当 SET XACT_ABORT 为 ON 时,如果执行 Transact-SQL 语句产生运行时错误,则整个事务将终止并回滚。
当 SET XACT_ABORT 为 OFF 时,有时只回滚产生错误的 Transact-SQL 语句,而事务将继续进行处理。如果错误很严重,那么即使 SET XACT_ABORT 为 OFF,也可能回滚整个事务。OFF 是默认设置。
编译错误(如语法错误)不受 SET XACT_ABORT 的影响。
对于大多数 OLE DB 提供程序(包括 SQL Server),必须将隐式或显示事务中的数据修改语句中的 XACT_ABORT 设置为 ON。唯一不需要该选项的情况是在提供程序支持嵌套事务时。有关详细信息,请参阅 分布式查询和分布式事务。
SET XACT_ABORT 的设置是在执行或运行时设置,而不是在分析时设置。
用法
1、总体作为一个事务,整体提交或整体回滚,格式为:
SET XACT_ABORT
ON
BEGIN TRAN
-- todo
COMMIT TRAN
GO
BEGIN TRAN
-- todo
COMMIT TRAN
GO
2.每个语句作为一个事务,事务在错误行终止,错误行回滚,错误行之前的不回滚,格式为:
SET XACT_ABORT
ON
BEGIN
-- todo
END
GO
BEGIN
-- todo
END
GO
示例
下列代码示例导致在含有其他 Transact-SQL 语句的事务中发生外键冲突错误。在第一个语句集中产生错误,但其他语句均成功执行且事务成功提交。在第二个语句集中,将 SET XACT_ABORT
设置为 ON
。这导致语句错误使批处理终止,并使事务回滚。
USE AdventureWorks;
GO
IF OBJECT_ID(N ' t2 ', N ' U ') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE t2;
GO
IF OBJECT_ID(N ' t1 ', N ' U ') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE t1;
GO
CREATE TABLE t1
(a INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY);
CREATE TABLE t2
(a INT NOT NULL REFERENCES t1(a));
GO
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES ( 1);
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES ( 3);
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES ( 4);
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES ( 6);
GO
SET XACT_ABORT OFF;
GO
BEGIN TRANSACTION;
INSERT INTO t2 VALUES ( 1);
INSERT INTO t2 VALUES ( 2); -- Foreign key error. 只回滚错误行,语句还继续执行
INSERT INTO t2 VALUES ( 3);
COMMIT TRANSACTION;
GO
SET XACT_ABORT ON;
GO
BEGIN TRANSACTION;
INSERT INTO t2 VALUES ( 4);
INSERT INTO t2 VALUES ( 5); -- Foreign key error. 发生错误,全部回滚
INSERT INTO t2 VALUES ( 6);
COMMIT TRANSACTION;
GO
-- SELECT shows only keys 1 and 3 added.
-- Key 2 insert failed and was rolled back, but
-- XACT_ABORT was OFF and rest of transaction
-- succeeded.
-- Key 5 insert error with XACT_ABORT ON caused
-- all of the second transaction to roll back.
SELECT *
FROM t2;
GO
IF OBJECT_ID(N ' t2 ', N ' U ') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE t2;
GO
IF OBJECT_ID(N ' t1 ', N ' U ') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE t1;
GO
CREATE TABLE t1
(a INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY);
CREATE TABLE t2
(a INT NOT NULL REFERENCES t1(a));
GO
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES ( 1);
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES ( 3);
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES ( 4);
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES ( 6);
GO
SET XACT_ABORT OFF;
GO
BEGIN TRANSACTION;
INSERT INTO t2 VALUES ( 1);
INSERT INTO t2 VALUES ( 2); -- Foreign key error. 只回滚错误行,语句还继续执行
INSERT INTO t2 VALUES ( 3);
COMMIT TRANSACTION;
GO
SET XACT_ABORT ON;
GO
BEGIN TRANSACTION;
INSERT INTO t2 VALUES ( 4);
INSERT INTO t2 VALUES ( 5); -- Foreign key error. 发生错误,全部回滚
INSERT INTO t2 VALUES ( 6);
COMMIT TRANSACTION;
GO
-- SELECT shows only keys 1 and 3 added.
-- Key 2 insert failed and was rolled back, but
-- XACT_ABORT was OFF and rest of transaction
-- succeeded.
-- Key 5 insert error with XACT_ABORT ON caused
-- all of the second transaction to roll back.
SELECT *
FROM t2;
SET XACT_ABORT ON;
GO
INSERT INTO t2 VALUES (4);
INSERT INTO t2 VALUES (5); -- Foreign key error.事务在错误行终止,错误行回滚,错误行之前的不回滚
INSERT INTO t2 VALUES (6);
GO