一 简介
在JDK1.5以前的线程是没有返回值的(Thread,Runnable),Callable这个接口是之后才出现的新特性,用法跟Runnable类似,只是不同的是可以有返回值。因此为了测试Callable这个类以及线程池相关内容,我将上一篇文章中的代码进行了小幅度的修改然后写了一下
二 关于线程池的简单使用步骤
1 定义线程类,(1)extends Thread (2)implements Runnable (3)implements Callable<>
2 建立ExecutorService线程池,比如这样写:ExecutorService pool = Executors.newCachedThreadPool(); 这是建立一个缓存池。一般常用的还有:(1)newFixedThreadPool() (2)ScheduledThreadPool() (3)SingleThreadExecutor()
3 调用线程池进行操作
//执行任务并获取Future对象
Future<List<String>> future = pool.submit(myThread);
//从Future对象上获取任务的返回值
future.get();
三 完整测试代码
package thread;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;
public class Test2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
long millis1 = System.currentTimeMillis();
String fileName = "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\测试2.txt";
int threadNum = 5; //测试用的线程数目
List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
//创建一个缓存线程池
ExecutorService pool = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {
Callable<List<String>> myThread = new MyThread2("线程" + i, i, threadNum);
Future<List<String>> future = pool.submit(myThread);
try {
list.addAll(future.get());
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ExecutionException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
pool.shutdown(); //不关闭的话,要等到超时程序才会结束
Iterator<String> iterator = list.iterator();
try {
BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(new File(fileName)));
while(iterator.hasNext()){
writer.write(iterator.next());
writer.newLine();
writer.flush();
}
writer.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
long millis2 = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println(millis2 - millis1); //大约170-177ms
}
}
/**
* 自定义任务(线程)
* */
class MyThread2 implements Callable<List<String>>{
private String name; // 线程的名字
private int i; // 第几个线程
private int threadNum; // 总共创建了几个线程
public MyThread2(String name, int i, int threadNum) {
this.name = name;
this.i = i;
this.threadNum = threadNum;
}
public List<String> call() throws Exception {
MyPrint2 myPrint2 = new MyPrint2();
return myPrint2.print(name, i, threadNum);
}
}
/**
* 具体的业务操作
* */
class MyPrint2 {
public List<String> print(String name, int x, int threadNum) {
List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
for (int i = x; i <= 10000; i = i + threadNum) {
// System.out.println(name + ": " + i + "----------------------------------我是一条华丽的小尾巴");
list.add(name + ": " + i + "----------------------------------我是一条华丽的小尾巴");
}
return list;
}
}
注:这种写法由于步骤较多,因此在这里反而比单线程还稍慢O(∩_∩)O~
转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/983836259/1722426