PyQt5学习笔记-从主窗体打开一个子窗体
软件环境:
Eric6+Python3.5+PyQt5
试验目标:
1.点击菜单项Open,打开一个子窗体
2.点击按钮Open,打开一个子窗体
主窗体设计:
1、增加一个菜单项Open
2、增加一个按钮Open
子窗体设计:
1、只放一个按钮Exit
设计步骤
1、创建主窗体
启动Eric6,点击顶部菜单Project,点击New,给出Project Name,同时设置项目路径,然后点下面的OK按钮
2、点击如下图的1图标,然后点New form
3、Select a form type,选择Main Window
4.文件名,设置为mainWindow,保存后,则是MainWindow.ui
5、增加菜单,在窗体区域,点鼠标右键,点“创建菜单栏”,这里只增加一个主菜单项File,两个子菜单项Open和Exit
6、在窗体上放置一个按钮Open,从左侧栏找到push button,拖拽到窗体上,修改按钮属性,objectName:btn_Open,Text:Open
7、然后点左上角的保存按钮,关闭Qt Designer
8、增加第子窗体,参照前面第2步,点New form,然后Select a form type,选择Widget,文件名:ChildForm.ui
9、在这个子窗体上增加一个按钮Exit ,从左侧栏拖一个push button,调整按钮大小,修改属性,objectName:btn_Exit,Text:Exit
点左上角的保存按钮,保存这个窗体文件,然后关闭Qt Designer
10、编译窗体,从XXX.ui文件生成ui_XXX.py文件
依次选中这两个文件,点鼠标右键,点Compile form
点窗体左侧的页签图标,可以看到增加了两个文件:Ui_MainWindow.py、Ui_ChildForm.py
11、Ui_MainWindow.py和Ui_ChildForm.py是界面文件,下面增加业务逻辑文件
点页签图标,选中MainWindow.ui文件,点鼠标右键,点选Generate Dialog Code菜单项
12、点New 按钮,className 为MainWindow,然后点OK按钮
13、绑定槽函数,
1)、绑定菜单项槽函数,选择on_ActionXXX_triggered()
依次点开actionExit(QAction)、actionOpen(QAction),勾选onAction_Exit_triggered()、onAction_Open_triggered()
2)、绑定按钮槽函数,点开btn_Open(QPushButton),勾选on_btn_Open_clicked()
3)、给子窗体绑定槽函数,选中Ui_ChildForm.ui,点鼠标右键,选中Generate Dialog Code菜单项,className命名为ChildForm
勾选on_btn_Exit_clicked()
14、重新编译两个窗体文件
选中一个ui文件,然后点鼠标右键,点选Compile all forms,生成代码文件
点页签,则可以看到,系统新增了两个文件MainWindow.py和ChildForm.py
15、开始完善代码
双击MainWindow.py,打开这个文件,编辑代码,进行相应完善,项目启动,从MainWindow.py进行启动,需要实例化窗体界面类,包括主窗体和子窗体
修改内容:
1)、把.Ui_MainWindow前面的点号去掉,不然运行会报错
2)、导入子窗体
增加语句:from Ui_ChildForm import Ui_ChildForm
16、附相关文件的代码:
1)、MainWindow.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ Module implementing MainWindow. """ from PyQt5.QtCore import pyqtSlot from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMainWindow, QWidget from PyQt5 import QtWidgets from Ui_MainWindow import Ui_MainWindow from Ui_ChildForm import Ui_ChildForm class MainWindow(QMainWindow, Ui_MainWindow): """ Class documentation goes here. """ def __init__(self, parent=None): """ Constructor @param parent reference to the parent widget @type QWidget """ super(MainWindow, self).__init__(parent) self.setupUi(self) @pyqtSlot() def on_btn_Open_clicked(self): """ Slot documentation goes here. """ # TODO: not implemented yet #raise NotImplementedError ch.show() @pyqtSlot() def on_actionOpen_triggered(self): """ Slot documentation goes here. """ # TODO: not implemented yet #raise NotImplementedError ch.show() @pyqtSlot() def on_actionExit_triggered(self): """ Slot documentation goes here. """ # TODO: not implemented yet #raise NotImplementedError sys.exit(0) class ChildForm(QWidget, Ui_ChildForm): def __init__(self): #super(QWidget, self).__init__(parent) super(QWidget, self).__init__() self.setupUi(self) self.btn_Exit.clicked.connect(self.close) if __name__ == "__main__": import sys app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv) #实例化主窗体 mainForm = MainWindow() #显示主窗体 mainForm.show() #实例化子窗体 ch=ChildForm() sys.exit(app.exec_())
2)、Ui_MainWindow.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'C:\Work\Python\PyQt5\Test\MainWindow.ui' # # Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.6 # # WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost! from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets class Ui_MainWindow(object): def setupUi(self, MainWindow): MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow") MainWindow.resize(800, 600) self.centralWidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow) self.centralWidget.setObjectName("centralWidget") self.btn_Open = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralWidget) self.btn_Open.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(210, 120, 81, 31)) self.btn_Open.setObjectName("btn_Open") MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralWidget) self.menuBar = QtWidgets.QMenuBar(MainWindow) self.menuBar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 800, 23)) self.menuBar.setObjectName("menuBar") self.menuFile = QtWidgets.QMenu(self.menuBar) self.menuFile.setObjectName("menuFile") MainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menuBar) self.actionOpen = QtWidgets.QAction(MainWindow) self.actionOpen.setObjectName("actionOpen") self.actionExit = QtWidgets.QAction(MainWindow) self.actionExit.setObjectName("actionExit") self.menuFile.addAction(self.actionOpen) self.menuFile.addAction(self.actionExit) self.menuBar.addAction(self.menuFile.menuAction()) self.retranslateUi(MainWindow) QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow) def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow): _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow")) self.btn_Open.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Open")) self.menuFile.setTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "File")) self.actionOpen.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Open")) self.actionExit.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Exit")) if __name__ == "__main__": import sys app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv) MainWindow = QtWidgets.QMainWindow() ui = Ui_MainWindow() ui.setupUi(MainWindow) MainWindow.show() sys.exit(app.exec_())
3)、ChildForm.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ Module implementing ChildForm. """ from PyQt5.QtCore import pyqtSlot from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QWidget from Ui_ChildForm import Ui_Form class ChildForm(QWidget, Ui_Form): """ Class documentation goes here. """ def __init__(self, parent=None): """ Constructor @param parent reference to the parent widget @type QWidget """ super(ChildForm, self).__init__(parent) self.setupUi(self) @pyqtSlot() def on_btn_Exit_clicked(self): """ Slot documentation goes here. """ # TODO: not implemented yet raise NotImplementedError
4)、Ui_ChildForm.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'C:\Work\Python\PyQt5\Test\ChildForm.ui' # # Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.6 # # WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost! from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets class Ui_ChildForm(object): def setupUi(self, Form): Form.setObjectName("Form") Form.resize(400, 300) self.btn_Exit = QtWidgets.QPushButton(Form) self.btn_Exit.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(140, 110, 91, 41)) self.btn_Exit.setObjectName("btn_Exit") self.retranslateUi(Form) QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Form) def retranslateUi(self, Form): _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate Form.setWindowTitle(_translate("Form", "Form")) self.btn_Exit.setText(_translate("Form", "Exit")) if __name__ == "__main__": import sys app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv) Form = QtWidgets.QWidget() ui = Ui_ChildForm() ui.setupUi(Form) Form.show() sys.exit(app.exec_())
本示例测试可以运行:
运行,点击顶部的运行图标
设置运行使用的Python解释器及命令行,Python 本项目MainWindow.py的路径,点OK按钮
运行结果:
点菜单项里的Open或点Open按钮,则弹出子窗体
点子窗体里的Exit按钮,则关闭子窗体
代码下载,百度网盘分享:
https://pan.baidu.com/s/1LzUVY2uPggEktCtACwC-JQ
提取码:i0qq