首先我们使用AsyncTask时，一般是：
new AsyncTask(...).execute()
复制代码我们看new AsyncTask(),它走的是：
public AsyncTask() {
this((Looper) null);
}
public AsyncTask(@Nullable Looper callbackLooper) {
//创建一个handler到后面将子线程处理的消息传递给主线程，这个handler是基于主线程创建的
mHandler = callbackLooper == null || callbackLooper == Looper.getMainLooper()
? getMainHandler()
: new Handler(callbackLooper);
//创建了一个WorkerRunnable,它实现了Callable，这个后面会讲到
mWorker = new WorkerRunnable<Params, Result>() {
public Result call() throws Exception {
mTaskInvoked.set(true);
Result result = null;
try {
Process.setThreadPriority(Process.THREAD_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND);
//在子线程中处理异步任务
result = doInBackground(mParams);
Binder.flushPendingCommands();
} catch (Throwable tr) {
mCancelled.set(true);
throw tr;
} finally {
postResult(result);
}
//将处理结果传递出去
return result;
}
};
//FutureTask是实现了RunnableFuture，Runnable和Future接口
mFuture = new FutureTask<Result>(mWorker) {
@Override
protected void done() {
try {
postResultIfNotInvoked(get());
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
android.util.Log.w(LOG_TAG, e);
} catch (ExecutionException e) {
throw new RuntimeException("An error occurred while executing doInBackground()",
e.getCause());
} catch (CancellationException e) {
postResultIfNotInvoked(null);
}
}
};
}
复制代码主要是创建了三个对象，mHandler，mWorker和mFuture，mHandler是将后面处理的结果发送到主线程；mWorker主要是实现Callable接口，并在call中调用doInBackground()方法处理任务；mFuture则是实现了RunnableFuture，Runnable和Future接口，最后在done中调用postResultIfNotInvoked（）方法将处理结果传递出去。也就是主要弄清楚mWorker.call()以及mFuture.done()。下面我们分析他们分别在什么时候调用。接着往下看AsyncTask的execute（）：
@MainThread
public final AsyncTask<Params, Progress, Result> execute(Params... params) {
return executeOnExecutor(sDefaultExecutor, params);
}
@MainThread
public final AsyncTask<Params, Progress, Result> executeOnExecutor(Executor exec,
Params... params) {
......
mStatus = Status.RUNNING;
onPreExecute();
mWorker.mParams = params;
exec.execute(mFuture);
return this;
}
复制代码我们可以看到调用AsyncTask.execute()是执行了executeOnExecutor(sDefaultExecutor, params);这个方法,我们看executeOnExecutor()方法，它执行了 onPreExecute()，对应我们应用中的异步任务前的准备操作，接着将params值传递 给mWorker，最后执行了 exec.execute(mFuture);这个exec就是上面传递进来的 sDefaultExecutor，也就是执行了sDefaultExecutor.execute()方法。sDefaultExecutor是什么呢？往下看:
private static volatile Executor sDefaultExecutor = SERIAL_EXECUTOR;
public static final Executor SERIAL_EXECUTOR = new SerialExecutor();
private static class SerialExecutor implements Executor {
final ArrayDeque<Runnable> mTasks = new ArrayDeque<Runnable>();
Runnable mActive;
public synchronized void execute(final Runnable r) {
mTasks.offer(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
try {
r.run();
} finally {
scheduleNext();
}
}
});
if (mActive == null) {
scheduleNext();
}
}
protected synchronized void scheduleNext() {
if ((mActive = mTasks.poll()) != null) {
THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR.execute(mActive);
}
}
}
复制代码sDefaultExecutor其实就是SerialExecutor,所以就是执行了SerialExecutor的execute(mFuture)方法，然后调用了 r.run()也就是mFuture.run()，我们看FutureTask的run方法:
public void run() {
if (state != NEW ||
!U.compareAndSwapObject(this, RUNNER, null, Thread.currentThread()))
return;
try {
Callable<V> c = callable;
if (c != null && state == NEW) {
V result;
boolean ran;
try {
result = c.call();
ran = true;
} catch (Throwable ex) {
result = null;
ran = false;
setException(ex);
}
if (ran)
set(result);
}
} finally {
// runner must be non-null until state is settled to
// prevent concurrent calls to run()
runner = null;
// state must be re-read after nulling runner to prevent
// leaked interrupts
int s = state;
if (s >= INTERRUPTING)
handlePossibleCancellationInterrupt(s);
}
}
复制代码Callable c = callable中的callable其实就是mWorker,因为我们在AsyncTask的构造方法中创建mFuture对象时将mWorker传递进去了： mFuture = new FutureTask(mWorker) ,我们看看FutureTask的构造方法：
public FutureTask(Callable<V> callable) {
if (callable == null)
throw new NullPointerException();
this.callable = callable;
this.state = NEW; // ensure visibility of callable
}
复制代码发现有 this.callable = callable，所以callable其实就是mWorker。我们接着看FutureTask的run方法，它调用了c.run(),也就是mWorker.run(),现在很清晰了，也就回调到最开始mWorker的run,调用doInBackground()方法等等。接着往下看，调用了 set(result)方法：
protected void set(V v) {
if (U.compareAndSwapInt(this, STATE, NEW, COMPLETING)) {
outcome = v;
U.putOrderedInt(this, STATE, NORMAL); // final state
finishCompletion();
}
}
复制代码将result赋值给了outcome。继续往下看，调用了finishCompletion()：
private void finishCompletion() {
...
done();
...
}
复制代码调用了done()方法，是不是很熟悉，也就是我们之前mFuture的done()方法，接着在done()中调用postResultIfNotInvoked(get())：
public V get() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
int s = state;
if (s <= COMPLETING)
s = awaitDone(false, 0L);
//返回report（）的结果
return report(s);
}
private V report(int s) throws ExecutionException {
Object x = outcome;
if (s == NORMAL)
//将outcome返回，也就是对应的result
return (V)x;
if (s >= CANCELLED)
throw new CancellationException();
throw new ExecutionException((Throwable)x);
}
private void postResultIfNotInvoked(Result result) {
final boolean wasTaskInvoked = mTaskInvoked.get();
if (!wasTaskInvoked) {
postResult(result);
}
}
复制代码调用get()返回了outcome也就是result最后通过postResult()将结果传递出去:
private Result postResult(Result result) {
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
Message message = getHandler().obtainMessage(MESSAGE_POST_RESULT,
new AsyncTaskResult<Result>(this, result));
message.sendToTarget();
return result;
}
...
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
AsyncTaskResult<?> result = (AsyncTaskResult<?>) msg.obj;
switch (msg.what) {
case MESSAGE_POST_RESULT:
// There is only one result
result.mTask.finish(result.mData[0]);
break;
case MESSAGE_POST_PROGRESS:
result.mTask.onProgressUpdate(result.mData);
break;
}
}
...
复制代码结果通过handler将消息传递到主线程，并执行了result.mTask.finish();我们接着看finish方法：
private void finish(Result result) {
if (isCancelled()) {
onCancelled(result);
} else {
onPostExecute(result);
}
mStatus = Status.FINISHED;
}
复制代码如果取消了就执行onCancelled()，否则执行onPostExecute()将结果回调到我们的应用当中。 接着我们看在doInBackground()中回调处理进度的方法publishProgress():
protected final void publishProgress(Progress... values) {
if (!isCancelled()) {
getHandler().obtainMessage(MESSAGE_POST_PROGRESS,
new AsyncTaskResult<Progress>(this, values)).sendToTarget();
}
}
复制代码通过handler将任务进度传到主线程，我们看handleMessage(见上面的处理） result.mTask.onProgressUpdate(result.mData);是不是很熟悉，就是将进度回调到应用中，并且是在主线程中，可直接更新UI。很多很小的细节，可以再慢慢琢磨，先把大概的分析清楚，这就是AsyncTask的大致流程。
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