通过IViewObject接口,取浏览器的图象,实现SNAP-CSDN博客

通过IViewObject接口,取浏览器的图象,实现SNAP

今天又见到snap实现的文章,看来对此感兴趣的人挺多的.实现这个功能确实很'眩',我也来做一个把玩一下.
我的做法不是 Control.DrawToBitmap ,而是直接QueryInterface 浏览器Com对象的 IViewObject 接口,用它实现的Draw方法,画到图象上.

首先定义IViewObject的接口声名,如下:

IVewObject接口声明

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;

using System.Security;

using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

using System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes;

namespace SnapLibrary

{

/**//// <summary>

/// 从 .Net 2.0 的 System.Windows.Forms.Dll 库提取

/// </summary>

[SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity]

internal static class UnsafeNativeMethods

{

public static Guid IID_IViewObject = new Guid("{0000010d-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}");

[ComImport, Guid("0000010d-0000-0000-C000-000000000046"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]

public interface IViewObject

{

[PreserveSig]

int Draw([In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)] int dwDrawAspect, int lindex, IntPtr pvAspect, [In] NativeMethods.tagDVTARGETDEVICE ptd, IntPtr hdcTargetDev, IntPtr hdcDraw, [In] NativeMethods.COMRECT lprcBounds, [In] NativeMethods.COMRECT lprcWBounds, IntPtr pfnContinue, [In] int dwContinue);

[PreserveSig]

int GetColorSet([In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)] int dwDrawAspect, int lindex, IntPtr pvAspect, [In] NativeMethods.tagDVTARGETDEVICE ptd, IntPtr hicTargetDev, [Out] NativeMethods.tagLOGPALETTE ppColorSet);

[PreserveSig]

int Freeze([In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)] int dwDrawAspect, int lindex, IntPtr pvAspect, [Out] IntPtr pdwFreeze);

[PreserveSig]

int Unfreeze([In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)] int dwFreeze);

void SetAdvise([In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)] int aspects, [In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)] int advf, [In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Interface)] IAdviseSink pAdvSink);

void GetAdvise([In, Out, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray)] int[] paspects, [In, Out, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray)] int[] advf, [In, Out, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray)] IAdviseSink[] pAdvSink);

}

该接口.net 自己带了,只是internal形式,所以只有想办法用Reflector 将它弄出来,相关的还有几个类,分别是tagLOGPALETTE,COMRECT,tagDVTARGETDEVICE.
定义如下:

相关定义

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;

using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

using System.Drawing;

namespace SnapLibrary

{

/**//// <summary>

/// 从 .Net 2.0 的 System.Windows.Forms.Dll 库提取

/// </summary>

internal static class NativeMethods

{

[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]

public sealed class tagDVTARGETDEVICE

{

[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)]

public int tdSize;

[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U2)]

public short tdDriverNameOffset;

[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U2)]

public short tdDeviceNameOffset;

[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U2)]

public short tdPortNameOffset;

[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U2)]

public short tdExtDevmodeOffset;

}

[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]

public class COMRECT

{

public int left;

public int top;

public int right;

public int bottom;

public COMRECT()

{

}

public COMRECT(Rectangle r)

{

this.left = r.X;

this.top = r.Y;

this.right = r.Right;

this.bottom = r.Bottom;

}

public COMRECT(int left, int top, int right, int bottom)

{

this.left = left;

this.top = top;

this.right = right;

this.bottom = bottom;

}

public static NativeMethods.COMRECT FromXYWH(int x, int y, int width, int height)

{

return new NativeMethods.COMRECT(x, y, x + width, y + height);

}

public override string ToString()

{

return string.Concat(new object[]

{ "Left = ", this.left, " Top ", this.top, " Right = ", this.right, " Bottom = ", this.bottom });

}

[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]

public sealed class tagLOGPALETTE

{

[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U2)]

public short palVersion;

[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U2)]

public short palNumEntries;

}

现在可以通过 Marshal.QueryInterface 将浏览器COM实例的IViewObject接口取出:

// 获取接口

object hret = Marshal.QueryInterface(Marshal.GetIUnknownForObject(pUnknown), ref UnsafeNativeMethods.IID_IViewObject, out pViewObject);

pUnknown为 com对象实例.

将IViewObject 指针对象 pViewObject 转化为接口对象.

ViewObject = Marshal.GetTypedObjectForIUnknown(pViewObject, typeof(SnapLibrary.UnsafeNativeMethods.IViewObject)) as SnapLibrary.UnsafeNativeMethods.IViewObject;

调用draw方法,绘制到图象上,以下是TakeSnapshot方法的完整代码:

Snapshot类

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;

using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

using System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes;

using System.Drawing;

using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace SnapLibrary

{

/**//// <summary>

/// ActiveX 组件快照类

/// AcitveX 必须实现 IViewObject 接口

///

/// 作者:随飞

/// http://chinasf.cnblogs.com

/// chinasf@hotmail.com

/// </summary>

public class Snapshot

{

/**//// <summary>

/// 取快照

/// </summary>

/// <param name="pUnknown">Com 对象</param>

/// <param name="bmpRect">图象大小</param>

/// <returns></returns>

public Bitmap TakeSnapshot(object pUnknown, Rectangle bmpRect)

{

if (pUnknown == null)

return null;

//必须为com对象

if (!Marshal.IsComObject(pUnknown))

return null;

//IViewObject 接口

SnapLibrary.UnsafeNativeMethods.IViewObject ViewObject = null;

IntPtr pViewObject = IntPtr.Zero;

//内存图

Bitmap pPicture = new Bitmap(bmpRect.Width, bmpRect.Height);

Graphics hDrawDC = Graphics.FromImage(pPicture);

//获取接口

object hret = Marshal.QueryInterface(Marshal.GetIUnknownForObject(pUnknown),

ref UnsafeNativeMethods.IID_IViewObject, out pViewObject);

try

{

ViewObject = Marshal.GetTypedObjectForIUnknown(pViewObject, typeof(SnapLibrary.UnsafeNativeMethods.IViewObject)) as SnapLibrary.UnsafeNativeMethods.IViewObject;

//调用Draw方法

ViewObject.Draw((int)DVASPECT.DVASPECT_CONTENT,

-1,

IntPtr.Zero,

null,

IntPtr.Zero,

hDrawDC.GetHdc(),

new NativeMethods.COMRECT(bmpRect),

null,

IntPtr.Zero,

0);

}

catch (Exception ex)

{

Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);

throw ex;

}

//释放

hDrawDC.Dispose();

return pPicture;

}

到此既完成了对Com对象的图象抓取.那么现在给它提供一个浏览器的实例,让它实现对 web page 的快照吧.
.net 2.0提供了webbrowser对象,它是对activex对象的包装,它的使用很简单,这里就不详细说明.
WebBrowser 对象的实例的属性ActiveXInstance就是它的原生COM对象,获取它的IVewObject接口,即可调用它实现的Draw方法把网页绘制到指定的DC上.

以下是对webbrowser对象的包装类,结合Snapshot 类的类代码:

web 页面快照类

/**//// <summary>

/// web 页面快照类

/// </summary>

public class WebPageSnapshot : IDisposable

{

string url = "about:blank";

/**//// <summary>

/// 简单构造一个 WebBrowser 对象

/// 更灵活的应该是直接引用浏览器的com对象实现稳定控制

/// </summary>

WebBrowser wb = new WebBrowser();

/**//// <summary>

/// URL 地址

/// http://www.cnblogs.com

/// </summary>

public string Url

{

get

{ return url; }

set

{ url = value; }

}

int width = 1024;

/**//// <summary>

/// 图象宽度

/// </summary>

public int Width

{

get

{ return width; }

set

{ width = value; }

}

int height = 768;

/**//// <summary>

/// 图象高度

/// </summary>

public int Height

{

get

{ return height; }

set

{ height = value; }

}

/**//// <summary>

/// 初始化

/// </summary>

protected void InitComobject()

{

try

{

wb.ScriptErrorsSuppressed = false;

wb.ScrollBarsEnabled = false;

wb.Size = new Size(1024, 768);

wb.Navigate(this.url);

//因为没有窗体，所以必须如此

while (wb.ReadyState != WebBrowserReadyState.Complete)

System.Windows.Forms.Application.DoEvents();

wb.Stop();

if (wb.ActiveXInstance == null)

throw new Exception("实例不能为空");

}

catch (Exception ex)

{

Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);

throw ex;

}

/**//// <summary>

/// 获取快照

/// </summary>

/// <returns>Bitmap</returns>

public Bitmap TakeSnapshot()

{

try

{

InitComobject();

//构造snapshot类，抓取浏览器ActiveX的图象

SnapLibrary.Snapshot snap = new SnapLibrary.Snapshot();

return snap.TakeSnapshot(wb.ActiveXInstance, new Rectangle(0, 0, this.width, this.height));

}

catch (Exception ex)

{

Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);

throw ex;

}

public void Dispose()

{

wb.Dispose();

}

这里提供一个测试用的代码:

class Program

{

/**//// <summary>

/// 测试

/// </summary>

/// <param name="args"></param>

[STAThread]

static void Main(string[] args)

{

//web 页面快照

WebPageSnapshot wps = new WebPageSnapshot();

if (args != null && args.Length > 1)

wps.Url = args[0];

else

wps.Url = "http://www.cnblogs.com";

try

{

//保存到文件

wps.TakeSnapshot().Save("1.bmp");

}

catch (Exception ex)

{

Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);

Console.ReadLine();

}

wps.Dispose();

}

工程原始代码下载:
/Files/Chinasf/SnapLibrary.rar

当然,这样做可能太复杂了，因为.net 为我们简化了所有的工作,简单到任意的contrl对象都支持DrawToBitmap 方法.不过想要了解机制的朋友们,可以研究一下.

2006年12月26日 8:55:14 修正:请到Snapshot类中增加一句释放引用接口的代码.
Snapshot..

try

{

//ViewObject = Marshal.GetObjectForIUnknown(pViewObject) as SnapLibrary.UnsafeNativeMethods.IViewObject;

ViewObject = Marshal.GetTypedObjectForIUnknown(pViewObject, typeof(SnapLibrary.UnsafeNativeMethods.IViewObject)) as SnapLibrary.UnsafeNativeMethods.IViewObject;

//调用Draw方法

ViewObject.Draw((int)DVASPECT.DVASPECT_CONTENT,

-1,

IntPtr.Zero,

null,

IntPtr.Zero,

hDrawDC.GetHdc(),

new NativeMethods.COMRECT(bmpRect),

null,

IntPtr.Zero,

0);

Marshal.Release(pViewObject);