Mysql主主同步实现
1,基本的思路是排除数据库单点故障,保障数据高可用性。
2,前期对于要求不高的话可以用主主同步来实现,后期如果不能满足要求可以在后面加从数据库。
3,实验需要的环境及数据库的版本如下表格:
序号 | 名称 | IP地址 | 数据库版本 | 系统版本 |
1 | MySQL-Master01 | 10.93.58.72 | mysql-5.5.32 | CentOS release 6.9 |
2 | MySQL-Master02 | 10.93.58.73 | mysql-5.5.32 | CentOS release 6.9 |
3 | Test | 10.93.58.70 | 无 | CentOS release 6.9 |
4 | virtual IP | 10.93.58.74 | 无 | 无 |
4,正式安装数据步骤:
1)我是用了一个脚本来安装这个Mysql-5.5.32数据库,脚本如下:
#!/bin/bash #auto_install_mysql #auth by tony date 2018-07-31 yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make ncurses ncurses-devel libaio-devel cmake groupadd mysql useradd mysql -s/sbin/nologin -M -g mysql mkdir /application wget http://10.93.58.70/lamp/mysql-5.5.32.tar.gz tar xvf mysql-5.5.32.tar.gz cd mysql-5.5.32 cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/application/mysql-5.5.32 \ -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql \ -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/application/mysql-5.5.32/tmp/mysql.sock \ -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \ -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \ -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=gbk,gb2312,utf8,ascii \ -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=ON \ -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITHOUT_EXAMPLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITHOUT_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_FAST_MUTEXES=1 \ -DWITH_ZLIB=bundled \ -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \ -DWITH_READLINE=1 \ -DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \ -DWITH_DEBUG=0 if [ $? -eq 0 ];then make && make install ln -s /application/mysql-5.5.32/ /application/mysql /bin/cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld chown mysql.mysql /application/mysql chown mysql.mysql /data echo 'export PATH=/application/mysql/bin:$PATH '>>/etc/profile source /etc/profile mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.bak cat >/etc/my.cnf <<EOF [mysqld] port = 3306 socket = /application/mysql-5.5.32/tmp/mysql.sock datadir =/data/mysql user =mysql # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 log-bin=mysql-bin server-id = 1 auto_increment_offset=1 auto_increment_increment=2 [mysqld_safe] log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid replicate-do-db =all EOF /application/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql/ --datadir=/data/mysql --user=mysql /etc/init.d/mysqld start chkconfig mysqld on mysqladmin -uroot password 'hwg123' echo -e "\n\033[32m-----------------------------------------------\033[0m" echo -e "\033[32mThe $M_FILES_DIR Server Install Success !\033[0m" else echo -e "\033[32mThe $M_FILES_DIR Make or Make install ERROR,Please Check......" exit 0 fi "mysqlset.sh" 66L, 2228C written
2)查看my.cnf配置文件
[root@Mysql-Master ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld] port = 3306 socket = /application/mysql-5.5.32/tmp/mysql.sock datadir =/data/mysql user =mysql # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 log-bin=mysql-bin binlog_format = mixed server-id = 1 auto_increment_offset=1 auto_increment_increment=2 [mysqld_safe] log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid replicate-do-db =all
3)进入数据库Master01:
[root@Mysql-Master ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
输入密码:hwg123
4)给数据库授权:
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'rep'@'10.93.58.73' identified by "hwg123";
5)查看主库状态;mysql> show master status;
6)在mater02上要做如下几步操作;
7)进入数据库;输入密码hwg123
[root@Mysql-Slave ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
8)根据mysql-bind和post点来授权同步库和post点位。
mysql> change master to master_host='10.93.58.73',master_user='rep',master_password='hwg123',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000014',master_log_pos=263; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)
9)开启slave同步
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
10)查看同步结果如果是两个YES;证明同步成功:
mysql> show slave status\G;
5,切换到Master02上正式安装mysql-5.5.32。
1)使用脚本安装这里略过
2)查看配置文件,这里注意标红的地方:
[root@Mysql-Slave ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld] port = 3306 socket = /application/mysql-5.5.32/tmp/mysql.sock datadir =/data/mysql user =mysql # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 log-bin=mysql-bin binlog_format = mixed server-id = 2 auto_increment_offset=2 auto_increment_increment=2 [mysqld_safe] log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid replicate-do-db =all
3)进入数据库:输入密码:hwg123
[root@Mysql-Slave ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
4)给数据库授权:
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'rep'@'10.93.58.72' identified by "hwg123";
5)查看数据库状态:mysql> show master status;
6)切换到master01上授权;
mysql> change master to master_host='10.93.58.73',master_user='rep',master_password='hwg123',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000006',master_log_pos=263;
7)开启slave同步
mysql> slave start;
8)查询同步状态:mysql> show slave status\G;
7)这样主主同步就好了
6,安装keepalived来做高可用。我用的是keepalived-1.2.20.tar.gz
在Master01上操作如下:
yum –y install openssl openssl-devel tar xf keepalived-1.2.20.tar.gz cd keepalived-1.2.20 ./configure --with-kernel-dir=/usr/src/kernels/2.6.32-696.el6.x86_64 make && make install cp /usr/local/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/rc.d/init.d/ cp /usr/local/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/ cp /usr/local/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/ mkdir /etc/keepalived cd /etc/keepalived/
添加keepalived配置文件
[root@Mysql-Master ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
#####MASTER keepalived配置文件###### ! Configuration File for keepalived global_defs { notification_email { hwg1227@163.com } notification_email_from hwg1227@163.com smtp_server 127.0.0.1 smtp_connect_timeout 30 router_id LVS_DEVEL } # VIP1 vrrp_instance VI_1 { state MASTER interface eth0 lvs_sync_daemon_inteface eth0 virtual_router_id 50 priority 50 advert_int 1 nopreempt authentication { auth_type PASS auth_pass 1111 } virtual_ipaddress { 10.93.58.74 } } virtual_server 10.93.58.74 3306 { delay_loop 6 lb_algo wrr lb_kind DR persistence_timeout 60 protocol TCP real_server 10.93.58.72 3306 { weight 1 notify_down /root/mysql.sh TCP_CHECK { connect_timeout 10 nb_get_retry 3 delay_before_retry 3 connect_port 3306 } }
[root@Mysql-Master ~]# vim mysql.sh
#!/bin/bash /etc/init.d/keepalived stop
[root@Mysql-Master ~]# chmod +x mysql.sh
在Master02上操作基本和Master01类似,只需要改keepalived.conf,配置如下,注意SLAVE 、priority、IP几个地方:
#####SLAVE keepalived配置文件##### ! Configuration File for keepalived global_defs { notification_email { hwg1227@163.com } notification_email_from hwg1227@163.com smtp_server 127.0.0.1 smtp_connect_timeout 30 router_id LVS_DEVEL } # VIP1 vrrp_instance VI_1 { state SLAVE interface eth0 lvs_sync_daemon_inteface eth0 virtual_router_id 50 priority 30 advert_int 5 # nopreempt authentication { auth_type PASS auth_pass 1111 } virtual_ipaddress { 10.93.58.74 } } virtual_server 10.93.58.74 3306 { delay_loop 6 lb_algo wrr lb_kind DR persistence_timeout 60 protocol TCP real_server 10.93.58.73 3306 { weight 1 notify_down /root/mysql.sh TCP_CHECK { connect_timeout 10 nb_get_retry 3 delay_before_retry 3 connect_port 3306 } }
7,最后测试一下,停掉Master01主库;没有停主库前的ip。
停了数据库后,看看日志显示;
[root@Mysql-Master ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop
Shutting down MySQL. SUCCESS!
[root@Mysql-Slave ~]# tail -fn20 /var/log/messages
随后查看Master02上面的ip看看VIP有没有漂移过来。
[root@Mysql-Slave ~]# ip a
最后可以看出来IP已经漂移过来了,实验成功了。
转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/hwg1227/2155244