20100602 学习记录：webservice返回自定义xml and error:This document already has a 'DocumentElement' node...

初始时，偶滴webservice只是返回一个string的，后来经理要求返回值为xml类型的数据

 

查了一下，如果dataset什么的貌似还得序列化，xml就不用了，直接声明拼好之后return就ok了
只是我要返回的xml是动态的，需要依据每次用户输入的action type数量来循环拼接返回的xml，搞的代码长的要命 = =

 

具体代码：

先导入命名空间  using System.Xml; 

XmlDocument创建XML文档

// 创建文档
 
            XmlDocument xmlDoc  =   new  XmlDocument();
             // 建立Xml的定义声明
            XmlDeclaration dec  =  xmlDoc.CreateXmlDeclaration( " 1.0 " ,  " GB2312 " ,  null );
            xmlDoc.AppendChild(dec);
             // 创建根节点
            XmlElement root  =  xmlDoc.CreateElement( " Books " );
            xmlDoc.AppendChild(root);
            XmlNode book  =  xmlDoc.CreateElement( " Book " );
            XmlElement title  =  xmlDoc.CreateElement( " Title " );
            title.InnerText  =   " SQL Server " ;
            book.AppendChild(title);
            XmlElement isbn  =  xmlDoc.CreateElement( " ISBN " );
            isbn.InnerText  =   " 444444 " ;
            book.AppendChild(isbn);
            XmlElement author  =  xmlDoc.CreateElement( " Author " );
            author.InnerText  =   " jia " ;
            book.AppendChild(author);
            XmlElement price  =  xmlDoc.CreateElement( " Price " );
            price.InnerText  =   " 120 " ;
            price.SetAttribute( " Unit " ,  " ___FCKpd___0quot;);
            book.AppendChild(price);
            root.AppendChild(book);
            xmlDoc.Save( " Books.xml " );

插入

// 插入
            XmlDocument xmlDoc  =   new  XmlDocument();
            xmlDoc.Load( " Books.xml " );
            XmlNode root  =  xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode( " Books " );
            XmlElement book  =  xmlDoc.CreateElement( " Book " );
            XmlElement title  =  xmlDoc.CreateElement( " Title " );
            title.InnerText  =   " XML " ;
            book.AppendChild(title);
            XmlElement isbn  =  xmlDoc.CreateElement( " ISBN " );
            isbn.InnerText  =   " 333333 " ;
            book.AppendChild(isbn);
            XmlElement author  =  xmlDoc.CreateElement( " Author " );
            author.InnerText  =   " snow " ;
            book.AppendChild(author);
            XmlElement price  =  xmlDoc.CreateElement( " Price " );
            price.InnerText  =   " 120 " ;
            price.SetAttribute( " Unit " ,  " ___FCKpd___0quot;);
            book.AppendChild(price);
            root.AppendChild(book);
            xmlDoc.Save( " Books.xml " );

 

 

更新

// 更新
            XmlDocument xmlDoc  =   new  XmlDocument();
            xmlDoc.Load( " Books.xml " );
             // " // Book[@Unit="$"]"
             // 获取Books节点的所有子节点
            XmlNodeList nodeList  =  xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode( " Books//Book " ).ChildNodes;
             // 遍历所有子节点
             foreach  (XmlNode xn  in  nodeList)
            {
                 // 将子节点类型转换为XmlElement类型
                XmlElement xe  =  (XmlElement)xn;
                 if  (xe.Name  ==   " Author " )
                {
                    xe.InnerText  =   " amandag " ;
                }
                 if  (xe.GetAttribute( " Unit " )  ==   " ___FCKpd___0quot;)
                {
                    xe.SetAttribute( " Unit " ,  " ￥ " );
                }
            }
            xmlDoc.Save( " Books.xml " );

 

删除

// 删除
            XmlDocument xmlDoc  =   new  XmlDocument();
            xmlDoc.Load( " Books.xml " );
            XmlNodeList nodeList  =  xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode( " Books//Book " ).ChildNodes;
             // 遍历所有子节点
             foreach  (XmlNode xn  in  nodeList)
            {
                 // 将子节点类型转换为XmlElement类型
                XmlElement xe  =  (XmlElement)xn;
                 if  (xe.Name  ==   " Author " )
                {
                    xe.RemoveAll();
                }
                 if  (xe.GetAttribute( " Unit " )  ==   " ￥ " )
                {
                    xe.RemoveAttribute( " Unit " );
                }
            }
            xmlDoc.Save( " Books.xml " );

 

使用XmlDocument创建XML文档及增加删除更新节点 完整代码

   using  System;  
   using  System.Collections.Generic;  
   using  System.ComponentModel;  
   using  System.Data;  
   using  System.Drawing;  
   using  System.Text;  
   using  System.Windows.Forms;  
   using  System.Xml;  
   namespace  XMLDOMDemo  
  {  
       public   partial   class  Form1 : Form  
      {  
           public  Form1()  
          {  
              InitializeComponent();  
          }  
    
    
           private   void  btnLoad_Click( object  sender, EventArgs e)  
          {  
              XmlDocument xmlDoc  =   new  XmlDocument();  
              xmlDoc.Load( " Books.xml " );  
              MessageBox.Show(xmlDoc.InnerXml);  
          }  
           // 创建文档  
           private   void  btnCreate_Click( object  sender, EventArgs e)  
          {  
              XmlDocument xmlDoc  =   new  XmlDocument();  
    
               // 建立Xml的定义声明  
              XmlDeclaration dec  =  xmlDoc.CreateXmlDeclaration( " 1.0 " ,  " GB2312 " ,  null );  
              xmlDoc.AppendChild(dec);  
    
               // 创建根节点  
              XmlElement root  =  xmlDoc.CreateElement( " Books " );  
              xmlDoc.AppendChild(root);  
    
    
              XmlNode book  =  xmlDoc.CreateElement( " Book " );  
    
              XmlElement title  =  xmlDoc.CreateElement( " Title " );  
              title.InnerText  =   " SQL Server " ;  
              book.AppendChild(title);  
    
              XmlElement isbn  =  xmlDoc.CreateElement( " ISBN " );  
              isbn.InnerText  =   " 444444 " ;  
              book.AppendChild(isbn);  
    
              XmlElement author  =  xmlDoc.CreateElement( " Author " );  
              author.InnerText  =   " jia " ;  
              book.AppendChild(author);  
    
              XmlElement price  =  xmlDoc.CreateElement( " Price " );  
              price.InnerText  =   " 120 " ;  
              price.SetAttribute( " Unit " ,  " ___FCKpd___0quot;);  
    
              book.AppendChild(price);  
              root.AppendChild(book);  
    
              xmlDoc.Save( " Books.xml " );  
          }  
    
           private   void  btnInsert_Click( object  sender, EventArgs e)  
          {  
              XmlDocument xmlDoc  =   new  XmlDocument();  
              xmlDoc.Load( " Books.xml " );  
    
              XmlNode root  =  xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode( " Books " );  
    
              XmlElement book  =  xmlDoc.CreateElement( " Book " );  
    
              XmlElement title  =  xmlDoc.CreateElement( " Title " );  
              title.InnerText  =   " XML " ;  
              book.AppendChild(title);  
    
              XmlElement isbn  =  xmlDoc.CreateElement( " ISBN " );  
              isbn.InnerText  =   " 333333 " ;  
              book.AppendChild(isbn);  
    
              XmlElement author  =  xmlDoc.CreateElement( " Author " );  
              author.InnerText  =   " snow " ;  
              book.AppendChild(author);  
    
              XmlElement price  =  xmlDoc.CreateElement( " Price " );  
              price.InnerText  =   " 120 " ;  
              price.SetAttribute( " Unit " ,  " ___FCKpd___0quot;);  
    
              book.AppendChild(price);  
    
              root.AppendChild(book);  
    
              xmlDoc.Save( " Books.xml " );  
              MessageBox.Show( " 数据已写入！ " );  
          }  
    
           private   void  btnUpdate_Click( object  sender, EventArgs e)  
          {  
              XmlDocument xmlDoc  =   new  XmlDocument();  
              xmlDoc.Load( " Books.xml " );  
    
               // " // Book[@Unit=\"$\"]"  
               // 获取Books节点的所有子节点  
              XmlNodeList nodeList  =  xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode( " Books//Book " ).ChildNodes;  
    
               // 遍历所有子节点  
               foreach  (XmlNode xn  in  nodeList)  
              {  
                   // 将子节点类型转换为XmlElement类型  
                  XmlElement xe  =  (XmlElement)xn;  
                   if  (xe.Name  ==   " Author " )  
                  {  
                      xe.InnerText  =   " amandag " ;  
                  }  
    
                   if  (xe.GetAttribute( " Unit " )  ==   " ___FCKpd___0quot;)  
                  {  
                      xe.SetAttribute( " Unit " ,  " ￥ " );  
                  }  
                   // break;  
              }  
    
               // XmlNodeList nodeList = xmlDoc.SelectNodes("Books // Book");   
               // foreach (XmlNode xn in nodeList)  
               // {  
               //     foreach (XmlNode x in xn.ChildNodes)  
               //     {  
               //           // 将子节点类型转换为XmlElement类型  
               //         XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)x;  
               //         if (xe.Name == "Author")  
               //         {  
               //             xe.InnerText = "amandag";  
               //         }  
    
               //         if (xe.GetAttribute("Unit") == "___FCKpd___0quot;)  
               //         {  
               //             xe.SetAttribute("Unit", "￥");  
               //         }  
               //          // break;                     
               //     }  
               // }  
              xmlDoc.Save( " Books.xml " );  
          }  
    
           private   void  btnDelete_Click( object  sender, EventArgs e)  
          {  
              XmlDocument xmlDoc  =   new  XmlDocument();  
              xmlDoc.Load( " Books.xml " );  
    
              XmlNodeList nodeList  =  xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode( " Books//Book " ).ChildNodes;  
    
               // 遍历所有子节点  
               foreach  (XmlNode xn  in  nodeList)  
              {  
                   // 将子节点类型转换为XmlElement类型  
                  XmlElement xe  =  (XmlElement)xn;  
                   if  (xe.Name  ==   " Author " )  
                  {  
                      xe.RemoveAll();  
                  }  
    
                   if  (xe.GetAttribute( " Unit " )  ==   " ￥ " )  
                  {  
                      xe.RemoveAttribute( " Unit " );  
                  }  
              }  
              xmlDoc.Save( " Books.xml " );  
          }  
      }  
  } 

From：http://blog.csdn.net/amandag/archive/2008/07/08/2623322.aspx

 

XmlDocument是表示DOM的类。
1.加载XML文档：使用load()方法加载XML文档；
2.读取节点：使用GetElementById()、GetElementsByTagName()方法根据ID或标签名读取节点；
3.查找节点：使用SelectSingleNode(string search)方法通过XPath查找节点；
4.插入节点：使用CreateElement()方法创建节点，AppendChild()方法添加新节点；
5.创建文档：通过XmlDeclaration对象新建声明节点，其他同插入节点。
 

C#中使用XmlDocument通过DOM方式读写XML数据

// TestXmlDocument.cs:

using  System;
using  System.Xml;

namespace  Magci.Test.XML.TestXmlDocment
{
     class  Program
    {
         private   static  XmlDocument doc;

         static   void  Main( string [] args)
        {
            doc  =   new  XmlDocument();
             // 加载XML文档
            doc.Load( @" ..\..\books.xml " );
            DisplayTitle();
            SearchByTitle( " The Gorgias " );
            Insert();
            CreateDoc();

            Console.ReadLine();
        }
        
         // 遍历节点
         public   static   void  DisplayTitle()
        {
            XmlNodeList nodes  =  doc.GetElementsByTagName( " title " );
            Console.WriteLine( " Title: " );
             foreach  (XmlNode node  in  nodes)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(node.InnerText);
            }
        }

         // 根据title查找
         public   static   void  SearchByTitle( string  title)
        {
             string  search  =   " bookstore/book[title=' "   +  title  +   " '] " ;
            XmlNode foundNode  =  doc.SelectSingleNode(search);
            Console.WriteLine( " \nSearch by title: " );
             if  (foundNode  !=   null )
            {
                Console.WriteLine(foundNode.InnerText);
            }
             else
            {
                Console.WriteLine( " Not Found! " );
            }
        }

         // 插入节点
         public   static   void  Insert()
        {
             // 创建book元素
            XmlElement newBook  =  doc.CreateElement( " book " );
            newBook.SetAttribute( " genre " ,  " MyStery " );
            newBook.SetAttribute( " publicationdate " ,  " 2001 " );
            newBook.SetAttribute( " ISBN " ,  " 123456789 " );

             // 创建title元素
            XmlElement newTitle  =  doc.CreateElement( " title " );
            newTitle.InnerText  =   " The Case of the Missing Cookie " ;
             // 将title元素添加到book元素中
            newBook.AppendChild(newTitle);

            XmlElement newAuthor  =  doc.CreateElement( " author " );
            newBook.AppendChild(newAuthor);

            XmlElement newName  =  doc.CreateElement( " name " );
            newName.InnerText  =   " C.Monster " ;
            newAuthor.AppendChild(newName);

            XmlElement newPrice  =  doc.CreateElement( " price " );
            newPrice.InnerText  =   " 9.99 " ;
            newBook.AppendChild(newPrice);

             // 将新建的book元素加入到XML文档中
            doc.DocumentElement.AppendChild(newBook);

             // 另存为
            XmlTextWriter tr  =   new  XmlTextWriter( @" ..\..\booksEdit.xml " ,  null );
            tr.Formatting  =  Formatting.Indented;
            doc.WriteContentTo(tr);
            tr.Close();
            Console.WriteLine( " \nbooksEdit.xml Saved successful.\n " );

            XmlNodeList nodes  =  doc.GetElementsByTagName( " title " );
            Console.WriteLine( " Display title after Insert: " );
             foreach  (XmlNode node  in  nodes)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(node.InnerText);
            }
        }

         // 创建文档
         public   static   void  CreateDoc()
        {
            XmlDocument newDoc  =   new  XmlDocument();
            
             // 创建声明节点
            XmlDeclaration newDec  =  newDoc.CreateXmlDeclaration( " 1.0 " ,  " utf-8 " ,  null );
            newDoc.AppendChild(newDec);

            XmlElement newRoot  =  newDoc.CreateElement( " bookstore " );
            newDoc.AppendChild(newRoot);

            XmlElement newBook  =  newDoc.CreateElement( " book " );
            newBook.SetAttribute( " genre " ,  " MyStery " );
            newBook.SetAttribute( " publicationdate " ,  " 2001 " );
            newBook.SetAttribute( " ISBN " ,  " 123456789 " );

            XmlElement newTitle  =  newDoc.CreateElement( " title " );
            newTitle.InnerText  =   " The Case of the Missing Cookie " ;
            newBook.AppendChild(newTitle);

            XmlElement newAuthor  =  newDoc.CreateElement( " author " );
            newBook.AppendChild(newAuthor);

            XmlElement newName  =  newDoc.CreateElement( " name " );
            newName.InnerText  =   " C.Monster " ;
            newAuthor.AppendChild(newName);

            XmlElement newPrice  =  newDoc.CreateElement( " price " );
            newPrice.InnerText  =   " 9.99 " ;
            newBook.AppendChild(newPrice);

            newRoot.AppendChild(newBook);
            
            XmlTextWriter tr  =   new  XmlTextWriter( @" ..\..\booksCreate.xml " ,  null );
            tr.Formatting  =  Formatting.Indented;
            newDoc.WriteContentTo(tr);
            tr.Close();
            Console.WriteLine( " \nbooksCreate.xml Saved successful.\n " );

            XmlNodeList nodes  =  newDoc.GetElementsByTagName( " title " );
            Console.WriteLine( " Display title after Create: " );
             foreach  (XmlNode node  in  nodes)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(node.InnerText);
            }
        }
    }
}


// books.xml:

<? xml version = " 1.0 "  encoding = " utf-8 "   ?>
< bookstore >
   < book genre = " autobiography "  publicationdate = " 1991 "  ISBN = " 1-861003-11-0 " >
     < title > The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin </ title >
     < author >
       < first - name > Benjamin </ first - name >
       < last - name > Franklin </ last - name >
     </ author >
     < price > 8.99 </ price >
   </ book >
   < book genre = " novel "  publicationdate = " 1967 "  ISBN = " 0-201-63361-2 " >
     < title > The Confidence Man </ title >
     < author >
       < first - name > Herman </ first - name >
       < last - name > Melville </ last - name >
     </ author >
     < price > 11.99 </ price >
   </ book >
   < book genre = " philosophy "  publicationdate = " 1991 "  ISBN = " 1-861001-57-6 " >
     < title > The Gorgias </ title >
     < author >
       < name > Plato </ name >
     </ author >
     < price > 9.99 </ price >
   </ book >
</ bookstore >

// booksEdit.xml:修改后的XML文档
<? xml version = " 1.0 "  encoding = " utf-8 " ?>
< bookstore >
   < book genre = " autobiography "  publicationdate = " 1991 "  ISBN = " 1-861003-11-0 " >
     < title > The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin </ title >
     < author >
       < first - name > Benjamin </ first - name >
       < last - name > Franklin </ last - name >
     </ author >
     < price > 8.99 </ price >
   </ book >
   < book genre = " novel "  publicationdate = " 1967 "  ISBN = " 0-201-63361-2 " >
     < title > The Confidence Man </ title >
     < author >
       < first - name > Herman </ first - name >
       < last - name > Melville </ last - name >
     </ author >
     < price > 11.99 </ price >
   </ book >
   < book genre = " philosophy "  publicationdate = " 1991 "  ISBN = " 1-861001-57-6 " >
     < title > The Gorgias </ title >
     < author >
       < name > Plato </ name >
     </ author >
     < price > 9.99 </ price >
   </ book >
   < book genre = " MyStery "  publicationdate = " 2001 "  ISBN = " 123456789 " >
     < title > The Case of the Missing Cookie </ title >
     < author >
       < name > C.Monster </ name >
     </ author >
     < price > 9.99 </ price >
   </ book >
</ bookstore >

// booksCreate.xml:新建的XML文档
<? xml version = " 1.0 "  encoding = " utf-8 " ?>
< bookstore >
   < book genre = " MyStery "  publicationdate = " 2001 "  ISBN = " 123456789 " >
     < title > The Case of the Missing Cookie </ title >
     < author >
       < name > C.Monster </ name >
     </ author >
     < price > 9.99 </ price >
   </ book >
</ bookstore >

From: http://mgc.ahau.edu.cn/article.asp?id=664

 

 

 用MessageBox要先导入命名空间： using System.Windows.Forms;

  MessageBox.Show("数据已写入！"); 

 

 

---

 

Error: This document already has a 'DocumentElement' node

 

1. Please check if you have used method AppendChild() under document. If this is the case you will need to do it for "document.DocumentElement" instead of just docuemnt.

2. Attempting to append another child element directly to the document will cause the above exception.

 

 

其实我想不通是为什么，难道根节点下只能有一个总的结点？？？

<?xml >

<aa></aa>
<bb></bb>

报错

改为这样就没问题了.... orz

 

<?xml >

<value>

      <aa></aa>
      <bb></bb>
</value>

 

 

 

 另外，因为具体action的操作是for循环逐个去执行的，为了得到每个返回的信息把生成xml结点的语句放在每个action后面

本来为了少点代码，统一在前面声明的共同结点，各个子节点里只要赋值就好了，然后append到上级结点。可是后来发现，这么操作最后xml里只剩下最后一次action操作的结果，前面的结点都被覆盖了.... 后改为每个action type中各自重新声明结点后一切正常了.... 

 为啥米捏？同一个对象没清空？

 

 

其他生成xml的方法参考资料——

 

 如果规律的话，用dataset也不错 DataSet.GetXml()

 http://hi.baidu.com/lostsolar/blog/item/dcfe8a5561bed85fd00906b2.html

 WebService ：实现DataSet , DataTable , XML 的返回...

代码

using  System;
using  System.Web;
using  System.Collections;
using  System.Web.Services;
using  System.Web.Services.Protocols;
using  System.Data;
using  System.Xml;

///   <summary>
///  AdminService 的摘要说明
///   </summary>
[WebService(Namespace  =   " http://tempuri.org/ " )]
[WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo  =  WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]



/*  管理远程服务接口
 * 创建人：
 * 创建日期：09-07-16
 * 修改人：
 * 修改日期：
 * 在WebService的方法中为DataTable命名,否则引用端会报错！
  */
[Serializable]   
public   class  AdminService : System.Web.Services.WebService
{

     public  AdminService()
    {

         // 如果使用设计的组件，请取消注释以下行 
         // InitializeComponent(); 
    }
    [WebMethod(Description  =   " DataSet集合 " )]
     public  DataSet GetDataSet()
    {
        DataTable dt  =   new  DataTable( " mytable " );
        DataColumn dc  =   new  DataColumn( " id " ,  typeof ( string ));
        dt.Columns.Add(dc);
        DataRow dr  =  dt.NewRow();
        dr[ " id " ]  =   " 1111111 " ;
        dt.Rows.Add(dr);
        DataSet ds  =   new  DataSet();
        ds.Tables.Add(dt);
         return  ds;
    }


    [WebMethod(Description  =   " dt帐号集合 " )]  
     public  DataTable getAccounts(String ID)
    {
         // = new DataTable("Accounts")
        DataTable dt  = new  DataTable();
        dt.TableName  =   " Accounts " ;
        dt.Columns.Add( " id " );
        dt.Columns.Add( " name " );
         for  ( int  i  =   0 ; i  <   10 ; i ++ )
        {
            DataRow dr  =  dt.NewRow();
            dr[ " id " ]  =  i.ToString();
            dr[ " name " ]  =   " name "   +  i.ToString();
            dt.Rows.Add(dr);
        }  
         return  dt;
    }

    [WebMethod(Description  =   " xml " )]    
     public   string  xmlStr()
    {
         string  str;
        str  =   " <?xml version=\ " 1.0 \ "  encoding=\ " utf - 8 \ "  ?> " ;
        str  +=   " <Items> " ;

         for  ( int  i  =   1 ; i  <   10 ; i ++ )
        {
            str  +=   " <Item> " ;
            str  +=   " <name>nam "   +  i  +   " </name> " ;
            str  +=   " <grender>boy "   +  i  +   " </grender> " ;
            str  +=   " <from>shanghai "   +  i  +   " </from> " ;
            str  +=   " </Item> " ;
        }

        str  +=   " </Items> " ;

        XmlDocument dcxml  =   new  XmlDocument();
        dcxml.LoadXml(str);
         return  str;        
    }

}

http://www.cnblogs.com/Fooo/archive/2009/07/16/1524698.html 

http://topic.csdn.net/u/20070207/11/a076f040-49d4-4b0f-a02c-3b673168b92d.html 

http://www.cnblogs.com/RevengeBoy/archive/2007/07/03/803878.html 

 

对webservice返回的XML文档的改进...反正就是要把减号去掉....
http://blog.csdn.net/xiao_jun_0820/archive/2007/08/09/1733629.aspx

 

 

 

 

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/neru/archive/2010/06/03/1750546.html