LVM实战案例

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-02 10:39:33 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-07-02 10:39:33 发布

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原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/peenboo/2090376

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一、LVM中pv创建，vg创建，lv 创建，lv格式化，lv挂载

（1）创建pv，包含 /dev/sde /dev/sdf /dev/sdg

（2）根据pv 创建vg

（3）在Oraclevg上创建LV

（4）对lvoracle 进行格式化

（5）将lvoracle 挂载到/ora01

（6）设置开机自启动

（7）测试自动启动配置

二、LVM扩容（本次扩容需要对pv,vg,lv等进行扩容）

（1）查看所需扩容的/ora01的空间情况

（2）查看当前vg大小，空闲空间小于5G

（3）加载磁盘，并查看磁盘情况

（4）将新添加的磁盘加入物理卷中

（5）将新建物理卷对卷组进行扩容

（6）在卷组上对逻辑卷进行扩容

（7）重新设置逻辑卷大大小

（8）检查逻辑卷扩容是否已经加载

三、Lvm 空间缩减（本次扩容需要对pv,vg,lv等进行空间缩减）

（1）卸载需要空间缩减的分区

（2）重置该lv的大小

（3）将该lvoracle 空间减少5G

（4）挂载分区并查看分区大小

（5）查看卷组大小

（6）对卷组进行空间缩减

（7）查看卷组并删除从卷组中移除的pvs

四、删除LV，删除VG，删除PV

（1）查看vg信息，lv信息及磁盘信息

（2）卸载分区

（3）从卷组oraclevg中删除逻辑卷lvoracle

（4）删除卷组oraclevg

（5）删除物理卷

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一、LVM中pv创建，vg创建，lv 创建，lv格式化，lv挂载

[root@db01 /]# fdisk -l |grep "Disk /dev/sd" ###查看当前所加载磁盘

Disk /dev/sda: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes

Disk /dev/sdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes

Disk /dev/sdc: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes

Disk /dev/sdd: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes

Disk /dev/sde: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes

Disk /dev/sdf: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes

Disk /dev/sdg: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes

Disk /dev/sdh: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes

【创建步骤】

先使用dev/sde dev/sdf dev/sdg 演示LVM的创建，再使用/dev/sdh进行扩容

（1）先使用dev/sde ， dev/sdf ，dev/sdg 创建PV

（2）其次根据刚创建的PV创建VG

（3）从刚创建的VG中划出LV

---------------------------------------------------------------------

（1）创建pv，包含 /dev/sde /dev/sdf /dev/sdg

[root@db01 /]# pvcreate /dev/sde /dev/sdf /dev/sdg

Physical volume "/dev/sde" successfully created

Physical volume "/dev/sdf" successfully created

Physical volume "/dev/sdg" successfully created

[root@db01 /]# pvs ###查看pv的信息

PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree

/dev/sde lvm2 a-- 2.00g 2.00g

/dev/sdf lvm2 a-- 2.00g 2.00g

/dev/sdg lvm2 a-- 2.00g 2.00g

[root@db01 /]#

[root@db01 /]# pvdisplay ###查看pv相关属性

"/dev/sde" is a new physical volume of "2.00 GiB" ###物理卷 /dev/sde的信息

--- NEW Physical volume ---

PV Name /dev/sde ##物理卷名称

VG Name ##卷组名称

PV Size 2.00 GiB ###物理卷 /dev/sde 大小

Allocatable NO ###分配情况，NO：未分配 Yes：已分配

PE Size 0 ###PE 物理扩展大小，为0 表示还未创建vg

Total PE 0 ###总PE数量

Free PE 0 ###空闲PE数量

Allocated PE 0 ###分配PE数量

PV UUID ycc95W-fTpg-toEV-DqPI-4qun-FcDr-tukLcL ###PV的标识

"/dev/sdf" is a new physical volume of "2.00 GiB"

--- NEW Physical volume ---

PV Name /dev/sdf

VG Name

PV Size 2.00 GiB

Allocatable NO

PE Size 0

Total PE 0

Free PE 0

Allocated PE 0

PV UUID VfAa2h-Ubkp-7S1F-927g-buPO-UPXY-9eRHMu

"/dev/sdg" is a new physical volume of "2.00 GiB"

--- NEW Physical volume ---

PV Name /dev/sdg

VG Name

PV Size 2.00 GiB

Allocatable NO

PE Size 0

Total PE 0

Free PE 0

Allocated PE 0

PV UUID Cc2Zm7-iSUO-P7T1-5vtm-rGRO-TdPB-huDMLm

（2）根据pv 创建vg

[root@db01 /]# vgcreate oraclevg /dev/sde /dev/sdf /dev/sdg

Volume group "oraclevg" successfully created

[root@db01 /]#

[root@db01 /]# vgs ###查看vg的信息

VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree

oraclevg 3 0 0 wz--n- 5.99g 5.99g

[root@db01 /]#

[root@db01 /]# vgdisplay ###查看vg相关属性

--- Volume group ---

VG Name oraclevg ###vg 名称

System ID

Format lvm2 ###vg 格式

Metadata Areas 3 ### 组成vg的pv数

Metadata Sequence No 1

VG Access read/write

VG Status resizable

MAX LV 0

Cur LV 0 ###创建的LV数量

Open LV 0

Max PV 0

Cur PV 3 ### 组成vg的pv数

Act PV 3

VG Size 5.99 GiB ###vg 的容量大小

PE Size 4.00 MiB ### PE大小

Total PE 1533 ###总PE数量

Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0 ###已分配PE数量

Free PE / Size 1533 / 5.99 GiB ###空闲PE数量

VG UUID izNwjZ-XBiO-UVVl-y3H6-kvM4-gFUy-CXiaD1 ###vg标识符

（3）在Oraclevg上创建LV

[root@db01 /]# lvcreate -n lvoracle -L 2G oraclevg

Logical volume "lvoracle" created

[root@db01 /]# lvdisplay

--- Logical volume ---

LV Path /dev/oraclevg/lvoracle

LV Name lvoracle

VG Name oraclevg

LV UUID Npy07F-TV79-hMIE-fn7j-zboc-u63a-08iRah

LV Write Access read/write

LV Creation host, time db01, 2017-11-21 12:32:31 +0800

LV Status available

# open 0

LV Size 2.00 GiB

Current LE 512

Segments 2

Allocation inherit

Read ahead sectors auto

- currently set to 256

Block device 253:0

（4）对lvoracle 进行格式化

[root@db01 /]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/oraclevg/lvoracle

mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

Filesystem label=

OS type: Linux

Block size=4096 (log=2)

Fragment size=4096 (log=2)

Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks

131072 inodes, 524288 blocks

26214 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

First data block=0

Maximum filesystem blocks=536870912

16 block groups

32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group

8192 inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks:

32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912

Writing inode tables: done

Creating journal (16384 blocks): done

Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 26 mounts or

180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

（5）将lvoracle 挂载到/ora01

[root@db01 /]# mkdir /ora01

[root@db01 /]# mount /dev/oraclevg/lvoracle /ora01/

[root@db01 /]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda3 45G 4.4G 39G 11% /

tmpfs 1004M 0 1004M 0% /dev/shm

/dev/sda1 485M 39M 421M 9% /boot

/dev/sdb2 79G 184M 75G 1% /oracle

/dev/sdb1 20G 172M 19G 1% /soft

/dev/sdd1 1007M 18M 939M 2% /alexpeng

/dev/mapper/oraclevg-lvoracle 2.0G 67M 1.9G 4% /ora01

[root@db01 /]#

（6）设置开机自启动

[root@db01 /]# vi /etc/fstab

UUID=3e8b0960-23d2-48f3-8661-3f24ce85e9e6 / ext4 defaults 1 1

.....

sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0

proc /proc proc defaults 0 0

/dev/sdd1 /alexpeng ext4 defaults 0 0

/dev/oraclevg/lvoracle /ora01 ext4 defaults 0 0

（7）测试自动启动配置

[root@db01 /]# umount /ora01

[root@db01 /]# mount /ora01

[root@db01 /]#

[root@db01 /]# cd /ora01/

[root@db01 ora01]# ls

lost+found

[root@db01 ora01]# mkdir -p test/{t1,t2}

[root@db01 ora01]#

[root@db01 ora01]# cd test/t1/

[root@db01 t1]# touch 1

[root@db01 t1]# ls

二、LVM扩容（本次扩容需要对pv,vg,lv等进行扩容）

【需求】 /ora01 需要扩容5G

（1）查看所需扩容的/ora01的空间情况

[root@db01 test]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda3 45G 4.4G 39G 11% /

tmpfs 1004M 0 1004M 0% /dev/shm

/dev/sda1 485M 39M 421M 9% /boot

/dev/sdb2 79G 184M 75G 1% /oracle

/dev/sdb1 20G 172M 19G 1% /soft

/dev/sdd1 1007M 18M 939M 2% /alexpeng

/dev/mapper/oraclevg-lvoracle 2.0G 68M 1.9G 4% /ora01

（2）查看当前vg大小，空闲空间小于5G

[root@db01 test]# vgs

VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree

oraclevg 3 1 0 wz--n- 5.99g 3.99g

[root@db01 /]# vgdisplay

--- Volume group ---

VG Name oraclevg

System ID

Format lvm2

Metadata Areas 3

Metadata Sequence No 2

VG Access read/write

VG Status resizable

MAX LV 0

Cur LV 1

Open LV 1

Max PV 0

Cur PV 3

Act PV 3

VG Size 5.99 GiB

PE Size 4.00 MiB

Total PE 1533

Alloc PE / Size 512 / 2.00 GiB

Free PE / Size 1021 / 3.99 GiB

VG UUID izNwjZ-XBiO-UVVl-y3H6-kvM4-gFUy-CXiaD1

（3）加载磁盘，并查看磁盘情况

[root@db01 /]# fdisk -l |grep "Disk /dev/sd"

WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sdd'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted.'

Disk /dev/sda: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes

Disk /dev/sdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes

Disk /dev/sdc: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes

Disk /dev/sdd: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes

Disk /dev/sde: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes

Disk /dev/sdf: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes

Disk /dev/sdg: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes

Disk /dev/sdh: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes

（4）将新添加的磁盘加入物理卷中

[root@db01 /]# pvcreate /dev/sdh

Physical volume "/dev/sdh" successfully created

[root@db01 /]#

[root@db01 /]# pvs

PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree

/dev/sde oraclevg lvm2 a-- 2.00g 0

/dev/sdf oraclevg lvm2 a-- 2.00g 1.99g

/dev/sdg oraclevg lvm2 a-- 2.00g 2.00g

/dev/sdh lvm2 a-- 2.00g 2.00g

（5）将新建物理卷对卷组进行扩容

[root@db01 /]# vgextend oraclevg /dev/sdh

Volume group "oraclevg" successfully extended

[root@db01 /]#

[root@db01 /]# vgs

VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree

oraclevg 4 1 0 wz--n- 7.98g 5.98g

（6）在卷组上对逻辑卷进行扩容

[root@db01 /]# lvs

LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert

lvoracle oraclevg -wi-ao---- 2.00g

[root@db01 /]# lvextend -L +5G /dev/oraclevg/lvoracle ###在lvoracle上扩容5G

Extending logical volume lvoracle to 7.00 GiB

Logical volume lvoracle successfully resized

[root@db01 /]#

[root@db01 /]# lvs

LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert

lvoracle oraclevg -wi-ao---- 7.00g

（7）重新设置逻辑卷大大小

[root@db01 /]# resize2fs /dev/oraclevg/lvoracle

resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

Filesystem at /dev/oraclevg/lvoracle is mounted on /ora01; on-line resizing required

old desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 1

Performing an on-line resize of /dev/oraclevg/lvoracle to 1835008 (4k) blocks.

The filesystem on /dev/oraclevg/lvoracle is now 1835008 blocks long.

（8）检查逻辑卷扩容是否已经加载

[root@db01 /]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda3 45G 4.4G 39G 11% /

tmpfs 1004M 0 1004M 0% /dev/shm

/dev/sda1 485M 39M 421M 9% /boot

/dev/sdb2 79G 184M 75G 1% /oracle

/dev/sdb1 20G 172M 19G 1% /soft

/dev/sdd1 1007M 18M 939M 2% /alexpeng

/dev/mapper/oraclevg-lvoracle 6.9G 69M 6.5G 2% /ora01

三、Lvm 空间缩减（本次扩容需要对pv,vg,lv等进行空间缩减）

（1）卸载需要空间缩减的分区

[root@db01 /]# umount /ora01

[root@db01 /]#

（2）重置该lv的大小

[root@db01 /]# resize2fs /dev/oraclevg/lvoracle 2G

resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

Please run 'e2fsck -f /dev/oraclevg/lvoracle' first.

[root@db01 /]# e2fsck -f /dev/oraclevg/lvoracle ### 重置前需要e2fsck命令进行检查

e2fsck 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes

Pass 2: Checking directory structure

Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity

Pass 4: Checking reference counts

Pass 5: Checking group summary information

/dev/oraclevg/lvoracle: 15/458752 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 46338/1835008 blocks

[root@db01 /]#

[root@db01 /]# resize2fs /dev/oraclevg/lvoracle 2G

resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

Resizing the filesystem on /dev/oraclevg/lvoracle to 524288 (4k) blocks.

The filesystem on /dev/oraclevg/lvoracle is now 524288 blocks long.

（3）将该lvoracle 空间减少5G

[root@db01 /]# lvreduce -L -5G /dev/oraclevg/lvoracle

WARNING: Reducing active logical volume to 2.00 GiB

THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystem etc.)

Do you really want to reduce lvoracle? [y/n]: y

Reducing logical volume lvoracle to 2.00 GiB

Logical volume lvoracle successfully resized

（4）挂载分区并查看分区大小

[root@db01 /]# mount /ora01

[root@db01 /]#

[root@db01 /]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda3 45G 4.4G 39G 11% /

tmpfs 1004M 0 1004M 0% /dev/shm

/dev/sda1 485M 39M 421M 9% /boot

/dev/sdb2 79G 184M 75G 1% /oracle

/dev/sdb1 20G 172M 19G 1% /soft

/dev/sdd1 1007M 18M 939M 2% /alexpeng

/dev/mapper/oraclevg-lvoracle 2.0G 68M 1.9G 4% /ora01

[root@db01 /]# lvs

LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert

lvoracle oraclevg -wi-ao---- 2.00g

（5）查看卷组大小

[root@db01 /]# vgs

VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree

oraclevg 4 1 0 wz--n- 7.98g 5.98g

[root@db01 /]#

[root@db01 /]# umount /ora01 ##卸载/ora01

[root@db01 /]#

（6）对卷组进行空间缩减

[root@db01 /]# vgreduce oraclevg /dev/sdh

Removed "/dev/sdh" from volume group "oraclevg"

[root@db01 /]#

（7）查看卷组并删除从卷组中移除的pvs

[root@db01 /]# pvs

PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree

/dev/sde oraclevg lvm2 a-- 2.00g 0

/dev/sdf oraclevg lvm2 a-- 2.00g 1.99g

/dev/sdg oraclevg lvm2 a-- 2.00g 2.00g

/dev/sdh lvm2 a-- 2.00g 2.00g

[root@db01 /]# pvremove /dev/sdh

Labels on physical volume "/dev/sdh" successfully wiped

[root@db01 /]# pvs

PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree

/dev/sde oraclevg lvm2 a-- 2.00g 0

/dev/sdf oraclevg lvm2 a-- 2.00g 1.99g

/dev/sdg oraclevg lvm2 a-- 2.00g 2.00g

[root@db01 /]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda3 45G 4.4G 39G 11% /

tmpfs 1004M 0 1004M 0% /dev/shm

/dev/sda1 485M 39M 421M 9% /boot

/dev/sdb2 79G 184M 75G 1% /oracle

/dev/sdb1 20G 172M 19G 1% /soft

/dev/sdd1 1007M 18M 939M 2% /alexpeng

四、删除LV，删除VG，删除PV

（1）查看vg信息，lv信息及磁盘信息

[root@db01 /]# vgdisplay -v

[root@db01 /]# lvdisplay -v

[root@db01 /]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda3 45G 4.4G 39G 11% /

tmpfs 1004M 0 1004M 0% /dev/shm

/dev/sda1 485M 39M 421M 9% /boot

/dev/sdb2 79G 184M 75G 1% /oracle

/dev/sdb1 20G 172M 19G 1% /soft

/dev/sdd1 1007M 18M 939M 2% /alexpeng

/dev/mapper/oraclevg-lvoracle 2.0G 68M 1.9G 4% /ora01

（2）卸载分区

[root@db01 /]# umount /ora01

（3）从卷组oraclevg中删除逻辑卷lvoracle

[root@db01 /]# lvremove /dev/oraclevg/lvoracle

Do you really want to remove active logical volume lvoracle? [y/n]: y

Logical volume "lvoracle" successfully removed

（4）删除卷组oraclevg

[root@db01 /]# vgremove oraclevg

Volume group "oraclevg" successfully removed

[root@db01 /]#

[root@db01 /]# pvs

PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree

/dev/sde lvm2 a-- 2.00g 2.00g

/dev/sdf lvm2 a-- 2.00g 2.00g

/dev/sdg lvm2 a-- 2.00g 2.00g

（5）删除物理卷

[root@db01 /]# pvremove /dev/sdg /dev/sdf /dev/sde

Labels on physical volume "/dev/sdg" successfully wiped

Labels on physical volume "/dev/sdf" successfully wiped

Labels on physical volume "/dev/sde" successfully wiped

[root@db01 /]#

[root@db01 /]# pvs

转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/peenboo/2090376

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