1.6 配置ip地址 1.7 网络问题排查

1.6 配置ip地址

ip addr---显示网络环境信息
ifconfig---显示网卡信息
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/+ifcfg-eth0----查看网卡配置信息并可以进行修改

[root@localhost ~]# ip add
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eno16777736: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:50:56:31:83:c9 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.80.129/24 brd 192.168.80.255 scope global dynamic eno16777736
valid_lft 1279sec preferred_lft 1279sec
inet6 fe80::250:56ff:fe31:83c9/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

        ![](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201712/12/3369332bba50a45ac2414875ab6ec74f.jpg?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)

         查看网卡的配置路径

[root@localhost ~]# ls /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
ifcfg-eno16777736 ifdown-ipv6 ifdown-Team ifup-ib ifup-post ifup-wireless
ifcfg-lo ifdown-isdn ifdown-TeamPort ifup-ippp ifup-ppp init.ipv6-global
ifdown ifdown-ovs ifdown-tunnel ifup-ipv6 ifup-routes network-functions
ifdown-bnep ifdown-post ifup ifup-isdn ifup-sit network-functions-ipv6
ifdown-eth ifdown-ppp ifup-aliases ifup-ovs ifup-Team
ifdown-ib ifdown-routes ifup-bnep ifup-plip ifup-TeamPort
ifdown-ippp ifdown-sit ifup-eth ifup-plusb ifup-tunnel

编辑网卡的配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eno16777736
网卡配置信息：
TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=dhcp---dhcp获取，可以改为静态ip地址-static
DEFROUTE=yes
PEERDNS=yes
iPEERROUTES=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_PEERDNS=yes
IPV6_PEERROUTES=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
NAME=ifcfg-eth0
UUID=29110982-271d-4a09-956a-ef94bb00135f
DEVICE=eno16777736
ONBOOT=yes---重启设备保持网卡启动

更改网卡配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eno16777736
TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=static
NAME=ifcfg-eth0
UUID=29110982-271d-4a09-956a-ef94bb00135f
DEVICE=eno16777736
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.80.129
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.80.1
DNS=192.168.80.1
[root@localhost ~]#

重启网卡的配置文件，使其生效
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart network.service
备注：
实际生产环境中，上述命令是对所有网卡服务进行重启，这是不允许的；应该重启某个网卡
ifdown eth0
ifup eth0

[root@localhost ~]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eno16777736: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:50:56:31:83:c9 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.80.129/24 brd 192.168.80.255 scope global eno16777736
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

1.7 网络问题排查
ifdown+eth0---使能网卡关闭
ifup+eth0---使能激活网卡

[root@localhost ~]# dhclient -r
[root@localhost ~]# dhclient
dhclient---自动获取IP地址

如果不能ping通外网，需要排查的点有，
（1）网卡的ip、mask、gw配置信息是否正确
（2）网络的dns解析配置是否正常，dns地址是否正确
（3）在实际生产环境中，在ifcfg-eth0里面一般配置ip gw mask 不配置dns
dns一般在etc目录下的resolv.conf里面进行配置

转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/wbyyy/2049715