  前置知识—进程和线程

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-24 21:58:30 发布

AirZH??

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-24 21:58:30 发布

阅读量82

点赞数

文章标签：操作系统

原文链接：https://juejin.im/post/5c6d3aeae51d457fd52ef89f

版权

前置知识—进程和线程

进程（任务）

what ？

In computing, a process is the instance of a computer program that is being executed. It contains the program code and its activity. Depending on the operating system (OS), a process may be made up of multiple threads of execution that execute instructions concurrently

是被执行的程序
进程中有源代码和进程的活跃度
根据不同的操作系统，一个进程或许由多个线程组成，多线程是为了并发的执行命。

一个进程由什么组成？

An image （与程序相关联的可执行机器代码）
内存
Operating system descriptors分配的资源
安全属性
CPU的上下文

因为安全性和可靠性，现代操作系统不允许进程之间直接通讯，采用了一种严格的通讯方法叫做 IPC （Inter-process communication）。

多任务的操作系统存在多个进程同时执行，单核CPU一次性只能执行一个进程，CPU进行切换任务，不必等待上一个任务执行结束。

通常，程序中的主程序只有单个进程和多个子进程。

线程

What ?

In computer science, a thread of execution is the smallest sequence of programmed instructions that can be managed independently by a scheduler, which is typically a part of the operating system.[1] The implementation of threads and processes differs between operating systems, but in most cases a thread is a component of a process. Multiple threads can exist within one process, executing concurrently and sharing resources such as memory, while different processes do not share these resources. In particular, the threads of a process share its executable code and the values of its dynamically allocated variables and non-thread-local global variablesat any given time.