[转]GridView导出到Excel或Word文件

GridView导出到Excel或Word文件

        在项目中我们经常会遇到要求将一些数据导出成Excel或者Word表格的情况，比如中国移动（我是中国移动用户）网上查话费的页面中就有一个导出到Excel的功能，光大网上银行查看历史明细也有这些功能....，原本以为这个问题不难的，不过看到网上经常有朋友问，于是我整理了一下，供大家参考。

        前台页面：

< %@  Page   Language ="C#"   AutoEventWireup ="true"   CodeFile ="ExportDemo.aspx.cs"   Inherits ="ExportDemo"  % >  

< !DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" >  

< html   xmlns ="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"   >  
< head   runat ="server" >  
         < title >GridView导出到Excel或Word文件——周公的博客：http://blog.csdn.net </title>  
</head>  
< body >  
         < form   id ="form1"   runat ="server" >  
         < div >  
                 < asp:GridView   ID ="gvPersonList"   runat ="server"   AutoGenerateColumns ="False" >  
                         < Columns >  
                                 < asp:BoundField   DataField ="Id"   HeaderText ="编号"   />  
                                 < asp:BoundField   DataField ="Name"   HeaderText ="姓名"   />  
                                 < asp:TemplateField   HeaderText ="性别" >  
                                         < ItemTemplate >  
                                                 < %#   Eval("Sex").ToString()= ="true"?"男":"女" % >  
                                         </ItemTemplate>  
                                 </asp:TemplateField>  
                                 < asp:BoundField   DataField ="Age"   HeaderText ="年龄"   />  
                                 < asp:TemplateField   HeaderText ="婚否" >  
                                         < ItemTemplate >  
                                                 < %#  Boolean.Parse(Eval("Married").ToString())==true?"是":"否" % >  
                                         </ItemTemplate>  
                                 </asp:TemplateField>  
                         </Columns>  
                 </asp:GridView>  
                 < asp:Button   ID ="btnToExcel"   runat ="server"   OnClick ="btnToExcel_Click"   Text ="导出到Excel"   />  
                 < asp:Button   ID ="btnToWord"   runat ="server"   OnClick ="btnToWord_Click"   Text ="导出到Word"   />  
         </div>  
         </form>  
</body>  
</html>

后台代码：

using System;  
using System.Data;  
using System.Configuration;  
using System.Collections;  
using System.Web;  
using System.Web.Security;  
using System.Web.UI;  
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;  
using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;  
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;  

/// <summary>  
/// 程序说明：这是一个GridView导出成Excel或者Word文件的实例。为了演示，我采用了自动生成DataTable，然后绑定。  
/// 同时为了初学者查看代码方便，关键处我都做了注释。  
/// 对程序说明，在asp.net 1.1中由于对控件呈现不是很严格，所以无需override void VerifyRenderingInServerForm(Control control)这个方法  
/// 但在asp.net2.0中，控件的校验严格了，RenderControl代码只有走正常流程在render方法中它自己调用才能成功，  
/// 在你自己写的事件方法中调用就会出现这个错误。这个错误信息有点误导，你明明写在服务器控件Form内，它照样会这样提醒你，  
/// 实际上是asp.net2.0设置了内部变量控制RenderControl不允许在Render方法之外被轻易调用。如果不override VerifyRenderingInServerForm  
/// 就会报错。我们override void VerifyRenderingInServerForm(Control control)这个方法，里面不写任何代码即可  
/// 作者：周公  
/// 日期：2008-5-16  
/// 网址：http://blog.csdn.net/zhoufoxcn  
/// </summary>  
public  partial   class  ExportDemo : System.Web.UI.Page  
{  
         private   string  firstName =   "赵钱孙李周吴郑王冯陈诸卫蒋沈韩杨朱秦尤许何吕施张孔曹严华";  
         private   string  lastName =   "猛勇刚强豹彪雁燕蓉菲";  
void Page_Load() void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)  
        {  
                 if  (!Page.IsPostBack)  
                {  
                        BindGridView();  
                }  
        }  

void BindGridView() void BindGridView()  
        {  
                DataTable myData = CreateDataTable();  
                Session[ "MyData"] = myData;  
                gvPersonList.DataSource = myData;  
                gvPersonList.DataBind();  
        }  
        //手动生成DataTable  
DataTable CreateDataTable() DataTable CreateDataTable()  
        {  
                DataTable data =   new  DataTable();  
                DataColumn dcId =   new  DataColumn( "ID", typeof(Int32));  
                //设置ID列自动递增  
                dcId.AutoIncrement =   true;  
                //设置ID列初始值为1  
                dcId.AutoIncrementSeed = 1;  
                //设置ID列递增步长为1  
                dcId.AutoIncrementStep = 1;  
                //将ID列添加到DataTable中  
                data.Columns.Add(dcId);  
                data.Columns.Add( new  DataColumn( "Name", typeof( string)));  
                data.Columns.Add( new  DataColumn( "Age", typeof(int)));  
                data.Columns.Add( new  DataColumn( "Sex", typeof(bool)));  
                data.Columns.Add( new  DataColumn( "Married", typeof(bool)));  
                DataRow dataRow =   null;  
                Random random =   new  Random();  
                //随机生成20条记录  
                 for  (int i = 0; i < 20; i++)  
                {  
                        dataRow = data.NewRow();  
                        //随机生成姓名  
                        dataRow[ "Name"] = firstName.Substring(random. Next(firstName.Length), 1) + lastName.Substring(random. Next(lastName.Length), 1);  
                        //随即生成介于20至100之间的年龄  
                        int age = random. Next(20, 100);  
                        dataRow[ "Age"] = age;  
                        //随即设置性别  
                        bool sex = (random. Next(100) % 2 == 0) ?   true  :   false;  
                        dataRow[ "Sex"] = sex;  
                         if  (((sex ==   true) && (age >= 22)) || ((sex ==   false) && (age >= 20)))//男性结婚年龄大于22周岁，女性结婚年龄大于20周岁  
                        {  
                                dataRow[ "Married"] = (random. Next(500) % 2 == 0) ?   true  :   false;  
                        }  
                         else  
                        {  
                                dataRow[ "Married"] =   false;  
                        }  
                        data.Rows.Add(dataRow);  
                }  
                return data;  
        }  
        //override掉这个方法  
override void VerifyRenderingInServerForm() override void VerifyRenderingInServerForm(Control control)  
        {  
                //注释掉下面的代码，否则在asp.net2.0下会报错（注：GridView是asp.net 2.0下的控件，1.1下一些控件也可以导出成Excel或者Word）  
                //base.VerifyRenderingInServerForm(control);  
        }  


void btnToExcel_Click() void btnToExcel_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)  
        {  
                Response.Clear();  
                Response.BufferOutput =   true;  
                //设定输出的字符集  
                Response.Charset =   "GB2312";  
                //假定导出的文件名为FileName.xls  
                Response.AppendHeader( "Content-Disposition",   "attachment;filename=FileName.xls");  
                Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding( "GB2312");  
                //设置导出文件的格式  
                Response.ContentType =   "application/ms-excel";  
                //关闭ViewState  
                EnableViewState =   false;  
                System.Globalization.CultureInfo cultureInfo =   new  System.Globalization.CultureInfo( "ZH-CN",   true);  
                System.IO.StringWriter stringWriter =   new  System.IO.StringWriter(cultureInfo);  
                System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter textWriter =   new  System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter(stringWriter);  
                gvPersonList.RenderControl(textWriter);  
                //把HTML写回浏览器  
                Response.Write(stringWriter.ToString());  
                Response. End();  
        }  
        //导出成Word文件  
void btnToWord_Click() void btnToWord_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)  
        {  
                Response.Clear();  
                Response.BufferOutput =   true;  
                //设定输出的字符集  
                Response.Charset =   "GB2312";  
                //假定导出的文件名为FileName.doc  
                Response.AppendHeader( "Content-Disposition",   "attachment;filename=FileName.doc");  
                Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding( "GB2312");  
                设置导出文件的格式  
                Response.ContentType =   "application/ms-word";  
                //关闭ViewState  
                gvPersonList.EnableViewState =   false;  
                System.Globalization.CultureInfo cultureInfo =   new  System.Globalization.CultureInfo( "ZH-CN",   true);  
                System.IO.StringWriter stringWriter =   new  System.IO.StringWriter(cultureInfo);  
                System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter textWriter =   new  System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter(stringWriter);  
                gvPersonList.RenderControl(textWriter);  
                // //把HTML写回浏览器  
                Response.Write(stringWriter.ToString());  
                Response. End();  
        }  
}

运行效果：

 

需要说明的是：在asp.net2.0环境下，VerifyRenderingInServerForm(Control control)这个方法不override的话，则会出现“错误提示:类型“GridView”的控件“GridView1”必须放在具有 runat=server 的窗体标记内”这个错误。

本文出自 “周公的专栏” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://zhoufoxcn.blog.51cto.com/792419/166817

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转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/lost2x/archive/2011/11/09/2242168.html