ASP.NET MVC 下拉列表实现

https://blog.csdn.net/Ryan_laojiang/article/details/75349555?locationNum=10&fps=1

 

前言

我们今天开始好好讲讲关于MVC中下拉框中绑定枚举的几种方式。

话题引入

一般在下拉框中绑定数据的话，分为几种情况。

（1）下拉框中的数据是写死的，我们直接给出死代码即可。

（2）下拉框中的数据从数据库中读取出来，从而进行显示。

（3）下拉框中直接用枚举显示。

（4）下拉框中一个选择的值改变另外一个下拉框中的值。

关于下拉框中绑定大概就是以上四种方式，接下来我们一一来破解，我们样式利用Bootstrap来表示，顺便也温习温习Bootstrap。

下拉框硬编码【一】

我们在控制器中给出如下数据并利用ViewBag来进行传递

           ViewBag.hard_value = new List<SelectListItem>() { 
                new SelectListItem(){Value="0",Text="xpy0928"}, new SelectListItem(){Value="1",Text="cnblogs"} };

在数据中进行如下绑定

  @Html.DropDownList("hard-code-dropdownlist", new SelectList(ViewBag.hard_value, "Value", "Text"), new { @class = "btn btn-success dropdown-toggle form-control" })

下面我们来看看效果：

下拉框读取数据库【二】

这个要读取数据库，我们就给出一个类测试就ok，并给出默认选中值，测试类：

        public class BlogCategory
        {
            public int CategoryId { get; set; } public string CategoryName { get; set; } }

绑定ViewBag传值：

            //从数据库中读取
            var categoryList = new List<BlogCategory>() { 
                new BlogCategory(){CategoryId=1,CategoryName="C#"}, new BlogCategory(){CategoryId=2,CategoryName="Java"}, new BlogCategory(){CategoryId=3,CategoryName="JavaScript"}, new BlogCategory(){CategoryId=4,CategoryName="C"} }; var selectItemList = new List<SelectListItem>() { new SelectListItem(){Value="0",Text="全部",Selected=true} }; var selectList = new SelectList(categoryList, "CategoryId", "CategoryName"); selectItemList.AddRange(selectList); ViewBag.database = selectItemList;

视图稍加修改：

@Html.DropDownList("database-dropdownlist", ViewBag.database as IEnumerable<SelectListItem>, new { @class = "btn btn-success dropdown-toggle form-control" })

看看效果：

注意：上述视图中 ViewBag.database 需要进行转换否则出现如下错误：

 CS1973: “System.Web.Mvc.HtmlHelper<dynamic>”没有名为“DropDownList”的适用方法，但似乎有一个具有该名称的扩展方法。扩展方法不能进行动态调度。请考虑强制转换动态参数，或调用该扩展方法但不使用扩展方法语法。

下拉框绑定枚举【三】（一）

 我们同样给出一个测试类：

        public enum Language
        {
            Chinese,
            English,
            Japan,
            Spanish,
            Urdu
        }

获取枚举值并绑定：

 ViewBag.from_enum = Enum.GetValues(typeof(Language)).Cast<Language>();

视图给出：

  @Html.DropDownList("database-dropdownlist", new SelectList(ViewBag.from_enum), new { @class = "btn btn-success dropdown-toggle form-control" })

继续看看成果：

下拉框绑定枚举【三】（二）

 利用扩展方法  @Html.EnumDropDownListFor 来实现。接下来依次给出两个类来进行演示：

    public class StudentModel
    {
        [Display(Name = "语言")] public ProgrammingLanguages Language { get; set; } }

    public enum ProgrammingLanguages
    {
        [Display(Name = "ASP.NET")] ASPNet, [Display(Name = "C# .NET")] CSharp, [Display(Name = "Java")] Java, [Display(Name = "Objective C")] ObjectiveC, [Display(Name = "Visual Basic .NET")] VBNet, [Display(Name = "Visual DataFlex")] VisualDataFlex, [Display(Name = "Visual Fortran")] VisualFortran, [Display(Name = "Visual FoxPro")] VisualFoxPro, [Display(Name = "Visual J++")] VisualJPlus }

在视图中进行绑定：

   <div class="form-group"> @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Language, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" }) <div class="col-md-10"> @Html.EnumDropDownListFor(model => model.Language, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "form-control" }) @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Language, "", new { @class = "text-danger" }) </div> </div>

我们看看结果：

下拉框选择则另一个下拉框对应改变 【四】

此例最合适的例子莫过于省市选择的案例。我们一起来看看。

（1）所属省、市一级雇员类。

    public class Province
    {
        public int provinceId { get; set; } public string provinceName { get; set; } public string Abbr { get; set; } }

    public class City
    {
        public int CityId { get; set; } public string CityName { get; set; } public int provinceId { get; set; } }

    public class Employees
    {

        [Key]
        public int EmployeeId { get; set; } [Required, Display(Name = "雇员名字")] public string EmployeeName { get; set; } [Required, Display(Name = "地址")] public String Address { get; set; } [Required, Display(Name = "所属省")] public int Province { get; set; } [Required, Display(Name = "所在城市")] public int City { get; set; } [Display(Name = "地区代码")] public String ZipCode { get; set; } [Required, Display(Name = "联系号码")] public String Phone { get; set; } }

（2）初始化数据

 List<Province> provinceList = new List<Province>() { 
                new Province(){provinceId=1,provinceName="湖南",Abbr="hunan_province"}, new Province(){provinceId=2,provinceName="广东",Abbr="guangdong_province"}, new Province(){provinceId=3,provinceName="吉林",Abbr="jilin_province"}, new Province(){provinceId=4,provinceName="黑龙江",Abbr="heilongjiang_province"} };

以及绑定ViewBag到下拉框和控制器上的方法：

        [HttpGet]
        public ActionResult Create()
        {

            ViewBag.ProvinceList = provinceList;
            var model = new Employees(); return View(model); } [HttpPost] public ActionResult Create(Employees model) { if (ModelState.IsValid) { } ViewBag.ProvinceList = provinceList; return View(model); } public ActionResult FillCity(int provinceId) { var cities = new List<City>() { new City(){CityId=10,CityName="岳阳市",provinceId=1}, new City(){CityId=10,CityName="深圳市",provinceId=2}, new City(){CityId=10,CityName="吉林市",provinceId=3}, new City(){CityId=10,CityName="哈尔滨市",provinceId=4} }; cities = cities.Where(s => s.provinceId == provinceId).ToList(); return Json(cities, JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet); }

 （3）视图展示

    @using (Html.BeginForm())
    {
        @Html.AntiForgeryToken()

        <div class="form-horizontal"> <h4>注册雇员</h4> <div class="form-group"> @Html.LabelFor(m => m.EmployeeName, new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" }) <div class="col-md-10"> @Html.TextBoxFor(m => m.EmployeeName, new { @class = "form-control" }) @Html.ValidationMessageFor(m => m.EmployeeName, "", new { @class = "text-danger" }) </div> </div> <div class="form-group"> @Html.LabelFor(m => m.Address, new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" }) <div class="col-md-10"> @Html.TextBoxFor(m => m.Address, new { @class = "form-control" }) @Html.ValidationMessageFor(m => m.Address, "", new { @class = "text-danger" }) </div> </div> <div class="form-group"> @Html.LabelFor(m => m.Province, new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" }) <div class="col-md-10"> @Html.DropDownListFor(m => m.Province, new SelectList(ViewBag.ProvinceList, "provinceId", "provinceName"), "选择所在省", new { @class = "form-control", @onchange = "FillCity()" }) @Html.ValidationMessageFor(m => m.Province, "", new { @class = "text-danger" }) </div> </div> <div class="form-group"> @Html.LabelFor(m => m.City, new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" }) <div class="col-md-10"> @Html.DropDownListFor(m => m.City, new SelectList(Enumerable.Empty<SelectListItem>(), "CityId", "CityName"), "选择所在市", new { @class = "form-control" }) @Html.ValidationMessageFor(m => m.City, "", new { @class = "text-danger" }) </div> </div> <div class="form-group"> @Html.LabelFor(m => m.ZipCode, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" }) <div class="col-md-10"> @Html.TextBoxFor(m => m.ZipCode, new { @class = "form-control" }) @Html.ValidationMessageFor(m => m.ZipCode, "", new { @class = "text-danger" }) </div> </div> <div class="form-group"> @Html.LabelFor(m => m.Phone, new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" }) <div class="col-md-10"> @Html.TextBoxFor(m => m.Phone, new { @class = "form-control" }) @Html.ValidationMessageFor(m => m.Phone, "", new { @class = "text-danger" }) </div> </div> <div class="form-group"> <div class="col-md-offset-2 col-md-10"> <input type="submit" value="Create" class="btn btn-success" /> <a href="/Home/Employees" class="btn btn-warning">Cancel</a> </div> </div> </div> }

（4）根据省下拉框选择到市下拉框脚本

       function FillCity() {
            var provinceId = $('#Province').val();
            $.ajax({
                url: '/Home/FillCity',
                type: "GET", dataType: "JSON", data: { provinceId: provinceId }, success: function (cities) { $("#City").html(""); $.each(cities, function (i, city) { $("#City").append( $('<option></option>').val(city.CityId).html(city.CityName)); }); } }); }

我们来看看整个过程：

 

结语

 对于下拉框绑定基本上已全部囊括进去，不断钻研，不断总结才能有能力上更好的提升。希望对阅读本文的你有所帮助，如果有帮助，不妨讨打（乞讨打赏）一下，1块也是爱:)。

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/oshoh/p/9587794.html