RedHat Enterprise Linux as 5.4上安装Oracle 10g10.2.0.1.0

 

1.查看linux内核版本和发行版本，默认oracle10不支持rhel5，所以需要修改/etc/issue文件，将5.4改为“4.4”

[oracle@oraserver ~]$ uname -r

2.6.18-164.el5

[oracle@oraserver ~]$ cat /etc/issue

Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.4 (Tikanga)   ##改为4.4

Kernel \r on an \m

[oracle@oraserver ~]$ cat /etc/issue.net

Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.4 (Tikanga)  ##改为4.4

Kernel \r on an \m

2.创建oracle安装目录和oracle软件包目录，如下图

[root@oraserver ~]# mkdir -p /ora10g/progame/oracle     准备做安装目录

[root@oraserver ~]# mkdir -p /oracle10g/data            oracle软件包目录

3.创建用于安装和维护 Oracle的 Linux 组和用户帐户。用户帐户将称为 oracle，

[root@oraserver ~]# groupadd oinstall

[root@oraserver ~]# groupadd dba

[root@oraserver ~]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle

[root@oraserver ~]# passwd oracle

Changing password for user oracle.

New UNIX password:

BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word

Retype new UNIX password:

passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

 

[root@oraserver ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /ora10g /oracle10g/

 

4. 配置 Linux 内核参数，因为是在虚拟机环境，所以很多都规划为较小的值，如果系统够强大，可以根据情况规划大点

[root@oraserver ora10g]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf

# Kernel sysctl configuration file for Red Hat Linux#

# For binary values, 0 is disabled, 1 is enabled.  See sysctl(8) and

# sysctl.conf(5) for more details.

# Controls IP packet forwarding

net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0

# Controls source route verification

net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1

# Do not accept source routing

net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0

# Controls the System Request debugging functionality of the kernel

# Kernel sysctl configuration file for Red Hat Linux#

# For binary values, 0 is disabled, 1 is enabled.  See sysctl(8) and

# sysctl.conf(5) for more details.

# Controls IP packet forwarding

net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0

# Controls source route verification

net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1

# Do not accept source routing

net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0

# Controls the System Request debugging functionality of the kernel

kernel.sysrq = 0

# Controls whether core dumps will append the PID to the core filename

# Useful for debugging multi-threaded applications

kernel.core_uses_pid = 1

# Controls the use of TCP syncookies

net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1

# Controls the maximum size of a message, in bytes

kernel.msgmnb = 65536

# Controls the default maxmimum size of a mesage queue

kernel.msgmax = 65536

# Controls the maximum shared segment size, in bytes

#kernel.shmmax = 4294967295

# Controls the maximum number of shared memory segments, in pages

#kernel.shmall = 268435456

kernel.shmall = 2097152  表示系统一次可以使用的共享内存总量（以页为单位，）。

kernel.shmmni = 4096     表示设置系统范围内单个共享内存段的最小值。

kernel.shmmax = 2147483648  该参数定义了共享内存段的最大尺寸（以字节为单位）。

fs.file-max = 65536               表示文件句柄的最大数量。

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128   sem 4个参数依次是

net.core.rmem_default = 1048576   默认的接收窗口大小

net.core.rmem_max = 262144         接收窗口的最大大小

net.core.wmem_default = 262144    默认的发送窗口大小

net.core.wmem_max = 262144       发送窗口的最大大小

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000   表示端口范围

 

5.使内核配置参数不重启马上生效，

[root@oraserver ora10g]# sysctl -p

net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0

net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1

net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0

kernel.sysrq = 0

kernel.core_uses_pid = 1

net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1

kernel.msgmnb = 65536

kernel.msgmax = 65536

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.shmmax = 2147483648

fs.file-max = 65536

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.core.rmem_default = 1048576

net.core.rmem_max = 262144

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 262144

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000

 

6.修改维护数据库用户oracle的环境变量，如下图：

[oracle@oraserver ~]$ vim .bash_profile

# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then

        . ~/.bashrc

fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

ORACLE_BASE=/ora10g/progame/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE

ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE; export ORACLE_HOME

ORACLE_SID=orcl; export ORACLE_SID

PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

export PATH

7.重新读取.bash_profile文件内容，或者重新启动也可。

[oracle@oraserver ~]$ source .bash_profile

[oracle@oraserver ~]$ echo $PATH

/usr/kerberos/bin:/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/home/oracle/bin:/home/oracle/bin:/ora10g/progame/oracle/bin