一 with
python中的with的作用是自动释放对象,即使对象在使用的过程中有异常抛出。可以使用with的类型必须实现__enter__ __exit__。我的理解是=try...finally{},在finally中调用了释放函数。
[类似与CSharp中的using(){}关键字,用来自动确保调用对象的dispose()方法,即使对象有异常抛出。C#中可以使用using{}的对象必须已经实现了IDispose接口。]
def
TestWith():
with open( " myfile.txt " ) as f:
for line in f:
print (line)
f.readline() # f is already clean up here, here will meet ValueError exception
TestWith()
with open( " myfile.txt " ) as f:
for line in f:
print (line)
f.readline() # f is already clean up here, here will meet ValueError exception
TestWith()
在with语句执行完以后,f对象马上就被释放了。所以下面在调用f.readline()会出错。
二 with + try...except
既能让对象自动释放,又包含了异常捕获的功能。
class
controlled_execution(object):
def __init__ (self, filename):
self.filename = filename
self.f = None
def __enter__ (self):
try :
f = open(self.filename, ' r ' )
content = f.read()
return content
except IOError as e:
print (e)
def __exit__ (self, type, value, traceback):
if self.f:
print ( ' type:%s, value:%s, traceback:%s ' % (str(type), str(value), str(traceback)))
self.f.close()
def TestWithAndException():
with controlled_execution( " myfile.txt " ) as thing:
if thing:
print (thing)
# TestWithAndException()
def __init__ (self, filename):
self.filename = filename
self.f = None
def __enter__ (self):
try :
f = open(self.filename, ' r ' )
content = f.read()
return content
except IOError as e:
print (e)
def __exit__ (self, type, value, traceback):
if self.f:
print ( ' type:%s, value:%s, traceback:%s ' % (str(type), str(value), str(traceback)))
self.f.close()
def TestWithAndException():
with controlled_execution( " myfile.txt " ) as thing:
if thing:
print (thing)
# TestWithAndException()
参考: