selenium 3 ie java_【Java+selenium3】 Firefox/ IE/ Chrome主流瀏覽器自動化環境搭建(一)

一、java+selenium+firefox

1.環境准備：JDK1.8

2.安裝firefox瀏覽器v59

3.下載驅動：https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases

4.selenium依賴pom.xml導入：https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.seleniumhq.selenium/selenium-java

selenium 歷史版本鏡像下載地址：https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/selenium

org.seleniumhq.selenium

selenium-java

3.5.1

5.代碼實現

packagecn.test;importorg.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;importorg.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;public classFirefoxDemo01 {public static voidmain(String[] args) {

WebDriver driver=null;try{//自定義安裝Firefox路徑

System.setProperty("webdriver.firefox.bin", "D:\\Firefox59\\App\\Firefox\\firefox.exe");//存放Firefox驅動的路徑

System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "src/test/resources/geckodriver.exe");

driver= newFirefoxDriver();

driver.get("https://www.baidu.com/");

}catch(Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}finally{

driver.quit();

System.out.println("執行結束，關閉瀏覽器");

}

}

}

二、java+selenium+IE

1.JDK1.8已安裝

2.selenium3.51 依賴包上述已經導入；

3.下載IE驅動地址：https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/selenium/3.5/

4.代碼實現

packagecn.test;importorg.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;importorg.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;importorg.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;public classIEDemo02 {public static voidmain(String[] args) {

WebDriver driver= null;try{//指定IEDriver的存放路徑

System.setProperty("webdriver.ie.driver", "src/test/resources/IEDriverServer.exe");//創建Capabilities對象

DesiredCapabilities capabilities = newDesiredCapabilities();//瀏覽器安全模式保持一致(通過代碼忽略設置安全模式保持一致)

capabilities.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.INTRODUCE_FLAKINESS_BY_IGNORING_SECURITY_DOMAINS,true);//瀏覽器縮放比例保持正常(忽略瀏覽器縮放比例設置)

capabilities.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.IGNORE_ZOOM_SETTING, true);

driver= newInternetExplorerDriver(capabilities);

driver.get("https://www.baidu.com");

Thread.sleep(3000);

}catch(Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}finally{//關閉瀏覽器

driver.quit();

System.out.println("執行結束，關閉IE瀏覽器");

}

}

}

5.常見報錯信息

(1) IE驅動路徑未指定,導致找不到IE驅動報錯如下:

解決方法如下：

//指定IEDriver的存放路徑

System.setProperty("webdriver.ie.driver", "src/test/resources/IEDriverServer.exe");

2.IE 安全模式設置

org.openqa.selenium.SessionNotCreatedException: Unexpected error launching Internet Explorer. Protected Mode settings are not the same for all zones. Enable Protected Mode must be set to the same value (enabled or disabled) forall zones.//百度翻譯僅供參考

org.openqa.selenium。啟動Internet Explorer SessionNotCreatedException:意想不到的錯誤。 保護模式設置為所有區域是不一樣的。啟用保護模式必須設置為相同的值為所有區域(啟用或禁用)。

解決方法如下：

//創建Capabilities對象

DesiredCapabilities capabilities = newDesiredCapabilities();//瀏覽器安全模式保持一致(通過代碼忽略設置安全模式保持一致)

capabilities.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.INTRODUCE_FLAKINESS_BY_IGNORING_SECURITY_DOMAINS,true);

WebDriver driver= new InternetExplorerDriver(capabilities);

3.瀏覽器的縮放比例保持正常

org.openqa.selenium.SessionNotCreatedException: Unexpected error launching Internet Explorer. Browser zoom level was set to 111%. It should be set to 100%

//通過360瀏覽器翻譯，僅供參考

org.openqa.selenium。啟動Internet Explorer SessionNotCreatedException:意想不到的錯誤。瀏覽器縮放級別設置為111%。它應該被設置為100%

解決方法如下：

//瀏覽器縮放比例保持正常(忽略瀏覽器縮放比例設置)

capabilities.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.IGNORE_ZOOM_SETTING, true);

driver= new InternetExplorerDriver(capabilities);

三、java+selenium+chrome

1.JDK1.8已安裝

2.selenium 3.5.1 依賴已經導入

3.下載chrome驅動：https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/chromedriver

我的chrome是v53. 所以我下載 v2.25驅動

注意：Chrome瀏覽器版本與ChromeDriver版本映射表查看鏈接：https://www.cnblogs.com/xiaozhaoboke/p/10107349.html

4.代碼實現：

packagecn.test;importorg.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;importorg.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;public classChromeDemo03 {public static void main(String[] args) throwsInterruptedException {//自定義安裝chrome路徑,默認安裝目錄不需要配置此項//System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.bin", "xxx");//指定chromeDriver存放路徑

System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "src/test/resources/chromedriver.exe");

WebDriver driver= newChromeDriver();

driver.get("https://www.baidu.com");

Thread.sleep(3000);

driver.quit();

System.out.println("關閉瀏覽器，執行結束！");

}

}

常見報錯：

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IllegalStateException: The path to the driver executable must be set by the webdriver.chrome.driver system property; for more information, see https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/ChromeDriver. The latest version can be downloaded fromhttp://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/index.html

//解決辦法

System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "src/test/resources/chromedriver.exe");

四、引入testNG整合三大瀏覽器代碼示例：

1.testng導入依賴

org.testng

testng

6.9.10

test

2.新建一個父類BaseCase來實現瀏覽器的前期准備工作

packagecn.test;importorg.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;importorg.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;importorg.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;importorg.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;importorg.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;importorg.testng.annotations.AfterSuite;importorg.testng.annotations.BeforeSuite;importorg.testng.annotations.Parameters;importorg.testng.annotations.Test;public classBaseCase {public static WebDriver driver =null;/**根據提供的瀏覽器類型初始化驅動

*@parambrowserType*/@Parameters(value= {"browserType"})

@BeforeSuitepublic voidinit(String browserType) {//firefox

if("firefox".equalsIgnoreCase(browserType)) {

System.setProperty("webdriver.firefox.bin", "D:\\Firefox59\\App\\Firefox\\firefox.exe");

System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "src/test/resources/geckodriver.exe");

driver= newFirefoxDriver();

}else if("chrome".equalsIgnoreCase(browserType)) {//chrome

System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "src/test/resources/chromedriver.exe");

driver= newChromeDriver();

}else if("ie".equalsIgnoreCase(browserType)) {//ie System.setProperty("webdriver.ie.driver", "src/test/resources/IEDriverServer.exe"); DesiredCapabilities capabilities = newDesiredCapabilities(); capabilities.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.INTRODUCE_FLAKINESS_BY_IGNORING_SECURITY_DOMAINS,true); capabilities.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.IGNORE_ZOOM_SETTING, true);

driver= newInternetExplorerDriver(capabilities);

}

}

@AfterSuitepublic voidover() {

driver.quit();

System.out.println("執行結束，關閉瀏覽器！");

}

}

3.testng.xml來配置參數，實現瀏覽器的選擇性執行

4.執行用例AutoDemo01,直接繼承父類來實現瀏覽器驅動的初始化

packagecn.test;importorg.openqa.selenium.By;importorg.testng.annotations.Test;importcn.test.BaseCase;public class AutoDemo01 extendsBaseCase{

@Testpublic void test() throwsInterruptedException {

driver.get("https://www.baidu.com");

driver.findElement(By.id("kw")).sendKeys("開始編寫自動化腳本來執行測試用例");

Thread.sleep(3000);

}

}

5.執行TestNG Suite

6.學習后總結，不足之處后續補充修正！