LVM配置实战案例
一.物理磁盘格式化为PV物理卷
1.检查新磁盘
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l
磁盘 /dev/sda：53.7 GB, 53687091200 字节，104857600 个扇区
Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇区大小(逻辑/物理)：512 字节 / 512 字节
I/O 大小(最小/最佳)：512 字节 / 512 字节
磁盘标签类型：dos
磁盘标识符：0x0009f1d1
设备 Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 1026047 512000 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 1026048 5253119 2113536 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda3 5253120 104857599 49802240 83 Linux
磁盘 /dev/sdb：5368 MB, 5368709120 字节，10485760 个扇区
Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇区大小(逻辑/物理)：512 字节 / 512 字节
I/O 大小(最小/最佳)：512 字节 / 512 字节
磁盘 /dev/sdc：5368 MB, 5368709120 字节，10485760 个扇区
Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇区大小(逻辑/物理)：512 字节 / 512 字节
I/O 大小(最小/最佳)：512 字节 / 512 字节
磁盘 /dev/sdd：5368 MB, 5368709120 字节，10485760 个扇区
Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇区大小(逻辑/物理)：512 字节 / 512 字节
I/O 大小(最小/最佳)：512 字节 / 512 字节
磁盘 /dev/sde：5368 MB, 5368709120 字节，10485760 个扇区
Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇区大小(逻辑/物理)：512 字节 / 512 字节
I/O 大小(最小/最佳)：512 字节 / 512 字节
2.创建PV物理卷
[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb /dev/sdc
Physical volume "/dev/sdb" successfully created
Physical volume "/dev/sdc" successfully created
3.查看PV信息
[root@localhost ~]# pvdisplay
"/dev/sdc" is a new physical volume of "5.00 GiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdc
VG Name
PV Size 5.00 GiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID qOKGCz-heok-VtG9-hC2J-gvX2-wkdf-kx4FAu
"/dev/sdb" is a new physical volume of "5.00 GiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdb
VG Name
PV Size 5.00 GiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID Vttquh-1Zwq-DPaI-ep7k-3jGf-osTa-gqEYDs
[root@localhost ~]# pvs
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sdb lvm2 a-- 5.00g 5.00g
/dev/sdc lvm2 a-- 5.00g 5.00g
二.创建卷组，并将PV加入卷组中。
1.创建卷组
[root@localhost ~]# vgcreate vg00 /dev/sdc /dev/sdb #vg00为卷组名称
Volume group "vg00" successfully created
2.查看VG信息
[root@localhost ~]# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name vg00
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 1
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 0
Open LV 0
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 9.99 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 2558
Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0
Free PE / Size 2558 / 9.99 GiB
VG UUID jifW9X-rc9x-L6i9-b0B3-yOzI-NgCx-jhLYAf
[root@localhost ~]# vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
vg00 2 0 0 wz--n- 9.99g 9.99g
三.创建逻辑卷
1.创建LV
[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -n lv00 -L 2G vg00 #-n为逻辑卷指定名称、 lv00为逻辑卷名称、-L指定磁盘大小、vg00为卷组名称
Logical volume "lv00" created
2.查看LV信息
[root@localhost ~]# lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/vg00/lv00
LV Name lv00
VG Name vg00
LV UUID NPc3B5-wtbh-Zv1J-kUYL-Prpz-KHZi-QaefPo
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2016-05-31 10:31:55 +0800
LV Status available
# open 0
LV Size 2.00 GiB
Current LE 512
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192
Block device 253:0
[root@localhost ~]# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
lv00 vg00 -wi-a----- 2.00g
3.格式化逻辑卷
[root@localhost ~]# mke2fs /dev/vg00/lv00
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
文件系统标签=
OS type: Linux
块大小=4096 (log=2)
分块大小=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe blocks
131072 inodes, 524288 blocks
26214 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
第一个数据块=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=536870912
16 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912
Allocating group tables: 完成
正在写入inode表: 完成
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成
4.挂载逻辑卷
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/vg00/lv00 /mnt/
[root@localhost ~]# mount
proc on /proc type proc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,seclabel)
devtmpfs on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,nosuid,seclabel,size=926912k,nr_inodes=231728,mode=755)
securityfs on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,seclabel)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,seclabel,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000)
tmpfs on /run type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,seclabel,mode=755)
tmpfs on /sys/fs/cgroup type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,seclabel,mode=755)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/systemd type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,xattr,release_agent=/usr/lib/systemd/systemd-cgroups-agent,name=systemd)
pstore on /sys/fs/pstore type pstore (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,cpuset)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/cpu,cpuacct type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,cpuacct,cpu)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/memory type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,memory)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/devices type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,devices)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,freezer)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/net_cls type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,net_cls)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/blkio type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,blkio)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/perf_event type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,perf_event)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/hugetlb type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,hugetlb)
configfs on /sys/kernel/config type configfs (rw,relatime)
/dev/sda3 on / type xfs (rw,relatime,seclabel,attr2,inode64,noquota)
selinuxfs on /sys/fs/selinux type selinuxfs (rw,relatime)
systemd-1 on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type autofs (rw,relatime,fd=32,pgrp=1,timeout=300,minproto=5,maxproto=5,direct)
hugetlbfs on /dev/hugepages type hugetlbfs (rw,relatime,seclabel)
debugfs on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw,relatime)
mqueue on /dev/mqueue type mqueue (rw,relatime,seclabel)
sunrpc on /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs type rpc_pipefs (rw,relatime)
sunrpc on /proc/fs/nfsd type nfsd (rw,relatime)
/dev/sda1 on /boot type xfs (rw,relatime,seclabel,attr2,inode64,noquota)
/dev/mapper/vg00-lv00 on /mnt type ext2 (rw,relatime,seclabel)
5.查看挂载情况
[root@localhost mnt]# df -hT
文件系统 类型 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/sda3 xfs 48G 3.7G 44G 8% /
devtmpfs devtmpfs 906M 0 906M 0% /dev
tmpfs tmpfs 914M 80K 914M 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 914M 8.9M 905M 1% /run
tmpfs tmpfs 914M 0 914M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 xfs 497M 116M 382M 24% /boot
/dev/mapper/vg00-lv00 ext2 2.0G 3.0M 1.9G 1% /mnt
四.删除LVM分区
1.卸载正使用的逻辑卷
[root@localhost ~]# umount /mnt/
2.查看是否卸载
[root@localhost ~]# df -hT
文件系统 类型 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/sda3 xfs 48G 3.7G 44G 8% /
devtmpfs devtmpfs 906M 0 906M 0% /dev
tmpfs tmpfs 914M 80K 914M 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 914M 8.9M 905M 1% /run
tmpfs tmpfs 914M 0 914M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 xfs 497M 116M 382M 24% /boot
3.删除逻辑卷
[root@localhost ~]# lvremove /dev/vg00/lv00
Do you really want to remove active logical volume lv00? [y/n]: y
Logical volume "lv00" successfully removed
4.删除卷组
[root@localhost ~]# vgremove vg00
Volume group "vg00" successfully removed
5.删除物理卷
[root@localhost ~]# pvremove /dev/sdb
Labels on physical volume "/dev/sdb" successfully wiped
6.查看结果
[root@localhost ~]# pvs
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sdc lvm2 a-- 5.00g 5.00g
[root@localhost ~]# lvs
No volume groups found
[root@localhost ~]# vgs
No volume groups found
五.扩展逻辑卷
1.逻辑卷挂在
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/vg00/lv00 /mnt
2.查看VG是否有空闲的空间
[root@localhost ~]# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name vg00
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 2
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 1
Open LV 1
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 9.99 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 2558
Alloc PE / Size 512 / 2.00 GiB
Free PE / Size 2046 / 7.99 GiB
VG UUID ccucSA-I3w9-Tt4N-Dqxi-LnpR-hOnG-hm4cdz
3.扩展逻辑卷
[root@localhost ~]# lvextend -L +1G /dev/vg00/lv00 #+1G表示原有 的空间再增加1G
Extending logical volume lv00 to 3.00 GiB
Logical volume lv00 successfully resized
4.查看结果
扩展前： [root@localhost ~]# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
lv00 vg00 -wi-a----- 2.00g
扩展后： [root@localhost ~]# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
lv00 vg00 -wi-ao---- 3.00g
5.查看挂在情况
[root@localhost ~]# df -hT
文件系统 类型 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/sda3 xfs 48G 3.7G 44G 8% /
devtmpfs devtmpfs 906M 0 906M 0% /dev
tmpfs tmpfs 914M 80K 914M 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 914M 8.9M 905M 1% /run
tmpfs tmpfs 914M 0 914M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 xfs 497M 116M 382M 24% /boot
/dev/mapper/vg00-lv00 ext2 2.0G 3.0M 1.9G 1% /mnt #没有变化？
6.更新文件系统
[root@localhost ~]# resize2fs /dev/vg00/lv00
resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem at /dev/vg00/lv00 is mounted on /mnt; on-line resizing required
old_desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 1
The filesystem on /dev/vg00/lv00 is now 786432 blocks long.
7.再查看挂在情况
[root@localhost ~]# df -hT
文件系统 类型 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/sda3 xfs 48G 3.7G 44G 8% /
devtmpfs devtmpfs 906M 0 906M 0% /dev
tmpfs tmpfs 914M 80K 914M 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 914M 8.9M 905M 1% /run
tmpfs tmpfs 914M 0 914M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 xfs 497M 116M 382M 24% /boot
/dev/mapper/vg00-lv00 ext2 3.0G 3.0M 2.8G 1% /mnt #已扩展成功
六.扩展卷祖
1.添加到VG中的硬盘格式化为PV
[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdd
Physical volume "/dev/sdd" successfully created
2.查看情况
[root@localhost ~]# pvs
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sdb vg00 lvm2 a-- 5.00g 2.00g
/dev/sdc vg00 lvm2 a-- 5.00g 5.00g
/dev/sdd lvm2 a-- 5.00g 5.00g #/dev/sdd磁盘还未加入到卷组中
3.将新的PV添加到指定的VG中
[root@localhost ~]# vgextend vg00 /dev/sdd
Volume group "vg00" successfully extended
4.查看VG的信息
[root@localhost ~]# vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
vg00 3 1 0 wz--n- 14.99g 11.99g
[root@localhost ~]# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name vg00
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 3
Metadata Sequence No 4
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 1
Open LV 1
Max PV 0
Cur PV 3
Act PV 3
VG Size 14.99 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 3837
Alloc PE / Size 768 / 3.00 GiB
Free PE / Size 3069 / 11.99 GiB
VG UUID ccucSA-I3w9-Tt4N-Dqxi-LnpR-hOnG-hm4cdz
七.缩小逻辑卷
1.先卸载已经挂载的逻辑卷
[root@localhost ~]# umount /mnt/
2.查看当前逻辑卷空间的大小
[root@localhost ~]# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
lv00 vg00 -wi-a----- 3.00g
3.将逻辑卷文件系统缩小到1G
[root@localhost ~]# e2fsck -f /dev/vg00/lv00 #先使用e2fsck检查文件系统
e2fsck 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
第一步: 检查inode,块,和大小
第二步: 检查目录结构
第3步: 检查目录连接性
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
第5步: 检查簇概要信息
/dev/vg00/lv00: 11/196608 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 13116/786432 blocks
[root@localhost ~]# resize2fs /dev/vg00/lv00 1G #再使用resize2fs缩小逻辑卷的文件系统
resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Resizing the filesystem on /dev/vg00/lv00 to 262144 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/vg00/lv00 is now 262144 blocks long.
4.缩小LV
[root@localhost ~]# lvreduce -L -2G /dev/vg00/lv00 #上面文件系统缩小到1G，而lV实际有3G,所以这里减少2G空间就等于缩小到1G空间了。
WARNING: Reducing active logical volume to 1.00 GiB
THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystem etc.)
Do you really want to reduce lv00? [y/n]: y
Reducing logical volume lv00 to 1.00 GiB
Logical volume lv00 successfully resized
5.查看结果
[root@localhost ~]# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
lv00 vg00 -wi-a----- 1.00g
6.重新挂载缩小后的逻辑卷
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/vg00/lv00 /mnt
[root@localhost ~]# df -hT
文件系统 类型 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/sda3 xfs 48G 3.7G 44G 8% /
devtmpfs devtmpfs 906M 0 906M 0% /dev
tmpfs tmpfs 914M 80K 914M 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 914M 8.9M 905M 1% /run
tmpfs tmpfs 914M 0 914M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 xfs 497M 116M 382M 24% /boot
/dev/mapper/vg00-lv00 ext2 1008M 2.6M 942M 1% /mnt
八.缩小卷组
1.卸载逻辑卷
[root@localhost ~]# umount /mnt/
[root@localhost ~]# df -hT
文件系统 类型 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/sda3 xfs 48G 3.7G 44G 8% /
devtmpfs devtmpfs 906M 0 906M 0% /dev
tmpfs tmpfs 914M 80K 914M 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 914M 8.9M 905M 1% /run
tmpfs tmpfs 914M 0 914M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 xfs 497M 116M 382M 24% /boot
2.查看卷组中的PV数量
[root@localhost ~]# pvs
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sdb vg00 lvm2 a-- 5.00g 4.00g
/dev/sdc vg00 lvm2 a-- 5.00g 5.00g
/dev/sdd vg00 lvm2 a-- 5.00g 5.00g
注意：如果PV正在使用中，那么PV就移除不了。
3.移除PV
[root@localhost ~]# vgreduce vg00 /dev/sdd
Removed "/dev/sdd" from volume group "vg00"
4.查看当前卷组信息
[root@localhost ~]# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name vg00
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 6
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 1
Open LV 0
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 9.99 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 2558
Alloc PE / Size 256 / 1.00 GiB
Free PE / Size 2302 / 8.99 GiB
VG UUID ccucSA-I3w9-Tt4N-Dqxi-LnpR-hOnG-hm4cdz
[root@localhost ~]# pvs
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sdb vg00 lvm2 a-- 5.00g 4.00g
/dev/sdc vg00 lvm2 a-- 5.00g 5.00g
/dev/sdd lvm2 a-- 5.00g 5.00g
5.删除PV
[root@localhost ~]# pvremove /dev/sdd
Labels on physical volume "/dev/sdd" successfully wiped
6.查看结果
[root@localhost ~]# pvs
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sdb vg00 lvm2 a-- 5.00g 4.00g
/dev/sdc vg00 lvm2 a-- 5.00g 5.00g
转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/wjb10000/1788360
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