/etc/my.cnf

[mysql]

default-character-set = utf8mb4

[mysqld]

character-set-server = utf8mb4


重启mysql

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES WHERE Variable_name LIKE 'character\_set\_%' OR Variable_name LIKE 'collation%';

+--------------------------+--------------------+

| Variable_name            | Value              |

+--------------------------+--------------------+

| character_set_client    | utf8mb4            |

| character_set_connection | utf8mb4            |

| character_set_database  | utf8mb4            |

| character_set_filesystem | binary            |

| character_set_results    | utf8mb4            |

| character_set_server    | utf8mb4            |

| character_set_system    | utf8              |

| collation_connection    | utf8mb4_unicode_ci |

| collation_database      | utf8mb4_unicode_ci |

| collation_server        | utf8mb4_unicode_ci |