开源地址: https://github.com/CreateChen/Bencode
Nuget: Install-Package Bencode
1. Bencode规则
BEncoding是BitTorrent用在传输数据结构的编码方式,我们最熟悉的“种子”文件,它里面的元数据就是 BEncoding 过的字典表。虽然比用纯二进制编码效率低,但由于结构简单而且不受字节存储顺序影响(所有数字以十进制编码,不存在大端小端的问题)——这对于跨平台性非常重要。而且具有较好的灵活性,即使存在故障的字典键,只要将其忽略并更换新的就能兼容补充,更多介绍见维基百科。
这种编码方式支持四种类型的数据:string, int, Dictionary<string, object>, List<object>,各自的编码规则如下:
1.1 string类型
string类型的编码格式为[length]:[string]。以字符串的长度开头,加一个冒号,并以字符串内容结束。示例:
"abc" => 3:abc
1.2 int类型
int类型的编码格式为i[int]e。以i开头,加上数字,以e结尾。 示例:
123 => i123e
1.3 List<object>类型
List<object>类型的编码格式为l[object]e。以l开头,加上列表中各个元素的编码(元素的类型同样为BEncoding支持的类型),以e结尾。 示例:
List<"abc", 123> => l3:abci123ee
1.4 Dictionary<string, object>类型
Dictionary<string, object>类型的编码格式为d[Key-Value Pair]e。以d开头,加上字典中每个键值对的编码,以e结尾。示例:
Dictionary<{"name":"create chen"},{"age":23}> => d4:name11:create chen3:agei23ee
感兴趣的朋友可以自己写着玩玩
2. Bencode编码
2.1 代码:
public static string Encode(object obj)
{
var sb = new StringBuilder();
if(obj is Dictionary<string,object>)
{
var parseObj = obj as Dictionary<string, object>;
sb.Append("d");
foreach (var o in parseObj)
{
sb.AppendFormat("{0}:{1}{2}", o.Key.Length,o.Key, Encode(o.Value));
}
sb.Append("e");
}
if ((obj as int?) != null)
{
var parseObj = (int) obj;
sb.AppendFormat("i{0}e", parseObj);
}
if (obj is List<object>)
{
var parseObj = obj as List<object>;
sb.Append("l");
foreach (var o in parseObj)
{
sb.Append(Encode(o));
}
sb.Append("e");
}
if (obj is string)
{
var parseObj = obj as string;
sb.AppendFormat("{0}:{1}", parseObj.Length, parseObj);
}
return sb.ToString();
}
2.2 测试对象:
var obj = new Dictionary<string, Object>
{
{"nick", "Create Chen"},
{"age", 23},
{"blog","http://www.cnblogs.com/technology"},
{"hobbies", new List<object> {"Coding", "Basketball"}}
};
2.3 输出:
d4:nick11:Create Chen3:agei23e4:blog33:http://www.cnblogs.com/technology7:hobbiesl6:Coding10:Basketballee
3. BEncoding解码
3.1 代码:
public static object Decode(string s)
{
return DecodeObject(s, ref _index, EncodeState.Value);
}
private enum EncodeState
{
Key,
Value
}
private static int _index;
private static object DecodeObject(string str,ref int index, EncodeState state)
{
var obj = new Dictionary<string, object>();
var c = str[index];
while (c != 'e')
{
if (c == 'd')//字典类型
{
index++;
return DecodeObject(str, ref index,EncodeState.Key);
}
if (c == 'i')//数字类型
{
var value = "";
index++; c = str[index];
while (c != 'e')
{
value += c.ToString(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
index++;
c = str[index];
}
return Convert.ToInt32(value);
}
if (c == 'l')//列表类型
{
index++;
var value = new List<object>();
while (str[index]!='e')
{
value.Add(DecodeObject(str, ref index, EncodeState.Value));
index++;
}
return value;
}
if ('0' < c && c <= '9') //字符串类型
{
string strLength = "";
while (c != ':')
{
strLength += c.ToString(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
c = str[++index];
}
var length = Convert.ToInt32(strLength);
var strContent = "";
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
{
strContent += str[index + 1].ToString(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
index++;
}
if (state == EncodeState.Value)
{
return strContent;
}
index++;
obj.Add(strContent, DecodeObject(str, ref index, EncodeState.Value));
state = EncodeState.Key;
index++;
}
c = str[index];
}
return obj;
}
3.2 测试对象:
d4:nick11:Create Chen3:agei23e4:blog33:http://www.cnblogs.com/technology7:hobbiesl6:Coding10:Basketballee