最近需要安装数据库测试环境，服务器磁盘不够用，需要挂载个磁盘增加空间
主分区一共 可以分 四个分区，包括扩展分区，在分配完 的扩展分区里再划分 逻辑分区
现在挂载了一个 30G 的磁盘，现在打算划分一个10 G 的主分区，20 的扩展分区，再里面划分 两个10G的逻辑分区
[root@hadoop ~]# fdisk -l
磁盘 /dev/sda：21.5 GB, 21474836480 字节，41943040 个扇区
Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇区大小(逻辑/物理)：512 字节 / 512 字节
I/O 大小(最小/最佳)：512 字节 / 512 字节
磁盘标签类型：dos
磁盘标识符：0x000be4f3
设备 Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 411647 204800 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 411648 18866175 9227264 83 Linux
/dev/sda3 18866176 20969471 1051648 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda4 20969472 41943039 10486784 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 20971520 41943039 10485760 83 Linux
磁盘 /dev/sdb：32.2 GB, 32212254720 字节，62914560 个扇区
Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇区大小(逻辑/物理)：512 字节 / 512 字节
I/O 大小(最小/最佳)：512 字节 / 512 字节
磁盘 /dev/mapper/centos-swap：1073 MB, 1073741824 字节，2097152 个扇区
Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇区大小(逻辑/物理)：512 字节 / 512 字节
I/O 大小(最小/最佳)：512 字节 / 512 字节
[root@hadoop ~]#
[root@hadoop ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
欢迎使用 fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2)。
更改将停留在内存中，直到您决定将更改写入磁盘。
使用写入命令前请三思。
Device does not contain a recognized partition table
使用磁盘标识符 0x03818b31 创建新的 DOS 磁盘标签。
命令(输入 m 获取帮助)：m
命令操作
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
g create a new empty GPT partition table
G create an IRIX (SGI) partition table
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
命令(输入 m 获取帮助)：p
磁盘 /dev/sdb：32.2 GB, 32212254720 字节，62914560 个扇区
Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
在提示符 下按错了字符，需要按 ctrl +backspace 删除字符
partprobe 重新读取分区表
[root@hadoop ~]# partprobe
Warning: 无法以读写方式打开 /dev/sr0 (只读文件系统)。/dev/sr0 已按照只读方式打开。
Warning: 无法以读写方式打开 /dev/sr0 (只读文件系统)。/dev/sr0 已按照只读方式打开。
Warning: 无法以读写方式打开 /dev/sr0 (只读文件系统)。/dev/sr0 已按照只读方式打开。
[root@hadoop ~]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
文件系统标签=
OS type: Linux
块大小=4096 (log=2)
分块大小=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
655360 inodes, 2621440 blocks
131072 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
第一个数据块=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=2151677952
80 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632
Allocating group tables: 完成
正在写入inode表: 完成
Creating journal (32768 blocks): 完成
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成
[root@hadoop ~]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdb5
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
文件系统标签=
OS type: Linux
块大小=4096 (log=2)
分块大小=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
655360 inodes, 2621440 blocks
131072 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
第一个数据块=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=2151677952
80 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632
Allocating group tables: 完成
正在写入inode表: 完成
Creating journal (32768 blocks): ^[[A完成
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成
[root@hadoop ~]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdb6
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
文件系统标签=
OS type: Linux
块大小=4096 (log=2)
分块大小=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
655360 inodes, 2620672 blocks
131033 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
第一个数据块=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=2151677952
80 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632
Allocating group tables: 完成
正在写入inode表: 完成
Creating journal (32768 blocks): 完成
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成
[root@hadoop ~]#
创建挂载目录，并挂载，扩展分区 无需挂载，mount 或者df 命令可以查看是否挂载成功
[root@hadoop /]# mkdir /disk1
[root@hadoop /]# mkdir /disk5
[root@hadoop /]# mkdir /disk6
[root@hadoop /]# mount /dev/sdb1 /disk1
[root@hadoop /]# mount /dev/sdb5 /disk5
[root@hadoop /]# mount /dev/sdb6 /disk6
[root@hadoop /]# mount
[root@hadoop ~]# cd /
[root@hadoop /]# ll
总用量 28
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 1月 6 04:51 bin -> usr/bin
dr-xr-xr-x. 4 root root 4096 1月 6 05:11 boot
drwxr-xr-x. 20 root root 3260 1月 27 00:34 dev
drwxr-xr-x. 84 root root 8192 1月 26 22:29 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 16 1月 6 05:09 home
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 1月 6 04:51 lib -> usr/lib
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 9 1月 6 04:51 lib64 -> usr/lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 6月 10 2014 media
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 6月 10 2014 mnt
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 15 1月 6 05:02 opt
dr-xr-xr-x. 382 root root 0 1月 26 22:28 proc
dr-xr-x---. 6 root root 4096 1月 6 19:14 root
drwxr-xr-x. 24 root root 720 1月 26 22:29 run
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 8 1月 6 04:51 sbin -> usr/sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 6月 10 2014 srv
dr-xr-xr-x. 13 root root 0 1月 26 22:28 sys
drwxrwxrwt. 7 root root 88 1月 27 00:18 tmp
drwxr-xr-x. 14 root root 4096 1月 6 16:17 usr
drwxr-xr-x. 21 root root 4096 1月 26 22:28 var
[root@hadoop /]# mkdir /disk1
[root@hadoop /]# mkdir /disk5
[root@hadoop /]# mkdir /disk6
[root@hadoop /]# mount /dev/sdb1 /disk1
[root@hadoop /]# mount /dev/sdb5 /disk5
[root@hadoop /]# mount /dev/sdb6 /disk6
[root@hadoop /]# mount
proc on /proc type proc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,seclabel)
devtmpfs on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,nosuid,seclabel,size=491940k,nr_inodes=122985,mode=755)
securityfs on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,seclabel)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,seclabel,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000)
tmpfs on /run type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,seclabel,mode=755)
tmpfs on /sys/fs/cgroup type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,seclabel,mode=755)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/systemd type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,xattr,release_agent=/usr/lib/systemd/systemd-cgroups-agent,name=systemd)
pstore on /sys/fs/pstore type pstore (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,cpuset)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/cpu,cpuacct type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,cpuacct,cpu)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/memory type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,memory)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/devices type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,devices)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,freezer)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/net_cls type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,net_cls)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/blkio type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,blkio)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/perf_event type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,perf_event)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/hugetlb type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,hugetlb)
configfs on /sys/kernel/config type configfs (rw,relatime)
/dev/sda2 on / type xfs (rw,relatime,seclabel,attr2,inode64,noquota)
selinuxfs on /sys/fs/selinux type selinuxfs (rw,relatime)
systemd-1 on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type autofs (rw,relatime,fd=32,pgrp=1,timeout=300,minproto=5,maxproto=5,direct)
debugfs on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw,relatime)
hugetlbfs on /dev/hugepages type hugetlbfs (rw,relatime,seclabel)
mqueue on /dev/mqueue type mqueue (rw,relatime,seclabel)
/dev/sda5 on /home type xfs (rw,relatime,seclabel,attr2,inode64,noquota)
/dev/sda1 on /boot type xfs (rw,relatime,seclabel,attr2,inode64,noquota)
/dev/sdb1 on /disk1 type ext4 (rw,relatime,seclabel,data=ordered)
/dev/sdb5 on /disk5 type ext4 (rw,relatime,seclabel,data=ordered)
/dev/sdb6 on /disk6 type ext4 (rw,relatime,seclabel,data=ordered)
[root@hadoop /]# df
文件系统 1K-块 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/sda2 9217024 1379952 7837072 15% /
devtmpfs 491940 0 491940 0% /dev
tmpfs 501592 0 501592 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 501592 6824 494768 2% /run
tmpfs 501592 0 501592 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda5 10475520 910660 9564860 9% /home
/dev/sda1 201388 108504 92884 54% /boot
/dev/sdb1 10190100 36888 9612540 1% /disk1
/dev/sdb5 10190100 36888 9612540 1% /disk5
/dev/sdb6 10187028 36888 9609624 1% /disk6
设置 开机启动自动挂载
1、查看文件类型 df -T
[root@swarm02 data]# df -Th
Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-lv_root xfs 47G 6.8G 40G 15% /
devtmpfs devtmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /dev
tmpfs tmpfs 7.7G 0 7.7G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 7.7G 8.8M 7.7G 1% /run
tmpfs tmpfs 7.7G 0 7.7G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/xvda1 xfs 497M 137M 361M 28% /boot
/dev/dm-3 xfs 10G 216M 9.8G 3% /var/lib/docker/devicemapper/mnt/55ef9c780adda8c1a23ff9b184a2b75f63fb7443a3e7c217875bb96959c43217
shm tmpfs 64M 0 64M 0% /var/lib/docker/containers/eb3d50eb1a7cfcd39a4f192734054bb0e9bc0ab0f6af9cdfa7434edfa4527034/mounts/shm
/dev/dm-4 xfs 10G 286M 9.8G 3% /var/lib/docker/devicemapper/mnt/dca2a0e5e3cdb754aebd586101f6f826a8dd59a61c62894619b0d8c630297313
shm tmpfs 64M 0 64M 0% /var/lib/docker/containers/666d588b239dd4957b0f3e66a1b9b778ae6a277c332f72c1533c6f4bba7c0791/mounts/shm
/dev/dm-5 xfs 10G 112M 9.9G 2% /var/lib/docker/devicemapper/mnt/fbc6f333a1f1220869ec3aefbda888cf4378af1d7ac557b9bfdd61935794cfff
shm tmpfs 64M 0 64M 0% /var/lib/docker/containers/9417f31ddf4ca92795fbc4516079469674819d3f0c2b309b9b4a15883507711d/mounts/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 1.6G 0 1.6G 0% /run/user/0
/dev/dm-6 xfs 10G 548M 9.5G 6% /var/lib/docker/devicemapper/mnt/bd88fa3c6aae7d420d837245a96e84193fd2839076a655c7b113e6e027f45802
shm tmpfs 64M 0 64M 0% /var/lib/docker/containers/e5329ae6fa555e68d84674001276ee360248570aaf9446e5375056287fccd38a/mounts/shm
/dev/dm-7 xfs 10G 444M 9.6G 5% /var/lib/docker/devicemapper/mnt/abb933133a37558f744c74652372d21cb1fa3cef0c1b8438c8c275ee690cfc9a
shm tmpfs 64M 0 64M 0% /var/lib/docker/containers/db5b96838371bd4b59dfda11ec45330b60896ecc95407f84492d0532d2633c7d/mounts/shm
/dev/xvde1 xfs 100G 6.3G 94G 7% /data
[root@swarm02 data]#
设置开机自动挂载磁盘
[root@swarm02 ~]# vim /etc/fstab
/dev/mapper/centos-lv_root / xfs defaults 0 0
UUID=275cabe7-8411-4caa-9451-b50c8ed0feb7 /boot xfs defaults 0 0
/dev/mapper/centos-swap swap swap defaults 0 0
/dev/xvde1 /data xfs defaults 0 0
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