python互斥锁问题_python——互斥锁的使用和分析

mutex = threading.Lock()

定义一个全局的互斥锁对象，默认不加锁

情况一：

#!/usr/bin/python3

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""

@author: zx coder

@software: PyCharm

@file: t5全局变量竞争资源.py

@time: 2020/9/27 22:23

"""

import threading

import time

g_num = 0

def test1(num):

global g_num

mutex.acquire()

for i in range(num):

g_num += num

mutex.release()

print("--------in test1 g_num = %d"%g_num)

def test2(num):

global g_num

mutex.acquire()

for i in range(num):

g_num += num

mutex.release()

print("--------in test2 g_num = %d" % g_num)

def main():

t1 = threading.Thread(target=test1, args=(1000000,))

t2 = threading.Thread(target=test2, args=(1000000,))

t1.start()

t2.start()

time.sleep(2)

print(f"--- main ---- g_num = {g_num}")

mutex = threading.Lock()

if __name__ == '__main__':

main()

out:

--------in test1 g_num = 1000000000000

--------in test2 g_num = 2000000000000

--- main ---- g_num = 2000000000000

再看，情况二：

#!/usr/bin/python3

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""

@author: zx coder

@software: PyCharm

@file: t5全局变量竞争资源.py

@time: 2020/9/27 22:23

"""

import threading

import time

g_num = 0

def test1(num):

global g_num

for i in range(num):

mutex.acquire()

g_num += num

mutex.release()

print("--------in test1 g_num = %d"%g_num)

def test2(num):

global g_num

for i in range(num):

mutex.acquire()

g_num += num

mutex.release()

print("--------in test2 g_num = %d" % g_num)

def main():

t1 = threading.Thread(target=test1, args=(1000000,))

t2 = threading.Thread(target=test2, args=(1000000,))

t1.start()

t2.start()

time.sleep(2)

print(f"--- main ---- g_num = {g_num}")

mutex = threading.Lock()

if __name__ == '__main__':

main()

out:

--------in test2 g_num = 1894359000000

--------in test1 g_num = 2000000000000

--- main ---- g_num = 2000000000000

总结：

互斥锁使用原则：加锁的代码越少越好，对比之下，优先考虑用情况二

在情况二中，test2执行后的结果是随机的，数值大于一百万，小于两百万，为什么？因为，执行加1代码时，两线程共同抢CPU资源，谁抢到谁用。在test2执行一百万次中，test1也抢到很多，故而，全局变量g_num变成了在test2执行完的时间内两个线程共同作用的结果