Cloud's SCWCD 1.4 筆記
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1:The Servelt Technology Model |
1. | HttpServlet class:
public class MyServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void init() throws ServletException { } //只執行一次
protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { } // 如果被overwrite時有可能不會呼叫doXXX()的method,要留意題意的陷阱
protected void doXXX(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { } // XXX代表Get,Post...etc //不見的程式中一定要寫這個method,不寫的話它會繼承GeneralServlet.doXXX()
public void destroy() { } //只執行一次
}
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2. | Http的method POST method可用來處理上傳檔案的問題。 OPTIONS method可以列出目前處理的HTTP method為何(ex:TRACE,GET,POST)。 GET、PUT、HEAD method有idempotent的特質。 |
3. | HTML FORM預設使用 HTTP GET request |
4. | ServletResponse的method void setContentType(String type) PrintWriter getWriter() //取得 response 的 text stream 傳送字元資料 ServletOutputStream getOutputStream() //取得 response 的 binary stream 傳送任何資料
HttpServletResponse的method void addHeader(String headerName, String value) void addIntHeader(String headerName, int value) void addDateHeader(String headerName, long millisecs) void sendRedirect(String newURL) void sendError(int status_code) void sendError(int status_code, String Message) void setStatus(int sc) void setStatus(int sc, String Message) void addCookie(Cookie cookie) //輸入的參數型別是Cookie,要留意題意的陷阱
跟HTTP protocal相關的method屬於HttpServletResponse,其它的methods通通是屬於ServletResponse |
5. | ServletRequest的method String getParameter(String paramName) String[] getParameterValues(String param) Enumeration getParameterNames() BufferedReader getReader() //取得 request 的 text stream 可用來接收表單上傳的文字檔案 ServletInputStream getIutputStream() //取得 request 的 binary stream 可用來接收表單上傳的任何檔案
HttpServletRequest的method String getHeader(String headerName) int getIntHeader(String name) long getDateHeader(String name) Enumeration getHeaders(String name) Enumeration getHeaderNames() Enumeration getHeaderValues(String headerName) public Cookie [] getCookies() //傳回的是Cookie的陣列,要留意題意的陷阱
跟HTTP protocal相關的method屬於HttpServletRequest,其它的methods通通是屬於ServletRequest |
6. | Servlet life-cycle: Load class --> Creates instance of class --> calling the init method --> calling the service method --> calling the doXXX method --> calling the destroy method |
7. | 繼承GenericServlet的class必需實作service() method 繼承HttpServlet的class可以不實作service()、doXXX() method |
2: The Structure and Deployment of Web Applications |
1. | 要背web.xml中紅字部份的義意與用法 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee [url]http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd[/url]” version=”2.4”>
<display-name>A Simple Application</display-name> <context-param> <param-name>Webmaster</param-name> <param-value>[email]webmaster@mycorp.com[/email]</param-value> </context-param>
<jsp-config> <taglib> <taglib-uri>...</taglib-uri> <taglib-location>...</taglib-location> </taglib> <jsp-property-group> <url-pattern>...</url-pattern> <el-ignored>true/false</el-ignored> //設成true時,JSP若有EL expression會被當作純文字來處理 <scripting-invalid>true/false</scripting-invalid> //設成true時,JSP若有scripting的語法會使JSP在Compile成Servlet時產生translation error <include-prelude>...</include-prelude> <include-code>...</include-coda> <is-xml>true/false</is-xml> </jsp-property-group> </jsp-config>
<servlet> <servlet-name>catalog</servlet-name> <servlet-class>com.mycorp.CatalogServlet</servlet-class> or <jsp-file>/test.jsp</jsp-file> <init-param> <param-name>catalog</param-name> <param-value>Spring</param-value> </init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
<security-role-ref> <role-name>MGR</role-name> <role-link>manager</role-link> </security-role-ref> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>catalog</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.*</url-pattern> //要了解url-pattern的設定方式 </servlet-mapping>
<security-role> <role-name>manager</role-name> </security-role>
<security-constraint> <web-resource-collection> <web-resource-name>SalesInfo</web-resource-name> <url-pattern>/salesinfo/*</url-pattern> <http-method>GET</http-method> //可以0到多個<http-method>,當0個時,代表外界沒有人可以用http的方法存取設限的資料(其餘方法如forward,include可被內部程式叫用) </web-resource-collection> <auth-constraint> <role-name>manager</role-name> //可以0到多個<role-name>或是設成"*",當設成"*"時所有人都可以存取,當設成<auth-constraint/>,沒有人可以存取 </auth-constraint> <user-data-constraint> <transport-guarantee>NONE/CONFIDENTIAL/INTEGRAL</transport-guarantee> //
NONE
implies HTTP;
CONFIDENTIAL
,
INTEGRAL
imply HTTPS </user-data-constraint> </security-constraint>
<login-config> <auth-method>
BASIC/FORM/DIGEST/CLIENT-CERT
</auth-method> //當<auth-method>為FORM時才需設定<form-login-config> <form-login-config> <form-login-page>/formlogin.html</form-login-page> <form-error-page>/formerror.html</form-error-page> </form-login-config> //當<auth-method>為FORM時才需設定<form-login-config> </login-config>
<session-config> <session-timeout>30</session-timeout> //單位是分鐘,當值 <= 0 時表示不會自動 timeout </session-config>
<mime-mapping> <extension>pdf</extension> <mime-type>application/pdf</mime-type> </mime-mapping>
<welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> //一個至多個<welcome-file>,被叫用時照設定時的先後順序 </welcome-file-list>
<error-page> <error-code>404</error-code> or <exception-type>...</exception-type> <location>/404.html</location> </error-page>
<filter> <filter-name>Example Filter</filter-name> <filter-class>examples.ExampleFilter</filter-class> </filter>
<filter-mapping> <filter-name>Example Filter</filter-name> <servlet-name>FilterMe.jsp</servlet-name> or <url-pattern>/myContext/*</url-pattern> //<url-pattern>的優先權高於<servlet-name> <dispatcher>REQUEST/INCLUDE/FORWARD/ERROR</dispatcher> //一個至多個<dispatcher> </filter-mapping>
<listener> <listener-class>Listener 的類別名稱</listener-class> //一個至多個<listener-class>,要注意多個listener時的寫法 </listener> <listener> <listener-class>Listener 的類別名稱</listener-class> </listener> </web-app>
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2. | 要了解Web application的檔案目錄架構(ex:/WEB-INF/裡可以放那些東西...etc) |
3: The Web Container Model |
1. | 只有request scope的資料在傳送時是thread safe |
2. | Filter class public class TimingFilter implements Filter { public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException { }
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws ServletException,IOException { chain.doFilter(request, response); //這行的程式非必填的程式碼,也可以不寫 }
public void destroy() { } } |
3. | listener class 分成三類:ServletContextListener,HttpSessionListener,ServletRequestListener 注意Method的不同處:HttpSessionListener.sessionCreated(...),ServletContextListener.contextInitialized(...),ServletRequestListener.requestInitialized(...) |
4. | attribute listener class 分成三類,名稱上相似:都叫XXXAttributeListener 提供的Method名稱一樣:attributeAdded(...),attributeRemoved(...),attributeReplaced(...) |
5. | HttpSessionAttributeListener.某個Method(HttpSessionBindingEvent e) HttpSessionBindingListener.某個Method(HttpSessionBindingEvent e) 二者輸入參數的型別都必為HttpSessionBindingEvent |
6. | HttpSessionBindingListener的使用不需在web.xml裡作宣告 ,要很清楚HttpSessionBindingListener的使用方式 |
7. | listener本身是個Interface,所以可以實作一個class繼承多個不同的listener |
8. | HttpSessionActivationListener被使用在多個JVM的環境下 |
9. | RequestDispatcher rd=request.getRequestDispatcher(相對或絕對路徑) RequestDispatcher rd=getServletContext().getRequestDispatcher(絕對路徑) //如果設成相對路徑還是可以Compile,return值是null |
10. | RequestDispatcher ServletRequest.getRequestDispatcher(String path) //來自ServletRequest,不是HttpServletRequest RequestDispatcher ServletContext.getRequestDispatcher(String path) |
4: Session Management |
1. | HttpSession的method Object getAttribute(String name) void setAttribute(String name, Object value) void removeAttribute(String name) Enumeration getAttributeNames() void invalidate() boolean isNew() void setMaxInactiveInterval(int seconds) //單位是秒,當值 < 0 時表示不會自動 timeout |
2. | HttpServletRequest.getSession(false)在取得HttpSession時,如果HttpSession不存在,不會自動產生,會return null |
3. | Sesssion tracking mechanisms:Cookies,SSL Sessions,URL Rewriting |
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4. | HttpServletResponse的URL rewriting Method String encodeURL(String url) String encodeRedirectURL(String url) |
5: Web Application Security |
1. | Web Application Security的特質有四種: (a)authentication(認証) (b)authorization(授權) (c)data integrity(資料完整性):指資料從發送方傳送到接收方,在傳送過程中資料不會被篡改。 (d)confidentiality(私密性):指除了資料接收方以外,其他人不會存取到這個敏感性資訊的能力及權限。 |
2. | HttpServletRequest中與驗証使用者相關的Method String getRemoteUser() java.security.Principal getUserPrincipal() boolean isUserInRole(String role) |
3. | Authentication types有下列四種 BASIC:傳輸的資料不加密(不安全),不需自訂輸入帳號與密碼的Form(Browser會pop up一個輸入的表單) DIGEST:傳輸的資料加密(安全),不需自訂輸入帳號與密碼的Form(Browser會pop up一個輸入的表單) FORM:傳輸的資料不加密(不安全),要自訂輸入帳號與密碼的Form CLIENT-CERT:用Public Key Certificate的機制(安全) |
6: The JavaServer Pages (JSP) Technology Model |
1. |
Elements |
語 法
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描 述
| TEMPLATE TEXT | 要輸出"<%"則須寫"<\%"來 | Any text that is not JSP "code"; usually HTML or XML | SCRIPTING | comments | <%-- 註解內容 --%> | A JSP comment. 撰寫JSP的註解文字 | directives | <%@ 標準指令 %> | A JSP directive. 設定JSP網頁整體組態 (6.2) | declarations | <%! 宣告式 %> | A Java declaration that becomes part of the servlet class. 宣告JSP內所使用的變數或方法 | scriptlets | <% 程式碼 %> | Java code that is inserted in the jspService method. 撰寫任何JAVA程式碼 | expressions | <%= 運算式 %> | Java code that generates text printed to the response stream. 相當於out.print(運算式); | ACTIONS/TAGS | <jsp:動作項目 屬性="值"/> | XML-based tags that perform dynamic actions while generating the response. There are three fundamental variations: 1. An emtpy tag. Notice the '/' at the end of the tag. <my:tag attr='value' />
2. A tag with a body. <my:tag> <%-- JSP code --%> </my:tag>
3. Nested tags, use standard HTML/XML nesting rules. <my:tag1> <my:tag2>...</my:tag2> </my:tag1>
目的在減少JAVA程式碼 | EXPRESSION LANGUAGE | ${ EL-expr } | A rich language for generating "presentation content". '${' is the opening token of an EL expression and '}' is the closing token. |
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2. |
JSP SCRIPTING DIRECTIVE | 範例 | page | <%@page import="java.text.*,java.io.*" session="false" contentType="text/html" isELIgnored="true" %> | include | <%@include file="tra.jsp" %> | taglib | <%@taglib prefix="myTag" uri="http://localhost:8080/taglib" %> ( prefix不可使用 jsp、jspx、java、servlet、sun、sunw) <%@ taglib prefix="tags" tagdir="/WEB-INF/tags" %> (使用tag file時才要用tagdir的屬性) |
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3. |
語 法 比 較 | SCRIPTING LANUAGE | XML-based document | DIRECTIVE | <%@標準指令 屬性="值"%> <%@page import="java.util.*"%> | <jsp:directive.標準指令 屬性="值"%> <jsp:directive.page import="java.util.*"> | DECLARATION | <%! 初始宣告 %>
<%! int i=1;%> |
<jsp:declaraction> 初始宣告 </jsp:declaration> | <jsp:declaraction> int i=1; </jsp:declaration> |
| SCRIPTLET | <% JAVA程式 %>
<% if (X>0) { result=true; } %> |
<jsp:scriptlet> JAVA程式 </jsp:scriptlet>
| <jsp:scriptlet> if (X>0) { result=true; } </jsp:scriptlet> |
| EXPRESSION | <%= 運算式 %>
<%= new Date()%>
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<jsp:expression> 運算式 </jsp:expression> | <jsp:expression> new Date() </jsp:expression> |
| COMMENT | <%-- JSP註解 --%> | <!-- 使用HTML註解--> |
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4. | JSP page life cycle(JSP的本質是Servlet): JSP page translation --> JSP page compilation --> load class --> create instance --> call the jspInit method(可以被改寫)--> call the _jspService method(不能被改寫) --> call the jspDestroy method(可以被改寫) |
5. |
JSP隱含物件 | 介面或類別 | 用途 | 範圍 | request | javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest | Client送出的request | request | response | javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse | 送回Client的response | page | out | javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter | response的(output Stream) | page | session | javax.servlet.http.HttpSession | 存取某user在HTTP連線階段內容 | session | config | javax.servlet.ServletConfig | 該JSP網頁內的Servlet | page | application | javax.servlet.ServletContext | 含WEB應用程式內的ServletContext 物件 | application | page | java.lang.Object | 相當於JAVA語言中的"this" | page | pageContext | javax.servlet.jsp.PageContext | 包含JSP網頁中, 單一request的環境 | page | exception | java.lang.Throwable | 只能在JSP錯誤處理網頁中使用 | page |
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6. |
include | 用途 | 備註 | <%@include file="relativeURL" %> | Translation Time靜態include進來的HTML或JSP,不能是Servlet |
- 此法效能較好
- 只能使用原有request參數,不能靠Query String增加參數
| <jsp:include page="relativeURL"> | Run Time時將HTML或JSP執行結果動態include進來,可以指向Servlet |
- 會自動UPDATE
- RunTime可使用<jsp:param name="" value=""/>來傳遞參數
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7. | include directive不能指向 servlet,include action, forward action 可以指向 servlet |
8. |
JSP轉譯成Servlet的class public class MyServlet_jsp extends XXXXXX{
public void jspInit() { } // 這個Method繼承自javax.servlet.jsp.JspPage這個interface //只執行一次,可以在JSP檔案中用declaration的方式改寫
public void _jspService(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { } //這個Method繼承自javax.servlet.jsp.HttpJspPage這個interface //不能在JSP檔案中改寫
public void jspDestroy() { } //這個Method繼承自javax.servlet.jsp.JspPage這個interface //只執行一次,可以在JSP檔案中用declaration的方式改寫
}
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9. | <% = "Hello" ; %> //會產生exception,要了解exception的原因 |
10. | 下列的JSP DECLARATION是合法的 <%! Hashtable ht = new Hashtable(); { ht.put("max", "10"); // { }拿掉會導致Compile error } %> |
7: Building JSP Pages Using the Expression Language (EL) |
1. |
Implicit objects provided by the expression language
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Implicit Object
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Content
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applicationScope | A collection of scoped variables from applications scope | pageScope | A collection of all page scope objects | requestScope | A collection of all request scope objects | sessionScope | A collection of all session scope objects | pageContext | The javax.servlet.jsp.PageContext object for the current page | initParam | A collection of all application parameter names | param | A collection of all request parameters as strings | paramValues | All request parameters as collections of strings | header | HTTP request headers as strings | headerValues | HTTP request headers as collections of strings | cookie | A collection of all cookies |
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2. | EL operators: property access (the . operator), collection access (the [] operator). . operator只能用在物件型別為Map或JavaBean,[] operator則無任何限制 |
3. | EL operators中比較需要注意之處 Relational : == , eq , != , ne , < , lt , > , gt , >= , ge , <= , le
Empty : ${!empty param.Add}
Conditional : A ? B : C |
4. | EL function的寫法
package mypkg; public class MyLocales { ... public static boolean equals( String a, String b ) { //必為 public static return a.equals(b); } } |
5. | EL function在xxx.tld中的宣告方式 <function> <name>equals</name> <function-class>mypkg.MyLocales</function-class> <function-signature>boolean equals( java.lang.String, java.lang.String )</function-signature> </function> |
6. | EL expression的出題陷阱 ${10 * 1.5} //結果是15.0 ${123 / 0} //結果是Infinity ${0 / 0} //結果是NaN ${"" + 1} //結果是1 ${" " + 1 } //產生Exception ${123 % 0} //產生Exception ${0 % 0} //產生Exception |
8: Building JSP Pages Using Standard Actions |
1. |
JavaBean
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語 法
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描 述
| jsp:useBean | <jsp:useBean id="JavaBean的變數名稱" class="完整的package.類別名稱 " type=" id屬性值的變數型別 " scope=" 存取範圍 " />
<jsp:useBean id="cs" class="scwcd.CsClass" scope="page" /> | 相當於: <%@ page import="scwcd.*" %> <% CsClass cs=new CsClass(); %>
scope 可以是 application (相當ServletContext 物件), session (相當HttpSession 物件 ), request (相當ServletRequest 物件), page (相當PageContext 物件) | jsp:setProperty | <jsp:setProperty name="JavaBean的變數名稱" property="欲設定的JavaBean屬性名稱" param="HTTP請求所傳的參數名稱" value=" 參數的數值"/>
<jsp:setProperty name="cs" property="*" />
| 自省機制Introspection: 1.可用( property="*")全部設完JavaBean所有方法 2 但是對應的HTTP <form>中的個數與名稱都要一致 | jsp:getProperty | <jsp:getProperty name="JavaBean的變數名稱" property="欲設定的JavaBean屬性名稱" />
<jsp:getProperty name="cs" property="name" />
| 相當於: <%=cs.getName(); %>
| JavaBean:
目的 - 1.減少JSP中Java程式碼 2.REUSABLE 3.便於網頁維護開發 規定 - 1.他是public類別 2. constructor無參數 3.(g)setXXX()符合命名規則
初始化- 若是scope中的Name Space無相同id名稱, 才會new instance (和初始化) <jsp :useBean id="cs" class="scwcd.CsClass" scope="page"> <jsp:setProperty name="cs" property="name" /> </jsp:useBean> |
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2. |
傳遞型 Standard Action
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程 式
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對應的JSP Scriptlet Tag
| jsp:forward | <jsp:forward page="欲轉往的JSP或HTML" />
<jsp:forward page="Banner.jsp" />
| 1.<% RequestDispatcher rd= request.getRequestDispatcher("相對或絕對路徑"); rd.forward(request,response); %>
2. <% pageContext.forward("Banner.jsp"); %> | jsp:include | <jsp:include page="欲加入的JSP或HTML" />
<jsp:include page="include.jsp" />
| 1.<% RequestDispatcher rd= request.getRequestDispatcher("相對或絕對路徑"); rd.include(request,response); %>
2. <% pageContext.include("include.jsp"); %> | jsp:param | <jsp:param name="參數名" value="參數值" />
<jsp:forward page="Banner.jsp"> <jsp:param name="Wellcome" value="Hello" /> </jsp:include> | <% String title=request.getParameter("Wellcome"); %> |
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3. | <jsp :useBean id="persion" type="scwcd.Person" class="scwcd.Employee" /> //scwcd.Person是scwcd.Employee的super class,利用此方法可以達到polymorphic的效果 |
4. | 在<jsp:useBean ... />中 If type is used wtihout class,the bean must already exit.不然會產生exception. If class is used(with or without type) the class must Not be abstract or interface,and must have a public no-arg constructor
<jsp:useBean id="mybean" beanName="my.app.MyBean" type="my.app.MyBean" />,beanName只能與type同時出現 |
5. | <% out.flush() %> <jsp:forward .../> 此種寫法會使forward失效,不被執行,而且不會產生exception |
9: Building JSP Pages Using Tag Libraries |
1. | JSTL的Core Tag Library
<c:out value="${username}" escapeXml="false" /> //要了解escapeXml代表的義意
<c:set var="four" scope="session" value="${3+1}" />
<c:remove var="dommed" scope="session" />
<c:catch var="e"> //var的值可以在catch block之外被使用,<c:catch>的功能與try...catch寫法中的catch相似 ... Program code that may throw an exception ... </c:catch> <c:if test="${e != null}"> The caught exception is <c:out value="${e}"/> </c:if> <c:if test="${e == null}"> No exception was thrown </c:if>
<c:choose> <c:when test="${error1}"> Error1 </c:when> //一定要有test這個attribute <c:when test="${error2}"> Error2 </c:when> <c:when test="${error3}"> Error3 </c:when> <c:otherwise> Otherwise </c:otherwise> //不能有test這個attribute,此外<c:otherwise>這個tag非必需 </c:choose>
<c:forEach items="${user.medicalConditions}" var="aliment"> <c:out value="${aliment}"/> //如果這行改成<%=aliment %>會產生exception,不能用scriptling來存取<c:forEach>中的值 </c:forEach>
<c:forTokens items="a;b;c;d" delims=";" var="current"> <c:out value="${current}"/> </c:forTokens>
<c:url value="buy.jsp"> //<c:url>的功能是url rewriting,不是url encoding,url帶參數時要用範例中的寫法 <c:param name="stock" value="IBM"/> </c:url>
<c:import context="/other" url="/directory/target.jsp"/> //可以import其它Web application的的資料 <c:param name="first" value="one"/> <c:param name="second" value="two"/> </c:import>
<c:redirect context="/brokerage" url="/buy.jsp"> //可以redirect其它Web application的的資料 <c:param name="stock" value="IBM"/> </c:redirect> |
2. | <c:set target="${myDog}" property="dogName" value="可魯" /> target必需放Object,不能是String。利用此法可以設定Bean的property。 |
10: Building a Custom Tag Library |
1. | tag file與simple tag相似,tag file在執行前會先被轉換成simple tag才被執行。二者在接收到新的request時都會產生新的instance。二者的body content設定都不能設為JSP |
2. | tag support與body tag support相似,二者都只產生一個instance被多個request共用(跟Servlet的架構相似) |
3. | classic tag
Method | Return Value/Type |
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Tag.doStartTag() | SKIP_BODY或EVAL_BODY_INCLUDE, (EVAL_BODY_BUFFERED, implements BodyTag) | IterationTag.doAfterBody() | SKIP_BODY或EVAL_BODY_AGAIN | Tag.doEndTag() | SKIP_PAGE或EVAL_PAGE | |
4. | tag support與body tag support用 PageContext class 取得 implicit variable simple tag用getJspContext() method取得 implicit variable |
5. | 抓取parent tag的method Tag getParent() static Tag findAncestorWithClass (Tag from, java.lang.Class klass) |
6. | Simple tag class的寫法 public class MySimpleTag extends SimpleTagSupport { StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
public void doTag() throws JspException, IOException { getJspContex().getOut().write(sw.toString()); getJspBody().invoke(null); } }
Tag support class的寫法(body tag support class的寫法與它相似) public class MyTag extends TagSupport { public int doStartTag() throws JspException{ ... return SKIP_BODY/EVAL_BODY_INCLUDE; }
public int doAfterBody() throws JspException{ ... return SKIP_BODY/EVAL_BODY_AGAIN ; }
public int doEndTag() throws JspException{ ... return SKIP_PAGE/EVAL_PAGE; } }
要了解simple tag與classic tag二者在寫法上的不同處 |
7. | Tag file的寫法 <%@ attribute name="fontColor" required="true" rtexprvalue="true" %> <%@ tag body-content="empty/tagdependent/scriptless"%> <font color="${fontColor}"><jsp:doBody/></font><br>
Tagfile可以使用的directives: taglib, include, tag, attribute, variable. |
8. | tag class在xxx.tld的宣告方式 <uri>...</uri> <tag> <name>callEJB</name> <tag-class>com.example.web.tags.EJBCallTagHandler</tag-class> <body-content>empty/tagdependent/scriptless/JSP</body-content> //設成empty時,如果JSP檔裡的tag body卻包含資料,會在執行時產生Exception //設成scriptless時,如果JSP檔裡的tag body卻包含scripting的敘述,會在執行時產生Exception //設成tagdependent的話表示不作任何處理,直接將本體內容傳給標籤庫,由標籤庫自行處理本體內容 <attribute> <name>user</name> <required>true/false/yes/no</required> //設成true時,如果JSP檔裡面沒有設定這個attribute會在執行時產生Exception <rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue> //設成false時,如果JSP檔裡面有rtexprvalue的寫法會在執行時產生Exception </attribute> </tag> |
9. | SkipPageException stops only the page thata directly invoked the simple tag |
10. | Simp tag life cycle Load class --> Instantiate class --> call setJspContext() method --> call setParent() method --> call attribute setters(不一定會執行) --> call setJspBody()(不一定會執行) --> call doTag() |
11. | classic tag life cycle Load class --> Instantiate class --> call setPageContext() method --> call setParent() method --> call attribute setters(不一定會執行) --> call doStartTag() --> call doAfterBody() --> call doEndTag() |
12. | SimpleTag在xxx.tld中的<body-content>設定不能設為JSP,body content不可以使用sriptlet的語法 Tag file的<%@ tag body-content="..."%>不能設為JSP,body content不可以使用sriptlet的語法 |
13. | <prefix:sometag> <jsp:attribute name='attrA'>val1</jsp:attribute> //不能寫成<jsp:attribute name='attrA' value='val1' />,要注意 </prefix:sometag> |
14. | public class MyTag extends TagSupport { public int doStartTag() throws JspException{ if(somecondition) { return EVAL_BODY_INCLUDE; } else { PageContext.forward(...) or PageContext.include(...) //有些考題會在這部份作陷井,要注意 } } ...etc } |
15. | If we extend BodyTagSupport, then we use BodyTagSupport.getPreviousOut() to get the "previous" or "enclosing" JspWriter. |
16. | 如果tag class被包在jar file裡面。在使用tag class之前不需在web.xml作taglib的設定。只要在JSP檔裡宣告<%@ taglib prefix...etc %>就可以使用這個tag |
11: J2EE Patterns |
1. | Business Delegate Pattern(參照HeadFirstSevlet&JSP p:746) |
2. | Service Locator Pattern(參照HeadFirstSevlet&JSP p:747) |
3. | Transfer Object Pattern(參照HeadFirstSevlet&JSP p:748) |
4. | Intercepting Filter Pattern(參照HeadFirstSevlet&JSP p:749) |
5. | MVC Pattern(參照HeadFirstSevlet&JSP p:750) |
6. | Front Controller Pattern(參照HeadFirstSevlet&JSP p:751) |
12: 雜七雜八無法分類的部份 |
1. | Servlet與Filter class寫法相似,二者在web.xml的設定方式亦相似 |
2. | EL function與tag class二者在xxx.tld的設定方式相似 |
3. | 要能分出下面三者的差異 <%@ include file="myTest.jsp" %> //Static的include方式 <jsp:include page="myTest.jsp"/> //dynamic的include方式 <c:import url="/myTest.jsp" context="/OtherSite"/> //dynamic的include方式,而且可以inlcude不同Web application的資料 |
4. | 在Deployment Descriptoer中呼叫的先後順序:listener->filter->servlet |
5. | Both - GenericServlet class and ServletContext interface, provide methods log(String msg) and log(String, Throwable) that write the information to a log file. |
6. | JSP Page directive中比較少見的attribute:language,extends,buffer,autoFlush,info |
7. | java.net.URL ServletContext.getResource() java.io.InputStream ServletContext.getResourceAsStream() |
8. | ServletException provides the getRootCause() method that returns the wrapped exception. It's return type is Throwable, so you have to cast it to appropriate business exception type. |
9. | <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>XServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.x</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>YServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/y/*</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>
/y/test | //執行YServlet | /y.x | //執行XServlet | /y/test.x | //執行YServlet.This is because an extension mapping is considered ONLY if there is no path matching. | /y/x | //執行YServlet | /y/test.jsp | //執行YServlet |
要了解HeadFirstSevlet&JSP p:588的考題練習 |
10. | Request URL = protocol://host:port + contextpath + requestpath + pathinfo |