rails3 Route用法

默认路由：

Ruby代码  

1. # Rails3:

2. match '/:controller(/:action(/:id))'

3. # Rails2:

4. map.connect ':controller/:action/:id'

正则路由：

Ruby代码  

1. # Rails3:

2. match 'products/:id', :to => 'catalog#view'

3. # Rails2:

4. map.connect 'products/:id', :controller => 'catalog', :action => 'view'

命名路由：

Ruby代码  

1. # Rails3:

2. match 'logout', :to => 'sessions#destroy', :as => 'logout'

3. # Rails2:

4. map.logout 'logout', :controller => 'sessions', :action => ''

根路由：

Ruby代码  

1. # Rails3:

2. root :to => 'welcome#show'

3. # Rails2:

4. map.root :controller => 'welcome', :action => 'show'

路由简写技巧：
:to 键的省略:

Ruby代码  

1. match 'account' => 'account#index'

2. # 相当于：

3. match 'account', :to => 'account#index'

5. match 'info' => 'projects#info', :as => 'info'

注意：
:as 在rails3中是改变 helper， 在rails2中是改变 path

当路径和控制器(及action)一至时，可省略指派控制器部分

Ruby代码  

1. match 'account/overview'

2. # 相当于：

3. match 'account/overview', :to => 'account#overview'

Verb路由
当需要限制http请求方法的时候通过键 :via ，也可以直接把方法写在最前面：

Ruby代码  

1. get 'account/overview'

2. # 相当于：

3. match 'account/overview', :via => 'get'

5. match 'account/setup', :via => [:get, :post]  

6. # 支持get\post\put\delete四种HTTP方法

resources路由：

Ruby代码  

1. resources :posts, :except => [:index]  

2. resources :posts, :only => [:new, :create]  

4. # edit_post GET    /posts/:id/modify(.:format) {:controller=>"posts", :action=>"edit"}

5. resources :posts, :path_names => { :edit => 'modify' }  

7. resources :projectsdo

8.  resources :tasks, :people

9. end

11. resources :productsdo

12.  collection do

13.    get  :sold

14.    post :on_offer, :search

15. end

16.  get :buy, :on => :member

17.  post :batch, :on => :collection

18. end

20. resource :sessiondo

21.  get :create

22. end

:shallow用法：
Rails3中的shallow用法与Rails2中一致

Ruby代码  

1. resources :blogs, :shallow => truedo

2.  resources :comments

3. end

使用:shallow前后相同部分：

blog_comments	GET	/blogs/:blog_id/comments(.:format)	{:controller=>"comments", :action=>"index"}
blog_comments	POST	/blogs/:blog_id/comments(.:format)	{:controller=>"comments", :action=>"create"}
new_blog_comment	GET	/blogs/:blog_id/comments/new(.:format)	{:controller=>"comments", :action=>"new"}
blogs	GET	/blogs(.:format)	{:controller=>"blogs", :action=>"index"}
blogs	POST	/blogs(.:format)	{:controller=>"blogs", :action=>"create"}
new_blog	GET	/blogs/new(.:format)	{:controller=>"blogs", :action=>"new"}
edit_blog	GET	/blogs/:id/edit(.:format)	{:controller=>"blogs", :action=>"edit"}
blog	GET	/blogs/:id(.:format)	{:controller=>"blogs", :action=>"show"}
blog	PUT	/blogs/:id(.:format)	{:controller=>"blogs", :action=>"update"}
blog	DELETE	/blogs/:id(.:format)	{:controller=>"blogs", :action=>"destroy"}

使用:shallow前后不同部分：
不使用shallow选项：

edit_blog_comment	GET	/blogs/:blog_id/comments/:id/edit(.:format)	{:controller=>"comments", :action=>"edit"}
blog_comment	GET	/blogs/:blog_id/comments/:id(.:format)	{:controller=>"comments", :action=>"show"}
blog_comment	PUT	/blogs/:blog_id/comments/:id(.:format)	{:controller=>"comments", :action=>"update"}
blog_comment	DELETE	/blogs/:blog_id/comments/:id(.:format)	{:controller=>"comments", :action=>"destroy"}

使用shallow选项后：

edit_comment	GET	/comments/:id/edit(.:format)	{:controller=>"comments", :action=>"edit"}
comment	GET	/comments/:id(.:format)	{:controller=>"comments", :action=>"show"}
comment	PUT	/comments/:id(.:format)	{:controller=>"comments", :action=>"update"}
comment	DELETE	/comments/:id(.:format)	{:controller=>"comments", :action=>"destroy"}

可以看出使用shallow选项后，对于已经存在的资源使用简化方式操作，具体行为涉及到 edit\show\update\destroy 四种
另外，shallow选项的有效范围是对自身及嵌套的资源都有效，如下面这个例子：

Ruby代码  

1. resources :publishersdo

2.  resources :magazinesdo

3.    resources :albums, :shallow => truedo

4.      resources :photosdo

5.        resources :p_w_picpaths

6. end

7. end

8. end

9. end

这个例子中 albums、photos、p_w_picpaths 都会使用简化方式，而 magazines 不会。特别注意：这种嵌套方式极不推荐，一般嵌套的层级最好不要超过一级

scope路由
:path 改变Path，:module 改变Controller, :name_prefix || :as 改变  helper

Ruby代码  

1. scope 'admin'do

2.  resources :posts

3. end

4. # 行当于：

5. scope :path => 'admin'do

6.  resources :posts

7. end

生成路由：

posts	GET	/admin/posts(.:format)	{:controller=>"posts", :action=>"index"}
posts	POST	/admin/posts(.:format)	{:controller=>"posts", :action=>"create"}
new_post	GET	/admin/posts/new(.:format)	{:controller=>"posts", :action=>"new"}
edit_post	GET	/admin/posts/:id/edit(.:format)	{:controller=>"posts", :action=>"edit"}
post	GET	/admin/posts/:id(.:format)	{:controller=>"posts", :action=>"show"}
post	PUT	/admin/posts/:id(.:format)	{:controller=>"posts", :action=>"update"}
post	DELETE	/admin/posts/:id(.:format)	{:controller=>"posts", :action=>"destroy"}

Ruby代码  

1. scope :module => 'admin'do

2.  resources :posts

3. end

4. # 相当于：

5. resources :posts, :module => 'admin'

生成路由：

posts	GET	/posts(.:format)	{:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"index"}
posts	POST	/posts(.:format)	{:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"create"}
new_post	GET	/posts/new(.:format)	{:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"new"}
edit_post	GET	/posts/:id/edit(.:format)	{:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"edit"}
post	GET	/posts/:id(.:format)	{:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"show"}
post	PUT	/posts/:id(.:format)	{:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"update"}
post	DELETE	/posts/:id(.:format)	{:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"destroy"}

Ruby代码  

1. scope :name_prefix => 'admin'do

2.  resources :posts

3. end

4. # 相当于：

5. resources :posts, :name_prefix => 'admin'

生成路由：

admin_posts	GET	/posts(.:format)	{:controller=>"posts", :action=>"index"}
admin_posts	POST	/posts(.:format)	{:controller=>"posts", :action=>"create"}
new_admin_post	GET	/posts/new(.:format)	{:controller=>"posts", :action=>"new"}
edit_admin_post	GET	/posts/:id/edit(.:format)	{:controller=>"posts", :action=>"edit"}
admin_post	GET	/posts/:id(.:format)	{:controller=>"posts", :action=>"show"}
admin_post	PUT	/posts/:id(.:format)	{:controller=>"posts", :action=>"update"}
admin_post	DELETE	/posts/:id(.:format)	{:controller=>"posts", :action=>"destroy"}

Ruby代码  

1. scope 'admin', :module => 'admin', :name_prefix => 'admin'do

2.  resources :posts

3. end

4. # 相当于：

5. namespace 'admin'do

6.  resources :posts

7. end

生成路由：

admin_posts	GET	/admin/posts(.:format)	{:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"index"}
admin_posts	POST	/admin/posts(.:format)	{:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"create"}
new_admin_post	GET	/admin/posts/new(.:format)	{:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"new"}
edit_admin_post	GET	/admin/posts/:id/edit(.:format)	{:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"edit"}
admin_post	GET	/admin/posts/:id(.:format)	{:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"show"}
admin_post	PUT	/admin/posts/:id(.:format)	{:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"update"}
admin_post	DELETE	/admin/posts/:id(.:format)	{:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"destroy"}

在路由中定义跳转：

Ruby代码  

1. match "/posts/github" => redirect("http://github.com/rails.atom")  

3. # 地址 /foo/1 会自动跳转到 /bar/1s

4. match "/foo/:id", :to => redirect("/bar/%{id}s")    

6. # /account/proc/inosin 会自动跳转到 /inosins

7. match 'account/proc/:name', :to => redirect {|params|  

8. "/#{params[:name].pluralize}" }  

10. match "/stories" => redirect {|p, req| "/posts/#{req.subdomain}" }  

路由中的限制：

Ruby代码  

1. # 限制 id 只能为数字

2. match "/posts/show/:id", :to => "posts#index", :id => /\d+/  

3. match "/posts/show/:id", :to => "posts#index", :constraints => {:id => /\d+/}  

5. # 限制子域名

6. match "photos", :constraints => {:subdomain => "admin"}  

8. # 限制访问者 IP

9. constraints(:ip => /127.0.0.1/) do

10.  match  '/questions', :to => redirect("http://www.stackoverflow.com/")  

11. end

13. # 当访问者 ip 是 192.168.1.* 的来访者访问 子域名为 "test"

14. match "/ttt" => proc{|env| [200, {}, ["hello test"]]}, \  

15. :constraints => {:subdomain => "test", :ip => /192\.168\.1\.\d+/}  

路由通配符：

Ruby代码  

1. resources :photos, :id => /\d+/  

2. match 'photos/*other' => 'photos#unknown'

3. #上面这两行路由则会把不符合7种path的其他url全部解析到PhotoController#unknown中去处理，params[:other]可得到path中/photos/之后的部分，注意这两行的顺序不能颠倒

5. match 'books/*section/:title' => 'books#show'

6. # 例如：books/some/section/last-words-a-memoir 中 params[:section] = "some/section", params[:title] = "last-words-a-memoir".

8. match '*a/foo/*b' => 'test#index'

9. # 例如：zoo/woo/foo/bar/baz 中 params[:a] = "zoo/woo", params[:b] = "bar/baz"

Rack:

Ruby代码  

1. match "/foo", :to => proc {|env| [200, {}, ["Hello world"]] }  

3. match 'rocketeer.js' => ::TestRoutingMapper::RocketeerApp  

5. RocketeerApp = lambda { |env|  

6.  [200, {"Content-Type" => "text/html"}, ["javascripts"]]  

7. }  

转载自：http://www.verydemo.com/demo_c119_i4009.html

转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/bohsu/1208359