C#与USB HID间的通信

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-28 10:19:18 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-10-28 10:19:18 发布

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文章标签： c# 嵌入式

原文: C#与USB HID间的通信

C#与USBHID接口的通讯相对于与串口间的通讯较为复杂，其中需要多次调用到Windows的一些API。其原理编者尚未全部理清，以下提供简单的USBHID通讯流程。（参考网友资料）

一、获取所有连接HID的设备信息。

1.通过一个空的GUID来获取HID的全局GUID。

Guid HIDGuid = Guid.Empty;

///

/// The HidD_GetHidGuid routine returns the device interface GUID for HIDClass devices.

///

/// a caller-allocated GUID buffer that the routine uses to return the device interface GUID for HIDClass devices.

[DllImport("hid.dll")]

private static extern void HidD_GetHidGuid(ref Guid HidGuid);

2.通过获取到的HID全局GUID来获取包含所有HID接口信息集合的句柄。

IntPtr HIDInfoSet= SetupDiGetClassDevs(ref HIDGuid,0,IntPtr.Zero,DIGCF.DIGCF_PRESENT|DIGCF.DIGCF_DEVICEINTERFACE);

///

/// The SetupDiGetClassDevs function returns a handle to a device information set that contains requested device information elements for a local machine.

///

/// GUID for a device setup class or a device interface class.

/// A pointer to a NULL-terminated string that supplies the name of a PnP enumerator or a PnP device instance identifier.

/// A handle of the top-level window to be used for a user interface

/// A variable that specifies control options that filter the device information elements that are added to the device information set.

///

/// a handle to a device information set

[DllImport("setupapi.dll", SetLastError = true)]

private static extern IntPtr SetupDiGetClassDevs(ref Guid ClassGuid, uint Enumerator, IntPtr HwndParent, USBHIDEnum.DIGCF Flags);

相关枚举：

public enum DIGCF

{

DIGCF_DEFAULT = 0x00000001,

DIGCF_PRESENT = 0x00000002,

DIGCF_ALLCLASSES = 0x00000004,

DIGCF_PROFILE = 0x00000008,

DIGCF_DEVICEINTERFACE = 0x00000010

}

3.获取接口信息。

///

/// The SetupDiEnumDeviceInterfaces function enumerates the device interfaces that are contained in a device information set.

///

/// A pointer to a device information set that contains the device interfaces for which to return information

/// A pointer to an SP_DEVINFO_DATA structure that specifies a device information element in DeviceInfoSet

/// a GUID that specifies the device interface class for the requested interface

/// A zero-based index into the list of interfaces in the device information set

/// a caller-allocated buffer that contains a completed SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA structure that identifies an interface that meets the search parameters

///

[DllImport("setupapi.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]

private static extern Boolean SetupDiEnumDeviceInterfaces(IntPtr deviceInfoSet, IntPtr deviceInfoData, ref Guid interfaceClassGuid, UInt32 memberIndex, ref DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA deviceInterfaceData);

接口信息定义为：

public struct DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA

{

public int cbSize;

public Guid interfaceClassGuid;

public int flags;

public int reserved;

}

4.获取接口详细信息，在第一次主要是读取缓存信息

int requiredSize =0;

///

/// The SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetail function returns details about a device interface.

///

/// A pointer to the device information set that contains the interface for which to retrieve details

/// A pointer to an SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA structure that specifies the interface in DeviceInfoSet for which to retrieve details

/// A pointer to an SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA structure to receive information about the specified interface

/// The size of the DeviceInterfaceDetailData buffer

/// A pointer to a variable that receives the required size of the DeviceInterfaceDetailData buffer

/// A pointer buffer to receive information about the device that supports the requested interface

///

[DllImport("setupapi.dll", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]

private static extern bool SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetail(IntPtr deviceInfoSet, ref DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA deviceInterfaceData, IntPtr deviceInterfaceDetailData, int deviceInterfaceDetailDataSize, ref int requiredSize, DEVINFO_DATA deviceInfoData);

接口信息定义：

[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]

public class DEVINFO_DATA

{

public int cbSize = Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(DEVINFO_DATA));

public Guid classGuid = Guid.Empty;

public int devInst = 0;

public int reserved = 0;

}

5.第二次获取详细信息，与第一相同。

若Windows API SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetail返回数值为true则添加设备信息

ListdeviceList=new List();

deviceList.Add(Marshal.PtrToStringAuto((IntPtr)((int)pDetail + 4)));

6.删除设备信息并释放内存。

///

/// The SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList function deletes a device information set and frees all associated memory.

///

/// A handle to the device information set to delete.

/// returns TRUE if it is successful. Otherwise, it returns FALSE

[DllImport("setupapi.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]

private static extern Boolean SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(IntPtr HIDInfoSet);

到此便获取到所有的设备。

二、通过获取到的设备信息打开指定的HID设备。

1.创建，打开设备信息。

///

/// This function creates, opens, or truncates a file, COM port, device, service, or console.

///

/// a null-terminated string that specifies the name of the object

/// Type of access to the object

/// Share mode for object

/// Ignored; set to NULL

/// Action to take on files that exist, and which action to take when files do not exist

/// File attributes and flags for the file

/// Ignored

/// An open handle to the specified file indicates success

[DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]

//private static extern IntPtr CreateFile(string fileName, uint desiredAccess, uint shareMode, uint securityAttributes, uint creationDisposition, uint flagsAndAttributes, uint templateFile);

static extern IntPtr CreateFile(

string FileName, // 文件名

uint DesiredAccess, // 访问模式

uint ShareMode, // 共享模式

uint SecurityAttributes, // 安全属性

uint CreationDisposition, // 如何创建

uint FlagsAndAttributes, // 文件属性

int hTemplateFile // 模板文件的句柄

);

其中文件名为相对应的设备名deviceList[index]

2.获取设备属性

///