot.sh文件

[oracle@iz2zec57gfl6i9vbtdksl1z database]$  ./runInstaller -silent -force -noconfig -responseFile /u01/database/response/db_install_dtstack.rsp

Starting Oracle Universal Installer...

·

·

·

As a root user, execute the following script(s):

    1. /home/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.4/db_1/root.sh

Successfully Setup Software.

重新安装 Oracle 时，没有orainstRoot.sh文件  

重新安装RAC时，到excute configuration scripts时，只提示运行：/opt/ora10g/product/10.2.0/crs_1/root.sh这个文件，

不提示/opt/ora10g/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh;这个文件，是为什么？

原因：

没删除/etc/oraInst.loc文件

[oracle@iz2zec57gfl6i9vbtdksl1z database]$  ./runInstaller -silent -force -noconfig -responseFile /u01/database/response/db_install_dtstack.rsp

Starting Oracle Universal Installer...

·

·

·

As a root user, execute the following script(s):

    1. /home/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

    2. /home/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.4/db_1/root.sh

Successfully Setup Software.