一、Jersey简介
Jersey是JAX-RS(JSR311)开源参考实现用于构建RESTful Web service。此外Jersey还提供一些额外的API和扩展机制,所以开发人员能够按照自己的需要对Jersey进行扩展。
二、项目搭建
MyEclipse2014, JDK1.7, Maven3, Jersey2.23.1
1. 新建一个web service项目,并加入maven支持
2. 配置pom.xml文件,加入jersey2.23.1的依赖包以及jetty插件
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.wbf</groupId>
<artifactId>jerseyDemo</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>jersey demo</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<jersey.version>2.23.1</jersey.version>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<jdk.version>1.7</jdk.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- jersey -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.containers</groupId>
<artifactId>jersey-container-servlet</artifactId>
<version>${jersey.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.media</groupId>
<artifactId>jersey-media-multipart</artifactId>
<version>${jersey.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.media</groupId>
<artifactId>jersey-media-json-jackson</artifactId>
<version>${jersey.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
<version>2.8.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>jerseyDemo</finalName>
<plugins>
<!-- 编译的时候使用JDK7和UTF8编码 -->
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<source>${jdk.version}</source>
<target>${jdk.version}</target>
<encoding>${project.build.sourceEncoding}</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<!-- 配置Maven插件(mvn jetty:run可以运行项目) -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.mortbay.jetty</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-jetty-plugin</artifactId>
<version>6.1.26</version>
<configuration>
<connectors>
<connector implementation="org.mortbay.jetty.nio.SelectChannelConnector">
<port>8888</port>
</connector>
</connectors>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
3. 编写POJO类User
package com.wbf.jersey;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;
@XmlRootElement
public class User {
private String name;
private String age;
private String sex;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(String age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "name: " + this.getName() + ", age: " + this.getAge() + ", sex: " + this.getSex();
}
}
User是一个POJO类,其重写了父类的toString()方法,加上了@XmlRootElement注解以支持向前端返回xml格式的值
4. 编写资源类RESTService
package com.wbf.jersey;
import javax.ws.rs.GET;
import javax.ws.rs.Path;
import javax.ws.rs.Produces;
import javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType;
@Path("/restService")
public class RESTService {
@GET
@Produces(MediaType.TEXT_HTML)
public String getUserHello() {
return "hello!";
}
@GET
@Path("/getUserText")
@Produces(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN)
public String getUserText() {
User user = new User();
user.setName("snail");
user.setAge("22");
user.setSex("male");
return user.toString();
}
@GET
@Path("/getUserXml")
@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_XML)
public User getUserXml() {
User user = new User();
user.setName("snail");
user.setAge("22");
user.setSex("male");
return user;
}
@GET
@Path("/getUserJson")
@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
public User getUserJson() {
User user = new User();
user.setName("snail");
user.setAge("22");
user.setSex("male");
return user;
}
}
这个类是前后端交互的类,类和方法上都有对应的JAX-RS注解,如@Path, @Get, @Produces, @Consumes。
5. 编写Application类:RestApplication
package com.wbf.jersey;
import org.glassfish.jersey.filter.LoggingFilter;
import org.glassfish.jersey.server.ResourceConfig;
public class RestApplication extends ResourceConfig {
public RestApplication() {
// 服务类所在的包路径
packages("com.wbf.jersey");
// 打印访问日志,便于跟踪调试,正式发布可清除
register(LoggingFilter.class);
}
}
这个类继承了jersey的资源管理类ResourceConfig,在这个类中初始化的时候,我们会注册一些信息到jersey容器,比如:告诉jersey容器应该扫描哪些包下面的类,看看这些包下哪些类是有对应JAX-RS注解的,以便管理起来
6. 配置web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaeehttp://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<display-name>RestDemo</display-name>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>jerseyServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.glassfish.jersey.servlet.ServletContainer</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>javax.ws.rs.Application</param-name>
<param-value>com.wbf.jersey.RestApplication</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>jerseyServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
这个文件中配置了jersey的核心类ServletContainer,它是个servlet。
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>jerseyServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
上诉servlet-mapping中的信息表示前端所有的访问都交给jerseyServlet处理,也就是交给org.glassfish.jersey.servlet.ServletContainer统一处理分配。
<init-param>
<param-name>javax.ws.rs.Application</param-name>
<param-value>com.wbf.jersey.RestApplication</param-value>
</init-param>
上诉init-param中的信息表示加载jersey核心容器ServletContainer时,加载用户自定义的类RestApplication,这个自定义类的是将一些必要的信息注入到jersey核心容器中,如:哪些类是资源类
6. 将项目部署到jetty,通过mvn jetty:run来启动
mvn compile
mvn jetty:run
通过浏览器访问
(1) http://localhost:8888/jerseyDemo/restService/
访问的最终会转到getUserHello方法上
@GET
@Produces(MediaType.TEXT_HTML)
public String getUserHello() {
return "hello!";
}
getUserHello方法允许get方式的访问,返回值类型是TEXT_HTML,当前方法返回"hello!"
(2) http://localhost:8888/jerseyDemo/restService/getUserXml
访问最终会转到getUserXml方法上
@GET
@Path("/getUserXml")
@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_XML)
public User getUserXml() {
User user = new User();
user.setName("snail");
user.setAge("22");
user.setSex("male");
return user;
}
getUserXml方法允许get方式的访问,返回值类型是APPLICATION_XML,当前方法返回user,user对象会被解析成xml格式的值,最后return给前端。
(3) http://localhost:8888/jerseyDemo/restService/getUserJson
getUserJson方法允许get方式的访问,返回值类型是APPLICATION_JSON,当前方法返回user,user对象会被解析成json格式的值,最后return给前端 。