有一次使用MySQL的时候,莫名其妙地出现root用户Access denied,后来查了相关资料,是用户权限的问题,所以顺便就熟悉了一下SQL的grant语法。
环境:
Server: ser1(with MySQL Server)
Client: cli1(with MySQL Client)
问题:
cli1#mysql -h ser1 -u root -p
Enter password:
ERROR 1045: Access denied for user: 'root@ser1' (Using password: NO)
原因:
在cli1上的用户usr没有连接ser1上MySQL的权限,可以通过如下的方式确认:
cli1#mysql -h ser1 -u root -p (默认的root用户没有设置密码)
Enter password: (直接Enter)
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4 to server version: 4.0.20a-debug
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.
mysql> use mysql; (此DB存放MySQL的各种配置信息)
Database changed
mysql> select host,user from user; (查看用户的权限情况)
+-------------+-------+
| host | user |
+-------------+-------+
| build | |
| build | root |
| localhost | |
| localhost | root |
+-------------+-------+
6 rows in set (0.02 sec)
由此可以看出,ser1上的root用户只能从localhost(ser1)上连接,而对于cli1,只能增加cli1上的root访问权限。
解决方法:
mysql> Grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '' with grant option;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec) (%表示是所有的外部机器,如果指定某一台机,就将%改为相应的机器名)
mysql> flush privileges; (运行为句才生效,或者重启MySQL)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql>exit
现在再试试:
cli1#mysql -h ser1 -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9 to server version: 4.0.20a-debug
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.
mysql>
就成功连接上了。
补充:
若删除用户的权限,用如下的语法:
mysql> show grants for 'user_name';
mysql> revoke all privileges on *.* from 'user_name';
mysql> revoke grant option on *.* from 'user_name';
(4.1版本后的可以用drop user语句,更方便。)