很早就想试下Linux下的Postfix服务,也看了网上很多相关的教程,但是每当我看到那长长的篇幅就打退堂鼓了,但是有些东西在技术的道路上始终是要经历和面对的,这些天就一直在鼓捣着这东东,现在把自已的经历写出来,希望能对大家有点用.对于大侠来讲,这些算不了什么,但至少相对我这种还在Linux门外徊徘的人来说,它是我学习的一个历程.其中 蓝色字体需用户输入,白色字体是系统显示,红色字体是我加入的说明。
系统相关
hostname //主机名称 cat /proc/version //系统版本 ifconfig eth0 //IP地址
软件相关
在进行配置的过程中,除了各种配置文件的录入问题导致出错外,还有一个比较容易出问题的地方就在于安装perl相关支持模块.在测试中,我尝试删除所有的perl及其相关模块,然后再重新安装perl基本模块,而其它的支持模块全部采用源码的方式,经统计共有67个之多.所以如果你也是按我的方法来安装配置的话,请先将这些东东下载下来,下载的方法是登录 [url]http://search.cpan.org/search[/url] ,然后在搜索栏中输入下列相关的模块,如要下载URI,方法见下图,其它的类同. 安装时请按从前往后从左向右的先后顺序进行。
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BerKeleyDB | Comperss-Raw-zlib | IO-Compress-Base | IO-Compress-Zlib | Compress-Zlib |
IO-Zlib | Array-Compcre | Sub-Updevel | Test-Simple | Test-Exception |
Tree-Dag-Node | Test-Warn | Net-SsLeay | IO-Socket-SSL | IO-String |
Algorithm-Diff | Text-Diff | Archive-Tar | Archive-Zip | DBI |
DBD-Mysql | IO-Socket-INET6 | IP-country | File-Temp | NetAddr-IP |
NET-CIDR-Lite | NET-IP | NET-Ident | Digest-SHA | Digest-SHAL |
Digest-HMAC | NET-DNS | Version | NET-DNS-Resolver -Programmable | HTML-Tagset |
HTML-Parser | Extutils-CBuilder | Encode-Detect | Extutils-Parsexs | Error |
GD | GD-securityImage | GD-securityImage -util | Unix-Syslog | Sys-Hostname -Long |
Regexp-Common | URI | Mail-SPF | Mail-SPF-Query | TimeDate |
Pod-Escapes | Pod-Simple | Test-Pod | MailTools | Mail-DKIM |
Crypt-Openssl- Random | Crypt-Openssl-RSA | Mail-DomainKeys | MIME-Tools | Libww-Perl |
SpamAssassin | Convery-TNEF | Convert-UUlib | NET-Server | Time-HiRes |
File-Tail | Log-Log4perl | 22.1 Socket6-0.19 | 41.1 PerlMagick |
卸载系统原有组件
因为这里的安装方式都是采用源码,所以如果系统中存在旧有的版本,则会引起冲突,这里要做的是把一些和源码包冲突的软件卸载.在使用命令进行查询时,当执行完命令后没有提示则表示系统未安装查询的组件,否则请卸载查询出来的组件。
rpm -qa | grep httpd //查询是否已安装软件 rpm -qa | grep mysql rpm -qa | grep php rpm -qa |grep sasl rpm -e --nodeps cyrus-sasl-md5-2.1.19-5.EL4 cyrus-sasl-2.1.19-5.EL4 \ cyrus-sasl-plain-2.1.19-5.EL4 cyrus-sasl-devel-2.1.19-5.EL4 //卸载SASL rpm -qa |grep sendmail service sendmail stop rpm -e --nodeps sendmail
rpm -qa |grep perl rpm -e --nodeps perl-XML-NamespaceSupport-1.08-6 \ perl-XML-Twig-3.13-6 perl-XML-LibXML-1.58-1 perl-URI-1.30-4 \ perl-DateManip-5.42a-3 perl-HTML-Parser-3.35-6 perl-libwww-perl-5.79-5 \ perl-libxml-perl-0.07-30 perl-XML-Encoding-1.01-26 perl-Digest-SHA1-2.07-5 \ perl-Net-DNS-0.48-1 perl-Convert-ASN1-0.18-3 perl-XML-Grove-0.46alpha-27 \ perl-LDAP-0.31-5 perl-XML-LibXML-Common-0.13-7 perl-Filter-1.30-6 \ perl-Parse-Yapp-1.05-32 perl-XML-Dumper-0.71-2 perl-Time-HiRes-1.55-3 \ perl-XML-SAX-0.12-7 perl-Crypt-SSLeay-0.51-5 perl-HTML-Tagset-3.03-30 \ perl-XML-Parser-2.34-5 perl-libxml-enno-1.02-31 perl-Digest-HMAC-1.01-13一:增加系统相关的用户和组
其中用户和组的作用相信大家看了前面的软件相关大概可以看出其作用了,其中vmail是用来登录Webmail的帐号,而postdrop则是在邮件中起postdrop的作用。
groupadd mysql groupadd vmail groupadd postfix groupadd postdrop groupadd amavis groupadd clamav groupmod -g 1001 vmail useradd mysql -g mysql useradd vmail -g vmail -u 1001 useradd postfix -g postfix useradd amavis -g amavis useradd clamav -g clamav
二:安装Mysql
1:安装
mv mysql-5.0.41-linux-i686 /usr/local/mysql cd /usr/local/mysql/ chown -R root . //注意这些地方的点号 chown -R mysql data chown -R mysql data/mysql/. chgrp -R mysql . cp ./support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
2:启动及共享链接库
bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql & /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqlshow -p echo "/usr/local/mysql/lib" >> /etc/ld.so.conf ldconfig -v //加入动态链接库中
3:加入到自动运行队列
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld chmod 700 /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld chkconfig --add mysqld chkconfig --level 345 mysqld on export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin三:安装Openssl
rpm -qa |grep ssl
四:安装BerkeleyDB
1:安装
tar zxvf db-4.5.20.tar.gz cd db-4.5.20/build_unix ../dist/configure --prefix=/usr/local/BerkeleyDB make make install
2:禁用和移除旧版本文件
mv /usr/include/db4 /usr/include/db4.off rm /usr/include/db_cxx.h rm /usr/include/db.h rm /usr/include/db_185.h
3:链接新文件到动态库
ln -sv /usr/local/BerkeleyDB/include /usr/include/db4 ln -sv /usr/local/BerkeleyDB/include/db.h /usr/include/db.h ln -sv /usr/local/BerkeleyDB/include/db_cxx.h /usr/include/db_cxx.h echo "/usr/local/BerkeleyDB/lib" >> /etc/ld.so.conf ldconfig -v
五:安装Apache
1:安装
tar zxvf httpd-2.2.4.tar.gz cd httpd-2.2.4 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/httpd --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd \ --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-track-vars --enable-rewrite \ --with-zlib --enable-mods-shared=most --enable-suexec --with-suexec-caller=daemon \ --with-suexec-docroot=/var/www/ make make install
2:加入到自动运行队列
echo "/usr/local/httpd/bin/apachectl start" >> /etc/rc.local
六:安装GD库
1:安装libpng
tar zxvf libpng-1.2.16.tar.gz cd libpng-1.2.16 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/png make make install ln -sv /usr/local/png/lib/* /usr/lib/
2:安装jpeg
mkdir /usr/local/jpeg mkdir /usr/local/jpeg/bin mkdir /usr/local/jpeg/lib mkdir /usr/local/jpeg/include mkdir /usr/local/jpeg/man mkdir /usr/local/jpeg/man/man1 tar zxvf jpegsrc.v6b.tar.gz cd jpeg-6b/ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/jpeg --enable-shared --enable-static make make install ln -sv /usr/local/jpeg/lib/* /usr/lib/
3:安装freetype
tar zxvf freetype-2.3.2.tar.gz cd freetype-2.3.2 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/freetype2 make make install
4:安装fontconfig
tar zxvf fontconfig-2.4.0.tar.gz cd fontconfig-2.4.0 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/fontconfig \ --with-freetype-config=/usr/local/freetype2/bin/freetype-config make make install
5:安装xmkmf
//安装xmkmf的原因是编译xpm时要用来这个工具 rpm -ivh freetype-devel-2.1.9-1.i386.rpm rpm -ivh fontconfig-devel-2.2.3-7.i386.rpm rpm -ivh xorg-x11-devel-6.8.1-23.EL.i386.rpm
6:安装xpm
//在rhel5中有直接的rpm包,librxpm.rpm libxpm-devel.rpm tar zxvf xpm-3.4k.tar.gz cd xpm-3.4k xmkmf -a make make install7:安装gd
tar zxvf gd-2.0.34.tar.gz cd gd-2.0.34 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/gd --with-png=/usr/local/png/ \ --with-jpeg=/usr/local/jpeg/ --with-freetyp=/usr/local/freetype2/ \ --with-fontconfig =/usr/local/fontconfig/--with-xpm cp /usr/local/png/include/png.h ./ cp /usr/local/png/include/pngconf.h ./ make make install七:安装courier-authlib
1:安装
tar jxvf courier-authlib-0.59.3.tar.bz2 cd courier-authlib-0.59.3 ./configure --with-redhat --with-authmysql=yes \ --with-mailuser=vmail --with-mailgroup=vmail --with-mysql-libs=/usr/local/mysql/lib \ --with-mysql-includes=/usr/local/mysql/include \ --prefix=/usr/local/authlib --without-stdheaderdir make make install make install-configure grep "authdaemonvar" \ /usr/local/authlib/etc/authlib/authdaemonrc //找出配置文件中authdaemonvar的设置 ##NAME: authdaemonvar:2 # authdaemonvar is here, but is not used directly by authdaemond. It's authdaemonvar=/usr/local/authlib/var/spool/authdaemon
2:更改相关配置文件
vi /usr/local/authlib/etc/authlib/authdaemonrc authmodulelist="authmysql" //第27行 authmodulelistorig="authmysql" //第34行 DEBUG_LOGIN=2 //第75行
//此文件中请不要使用空格符,应使用TAB键 vi /usr/local/authlib/etc/authlib/authmysqlrc MYSQL_SERVER localhost //26行 MYSQL_USERNAME extmail //27行 MYSQL_PASSWORD extmail //28行 MYSQL_DATABASE extmail //68行 MYSQL_SOCKET /tmp/mysql.sock //49行 MYSQL_USER_TABLE mailbox //75行 MYSQL_CLEAR_PWFIELD password //84行 DEFAULT_DOMAIN test.com //97行 MYSQL_UID_FIELD '1001' //105行 MYSQL_GID_FIELD '1001' //111行 MYSQL_LOGIN_FIELD username //120行 MYSQL_HOME_FIELD concat('/var/mailbox/',maildir) //125行 MYSQL_NAME_FIELD name //131行 MYSQL_MAILDIR_FIELD concat('/var/mailbox/',maildir) //142行 MYSQL_QUOTA_FIELD concat(quota,'S') //157行
3:共享链接库
echo "/usr/local/authlib/lib/courier-authlib" >> /etc/ld.so.conf ldconfig -v
4:启动及加入到自动运行队列
cp courier-authlib.sysvinit /etc/init.d/courier-authlib chmod 755 /etc/init.d/courier-authlib chkconfig --add courier-authlib chkconfig --level 2345 courier-authlib on service courier-authlib start chmod +x /usr/local/authlib/var/spool/authdaemon八:安装SASL
1:安装
tar zxvf cyrus-sasl-2.1.21.tar.gz cd cyrus-sasl-2.1.21 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/sasl2 \ --disable-anon -enable-plain --enable-login --enable-sql \ --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysql-includes=/usr/local/mysql/include \ --with-mysql-libs=/usr/local/mysql/lib \ --with-authdaemond=/usr/local/authlib/var/spool/authdaemon/socket patch -p1 < sasl.patch //只在出现下面的错时才用 make make install
如果在编译的过程中出现如"client.c:64: error: static declaration of 'global_callbacks' follows non-static declaration saslint.h:112…",需要加一个补丁程序,然后再执行编译过程。我的在rhel4下没出现错误,但在rhel5下出现错误.文件的内容如下:
vi sasl.patch --- cyrus-sasl-2.1.20/lib/client.c~ 2003-11-11 11:26:06.000000000 -0500 +++ cyrus-sasl-2.1.20/lib/client.c 2005-05-31 22:34:14.000000000 -0400 @@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ static cmech_list_t *cmechlist; /* global var which holds the list */ -static sasl_global_callbacks_t global_callbacks; +sasl_global_callbacks_t global_callbacks; static int _sasl_client_active = 0;
2:共享链接库
mv /usr/lib/sasl2 /usr/lib/sasl2.OFF ln -sv /usr/local/sasl2/lib/* /usr/lib ln -sv /usr/local/sasl2/lib/* /usr/local/lib ln -sv /usr/local/sasl2/include/sasl/* /usr/local/include mkdir -pv /var/state/saslauthd echo "/usr/local/sasl2/lib" >> /etc/ld.so.conf echo "/usr/local/sasl2/lib/sasl2" >> /etc/ld.so.conf ldconfig -v
3:启动及加入到自动运行队列
echo "/usr/local/sasl2/sbin/saslauthd -a shadow pam">>/etc/rc.local /usr/local/sasl2/sbin/saslauthd -a shadow pam
4:新建配置文件
vi /usr/local/lib/sasl2/smtpd.conf pwcheck_method:authdaemond mech_list:PLAIN LOGIN log_level:3 authdaemond_path:/usr/local/authlib/var/spool/authdaemon/socket过程写得比较详细,所以感觉有点长,慢慢来吧,下回再继续了。