RSpec's documentation

为什么80%的码农都做不了架构师？>>>   

RSpec 的官网是 https://www.relishapp.com/rspec

从那里我们可以知道 RSpec 实际由 4 部分组成：

• rspec-core
• rspec-expectations
• rspec-mocks
• rspec-rails

一、RSpec Expectations

Equivalence

actual.should eq(expected)  # passes if actual == expected
actual.should == expected   # passes if actual == expected
actual.should eql(expected) # passes if actual.eql?(expected)

Identity

actual.should be(expected)    # passes if actual.equal?(expected)
actual.should equal(expected) # passes if actual.equal?(expected)

Comparisons

actual.should be >  expected
actual.should be >= expected
actual.should be <= expected
actual.should be <  expected
actual.should be_within(delta).of(expected)

Regular expressions

actual.should =~ /expression/
actual.should match(/expression/)

Types/classes

actual.should be_an_instance_of(expected)
actual.should be_a_kind_of(expected)

Truthiness

actual.should be_true  # passes if actual is truthy (not nil or false)
actual.should be_false # passes if actual is falsy (nil or false)
actual.should be_nil   # passes if actual is nil

Expecting errors

expect { ... }.to raise_error
expect { ... }.to raise_error(ErrorClass)
expect { ... }.to raise_error("message")
expect { ... }.to raise_error(ErrorClass, "message")

Expecting throws

expect { ... }.to throw_symbol
expect { ... }.to throw_symbol(:symbol)
expect { ... }.to throw_symbol(:symbol, 'value')

Predicate matchers

actual.should be_xxx         # passes if actual.xxx?
actual.should have_xxx(:arg) # passes if actual.has_xxx?(:arg)

此外 RSpec::Matchers 还有：

Ranges (Ruby >= 1.9 only)

(1..10).should cover(3)

Collection membership

actual.should include(expected)

Examples

[1,2,3].should include(1)
[1,2,3].should include(1, 2)
{:a => 'b'}.should include(:a => 'b')
"this string".should include("is str")

二、RSpec Mocks

Test Doubles

book = double("book")

Method Stubs

book.stub(:title) { "The RSpec Book" }
book.stub(:title => "The RSpec Book")
book.stub(:title).and_return("The RSpec Book")

book = double("book", :title => "The RSpec Book")

double(:foo => 'bar')

order.calculate_total_price(stub(:price => 1.99),stub(:price => 2.99))

四、rspec-rails-2 (Request, Controller, View, Model, Routing, Helper, :Matchers)

Request Specs

describe "home page" do
  it "diplays the user's username after successful login" do
    user = User.create!(:username => "jdoe", :password => "secret")
    get "/login"
    assert_select "form.login" do
      assert_select "input[name=?]", "username"
      assert_select "input[name=?]", "password"
      assert_select "input[type=?]", "submit"
    end

    post "/login", :username => "jdoe", :password => "secret"
    assert_select ".header .username", :text => "jdoe"
  end
end

describe "home page" do
  it "diplays the user's username after successful login" do
    user = Factory(:user, :username => "jdoe", :password => "secret")
    visit "/login"
    fill_in "Username", :with => "jdoe"
    fill_in "Password", :with => "secret"
    click_buton "Log in"

    page.should have_selector(".header .username", :content => "jdoe")
  end
end

Controller Specs

with fixtures

describe WidgetsController do
  describe "GET index" do
    fixtures :widgets

    it "assigns all widgets to @widgets" do
      get :index
      assigns(:widgets).should eq(Widget.all)
    end
  end
end

with a factory

describe WidgetsController do
  describe "GET index" do
    it "assigns all widgets to @widgets" do
      widget = Factory(:widget)
      get :index
      assigns(:widgets).should eq([widget])
    end
  end
end

with stubs

describe WidgetsController do
  describe "GET index" do
    it "assigns all widgets to @widgets" do
      widget = stub_model(Widget)
      Widget.stub(:all) { [widget] }
      get :index
      assigns(:widgets).should eq([widget])
    end
  end
end

matchers

response.should render_template(*args)
# => delegates to assert_template(*args)

response.should redirect_to(destination)
# => delegates to assert_redirected_to(destination)

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/kelby/blog/193127