CoAP 综述

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CoAP

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参考

IETF
RFC 7252 中文
coap.technology
www.rfc-base.org Constrained RESTful Environments (CoRE) Parameters

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CoAP

RFC 7252 Constrained Application Protocol
“The Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) is a specialized web transfer protocol for use with constrained nodes and constrained networks in the Internet of Things. The protocol is designed for machine-to-machine (M2M) applications such as smart energy and building automation.”

Specification
CoAP is specified in a Standards-Track RFC. RFCs that serve as Internet Standards Documents are generated by the IETF based on an extensive technical review and quality control process. These are meant to last.

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涉及标准

• RFC 7252 The Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP)
• RFC7252 (CoAP, Core)
• RFC7641 (Observe)
• RFC7641 advanced transmission
• Blockwise Transfers

适用场景 特点 局限性

• 点对点通信
• 数据采集
• M2M
• 反向控制能力弱
• 无状态连接
• 遵循RESTful
• DTLS

CoAP占用资源

RFC 7228 Terminology for Constrained-Node Networks

• RAM：10KB
• ROM：100KB

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CoAP 实现

• wakaama http://www.eclipse.org/wakaama/
  OMA Lightweight M2M C implementation designed to be portable on POSIX compliant systems

• libcoap https://libcoap.net/
  C-Implementation of CoAP
  libcoap implements a lightweight application-protocol for devices that are constrained their resources such as computing power, RF range, memory, bandwith, or network packet sizes

• microcoap https://github.com/1248/microcoap
  A tiny CoAP server for microcontrollers
  最精简实现，只有最简单的CoAP build dump，适用于单片机

• lobaro-coap http://www.lobaro.com/portfolio/lobaro-coap/
  Complete CoAP Implementation in C 完整的实现CoAP
  The target audiance are experienced programmers with rich knowledge of the „C“ programming language.

  • Royalty-free CoAP stack
  • complete request/response logic
  • easy to use
  • small memory footprint
  • using C99 stdlib, suitable for embedded projects
  • detached packet receive/send logic
  • Arduino support (experimental)

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DTLS

• tinydtls
  tinydtls is a library for Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS) covering both the client and the server state machine. It is implemented in C and provides support for the mandatory cipher suites specified in CoAP.

COAP工具

为了测试代码的正确性，需要CoAP相关测试工具。

• CoAP-cli，一个基于NodeJS的CoAP命令行工具，其核心是基于Node-CoAP库。
• libcooap，一个用C写的CoAP命令行工具。
• FireFox Copper， 一个Firefox的插件。
• Wireshark，Wireshark 支持CoAP协议的解析器

REST model for small devices

server 提供可用的资源在一个URL下，client 使用四种方法获取GET, PUT, POST, and DELETE.

• GET
• PUT
• POST
• DELET

REST

web client 可以通过跨协议代理(CoAP HTTP)访问web资源和传感器资源,client不必关心资源到底是web提供还是传感器提供。

Discovery integrated

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/Jr413/blog/834238