LayoutInflater源码简单分析

我们知道可以通过LayoutInflater将布局文件XML解析创建View，具体的使用方式有下面几种。

1. Activity的setContentView(@LayoutRes int layoutResID)。
2. Fragment的onCreateView(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState)。
3. 代码中使用LayoutInflater.from(Context context)。

下面分别分析下源码

1. Activity的setContentView

/**
 * Set the activity content from a layout resource.  The resource will be
 * inflated, adding all top-level views to the activity.
 *
 * @param layoutResID Resource ID to be inflated.
 *
 * @see #setContentView(android.view.View)
 * @see #setContentView(android.view.View, android.view.ViewGroup.LayoutParams)
 */
public void setContentView(@LayoutRes int layoutResID) {
    getWindow().setContentView(layoutResID);
    initWindowDecorActionBar();
}
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会调用Window.setContentView(layoutResID);

Window是抽象类，具体的类是PhoneWindow。

public PhoneWindow(Context context) {
    super(context);
    mLayoutInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
}
@Override
public void setContentView(int layoutResID) {
    // Note: FEATURE_CONTENT_TRANSITIONS may be set in the process of installing the window
    // decor, when theme attributes and the like are crystalized. Do not check the feature
    // before this happens.
    if (mContentParent == null) {
        installDecor();
    } else if (!hasFeature(FEATURE_CONTENT_TRANSITIONS)) {
        mContentParent.removeAllViews();
    }

    if (hasFeature(FEATURE_CONTENT_TRANSITIONS)) {
        final Scene newScene = Scene.getSceneForLayout(mContentParent, layoutResID,
                getContext());
        transitionTo(newScene);
    } else {
        mLayoutInflater.inflate(layoutResID, mContentParent);
    }
    mContentParent.requestApplyInsets();
    final Callback cb = getCallback();
    if (cb != null && !isDestroyed()) {
        cb.onContentChanged();
    }
    mContentParentExplicitlySet = true;
}
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以上可以看到，Activity最终也调用了LayoutInflater.inflate()方法。

2. Fragment的onCreateView

下面是使用Fragment的代码

FragmentManager manager = getSupportFragmentManager();
FragmentTransaction transaction = manager.beginTransaction();
transaction.add(new Fragment(), "fragment");
transaction.commit();
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是通过FragmentTransaction.commit()方法来进行Fragment的操作。 具体实现类是BackStackRecord。

/**
 * Entry of an operation on the fragment back stack.
 */
final class BackStackRecord extends FragmentTransaction implements
        FragmentManager.BackStackEntry, FragmentManagerImpl.OpGenerator {
    static final String TAG = FragmentManagerImpl.TAG;

    final FragmentManagerImpl mManager;
    
    int commitInternal(boolean allowStateLoss) {
        if (this.mCommitted) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("commit already called");
        } else {
            if (FragmentManagerImpl.DEBUG) {
                Log.v("FragmentManager", "Commit: " + this);
                LogWriter logw = new LogWriter("FragmentManager");
                PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(logw);
                this.dump("  ", (FileDescriptor)null, pw, (String[])null);
                pw.close();
            }

            this.mCommitted = true;
            if (this.mAddToBackStack) {
                this.mIndex = this.mManager.allocBackStackIndex(this);
            } else {
                this.mIndex = -1;
            }

            this.mManager.enqueueAction(this, allowStateLoss);
            return this.mIndex;
        }
    }
}
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最后会调用FragmentManagerImpl的方法，moveToState()

f.performCreateView(f.performGetLayoutInflater(f.mSavedFragmentState), container, f.mSavedFragmentState);
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最后也调用了LayoutInflater.from(this.mContext); 以上，可见，Fragment中的LayoutInflater和其所属的Activity是同一个对象，所以只要对Activity的LayoutInflater对象处理，Fragment的效果也会和Activity同步。

下面重点分析下LayoutInflater的核心代码

/**
 * Obtains the LayoutInflater from the given context.
 */
public static LayoutInflater from(Context context) {
    LayoutInflater LayoutInflater =
            (LayoutInflater) context.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
    if (LayoutInflater == null) {
        throw new AssertionError("LayoutInflater not found.");
    }
    return LayoutInflater;
}
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会调用Context.getSystemService()，会根据Context具体实体类不同，创建处理不同。

参考 juejin.im/post/5c6e84…

默认最后都会创建PhoneLayoutInflater。

/**
 * Like {@link #setFactory}, but allows you to set a {@link Factory2}
 * interface.
 */
public void setFactory2(Factory2 factory) {
    if (mFactorySet) {
        throw new IllegalStateException("A factory has already been set on this LayoutInflater");
    }
    if (factory == null) {
        throw new NullPointerException("Given factory can not be null");
    }
    mFactorySet = true;
    if (mFactory == null) {
        mFactory = mFactory2 = factory;
    } else {
        mFactory = mFactory2 = new FactoryMerger(factory, factory, mFactory, mFactory2);
    }
}

/**
     * Creates a view from a tag name using the supplied attribute set.
     * <p>
     * <strong>Note:</strong> Default visibility so the BridgeInflater can
     * override it.
     *
     * @param parent the parent view, used to inflate layout params
     * @param name the name of the XML tag used to define the view
     * @param context the inflation context for the view, typically the
     *                {@code parent} or base layout inflater context
     * @param attrs the attribute set for the XML tag used to define the view
     * @param ignoreThemeAttr {@code true} to ignore the {@code android:theme}
     *                        attribute (if set) for the view being inflated,
     *                        {@code false} otherwise
     */
    View createViewFromTag(View parent, String name, Context context, AttributeSet attrs,
            boolean ignoreThemeAttr) {
        if (name.equals("view")) {
            name = attrs.getAttributeValue(null, "class");
        }

        // Apply a theme wrapper, if allowed and one is specified.
        if (!ignoreThemeAttr) {
            final TypedArray ta = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, ATTRS_THEME);
            final int themeResId = ta.getResourceId(0, 0);
            if (themeResId != 0) {
                context = new ContextThemeWrapper(context, themeResId);
            }
            ta.recycle();
        }

        if (name.equals(TAG_1995)) {
            // Let's party like it's 1995!
            return new BlinkLayout(context, attrs);
        }

        try {
            View view;
            if (mFactory2 != null) {
                view = mFactory2.onCreateView(parent, name, context, attrs);
            } else if (mFactory != null) {
                view = mFactory.onCreateView(name, context, attrs);
            } else {
                view = null;
            }

            if (view == null && mPrivateFactory != null) {
                view = mPrivateFactory.onCreateView(parent, name, context, attrs);
            }

            if (view == null) {
                final Object lastContext = mConstructorArgs[0];
                mConstructorArgs[0] = context;
                try {
                    if (-1 == name.indexOf('.')) {
                        view = onCreateView(parent, name, attrs);
                    } else {
                        view = createView(name, null, attrs);
                    }
                } finally {
                    mConstructorArgs[0] = lastContext;
                }
            }

            return view;
        } catch (InflateException e) {
            throw e;

        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            final InflateException ie = new InflateException(attrs.getPositionDescription()
                    + ": Error inflating class " + name, e);
            ie.setStackTrace(EMPTY_STACK_TRACE);
            throw ie;

        } catch (Exception e) {
            final InflateException ie = new InflateException(attrs.getPositionDescription()
                    + ": Error inflating class " + name, e);
            ie.setStackTrace(EMPTY_STACK_TRACE);
            throw ie;
        }
    }

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以上可见：会先依次调用Factory2 -> Factory -> PrivateFactory -> onCreateView。 setFactory2()是在sdk>11的时候引入的。

/**
     * Version of {@link #onCreateView(String, AttributeSet)} that also
     * takes the future parent of the view being constructed.  The default
     * implementation simply calls {@link #onCreateView(String, AttributeSet)}.
     *
     * @param parent The future parent of the returned view.  <em>Note that
     * this may be null.</em>
     * @param name The fully qualified class name of the View to be create.
     * @param attrs An AttributeSet of attributes to apply to the View.
     *
     * @return View The View created.
     */
    protected View onCreateView(View parent, String name, AttributeSet attrs)
            throws ClassNotFoundException {
        return onCreateView(name, attrs);
    }
    /**
     * This routine is responsible for creating the correct subclass of View
     * given the xml element name. Override it to handle custom view objects. If
     * you override this in your subclass be sure to call through to
     * super.onCreateView(name) for names you do not recognize.
     *
     * @param name The fully qualified class name of the View to be create.
     * @param attrs An AttributeSet of attributes to apply to the View.
     *
     * @return View The View created.
     */
    protected View onCreateView(String name, AttributeSet attrs)
            throws ClassNotFoundException {
        return createView(name, "android.view.", attrs);
    }
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因此，可以通过设置Factory2来实现换肤的功能。 Android提供LayoutInflaterCompat.setFactory2(); 因为setFactory2方法只能调用一次，而AppCompatActivity已经设置过Factory2，我们再设置就会出错。

public class AppCompatActivity extends FragmentActivity implements AppCompatCallback,
        TaskStackBuilder.SupportParentable, ActionBarDrawerToggle.DelegateProvider {

    private AppCompatDelegate mDelegate;
    private int mThemeId = 0;
    private Resources mResources;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        final AppCompatDelegate delegate = getDelegate();
        delegate.installViewFactory();
        delegate.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        if (delegate.applyDayNight() && mThemeId != 0) {
            // If DayNight has been applied, we need to re-apply the theme for
            // the changes to take effect. On API 23+, we should bypass
            // setTheme(), which will no-op if the theme ID is identical to the
            // current theme ID.
            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 23) {
                onApplyThemeResource(getTheme(), mThemeId, false);
            } else {
                setTheme(mThemeId);
            }
        }
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    }

    public void installViewFactory() {
        LayoutInflater layoutInflater = LayoutInflater.from(this.mContext);
        if (layoutInflater.getFactory() == null) {
            LayoutInflaterCompat.setFactory2(layoutInflater, this);
        } else if (!(layoutInflater.getFactory2() instanceof AppCompatDelegateImpl)) {
            Log.i("AppCompatDelegate", "The Activity's LayoutInflater already has a Factory installed so we can not install AppCompat's");
        }
    }
}
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为了设置我们自己的Factory2，可以在onCreate()中调用super.onCreate()前，设置Factory2，但这种会产生一个问题， 在系统之前调用了setFactory，造成AppCompatDelegate的setFactroy不会生效，会造成没有办法使用一些新的特性，比如tint等。 解决方法：在自己设置factory中，调用系统的创建view的代码；

LayoutInflaterCompat.setFactory(LayoutInflater.from(this), new LayoutInflaterFactory()
{
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(View parent, String name, Context context, AttributeSet attrs)
    {
        //你可以在这里直接new自定义View

        //你可以在这里将系统类替换为自定义View

         //appcompat 创建view代码
        AppCompatDelegate delegate = getDelegate();
        View view = delegate.createView(parent, name, context, attrs);

        return view;
    }
});
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原因解释：AppCompatDelegate.createView会通过一系列方法调用链，最后走到如下的代码，这部分代码会把控件自动的替换成Appcompat的控件，从而支持一些新的特性；所以只要调用了AppCompatDelegate.createView()就能保留新特性。

说明，以上的修改需要在Activity和Application都设置，才能保证下面的代码生效。

LayoutInflater.from(Activity).inflate()
LayoutInflater.from(ApplicationContext).inflate()
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最后简单说下，开源的ViewPump库 它自定义新的LayoutInflater，重写了setFactory2、setFactory、setPrivateFactory和onCreateView方法。

前面已经分析过，在创建View时，会先调用Factory2 -> ... -> onCreateView。

如果代码里使用LayoutInflater.from(ApplicationContext).inflate()，因为还没有设置Factory2等，所以会执行LayoutInflater.onCreateView()来创建View。

换肤、全局字体替换、无需编写shape、selector 的原理Factory小结： www.jianshu.com/p/8d8ada21a…