全局变量和局部变量

局部变量不能在全局作用域内使用

>>> def spam():
    eggs = 31337
    return eggs

>>> spam()
31337
>>> print(eggs)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<pyshell#20>", line 1, in <module>
    print(eggs)
NameError: name 'eggs' is not defined

局部作用域不能使用其他局部作用域的变量

>>> def spam():
    eggs = 99
    bacon()
    print(eggs)

>>> def bacon():
    ham = 101
    eggs = 0
        return eggs       
    
>>> spam()
99

全局变量可以在局部作用域中读取

>>> def spam():
    print(eggs)
    
>>> eggs = 42
>>> spam()
42
>>> print(eggs)
42

名称相同的全局变量和局部变量

>>> def spam():
    eggs = 'spam local'
    print(eggs)

>>> def bacon():
    eggs = 'bacon local'
    print(eggs)
    spam()
    print(eggs)

>>> eggs = 'global'

>>> bacon()
bacon local
spam local
bacon local

>>> print(eggs)
global

global 语句 （在一个函数内修改全局变量）

>>> def spam():
    global eggs
    eggs = 'spam'
    
>>> eggs = 'global'
>>> spam()
>>> print(eggs)
spam


>>> def spam():
    global eggs
    eggs = 'spam'
    
>>> eggs = 'global'
>>> print(eggs)
global

>>> def spam():
    global eggs
    eggs = 'spam'    
>>> def bacon():
    eggs = 'bacon'
    return eggs
>>> def ham():
    print(eggs)
    
>>> eggs = 42
>>> bacon()
'bacon'
>>> ham()
42
>>> print(eggs)
42

>>> spam()
>>> bacon()
'bacon'
>>> ham()
spam
>>> print(eggs)
spam

 

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/lnliyang/p/8585858.html