使用ffmpeg推流
本文主要参考来自雷霄骅的博客,使用nginx测是RTMP推流。
测试环境: ubuntu + nginx + vlc
- 使用头文件:
#include <libavformat/avformat.h>
#include <libavutil/mathematics.h>
#include <libavutil/time.h>
- 输入和输出:
通常我们使用ffmpeg输入和输出都是文件系统,现在要实现推流到nginx RTMP服务器,所以输出路径是一个RTMP协议URL:out_filename = "rtmp://localhost:1935/live1/553"; 同时必须调用函数av_register_all(); avformat_network_init();
打开网络, 注册av编解码器。
//输入(Input)
if ((ret = avformat_open_input(&ifmt_ctx, in_filename, 0, 0)) < 0) {
printf( "Could not open input file.");
goto end;
}
if ((ret = avformat_find_stream_info(ifmt_ctx, 0)) < 0) {
printf( "Failed to retrieve input stream information");
goto end;
}
int videoindex=-1;
for(i=0; i<ifmt_ctx->nb_streams; i++)
if(ifmt_ctx->streams[i]->codec->codec_type==AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO){
videoindex=i;
break;
}
av_dump_format(ifmt_ctx, 0, in_filename, 0);
//输出(Output)
avformat_alloc_output_context2(&ofmt_ctx, NULL, "flv", out_filename); //RTMP
//avformat_alloc_output_context2(&ofmt_ctx, NULL, "mpegts", out_filename);//UDP
if (!ofmt_ctx) {
printf( "Could not create output context\n");
ret = AVERROR_UNKNOWN;
goto end;
}
ofmt = ofmt_ctx->oformat;
for (i = 0; i < ifmt_ctx->nb_streams; i++) {
//根据输入流创建输出流(Create output AVStream according to input AVStream)
AVStream *in_stream = ifmt_ctx->streams[i];
AVStream *out_stream = avformat_new_stream(ofmt_ctx, in_stream->codec->codec);
if (!out_stream) {
printf( "Failed allocating output stream\n");
ret = AVERROR_UNKNOWN;
goto end;
}
//复制AVCodecContext的设置(Copy the settings of AVCodecContext)
ret = avcodec_copy_context(out_stream->codec, in_stream->codec);
if (ret < 0) {
printf( "Failed to copy context from input to output stream codec context\n");
goto end;
}
out_stream->codec->codec_tag = 0;
if (ofmt_ctx->oformat->flags & AVFMT_GLOBALHEADER)
out_stream->codec->flags |= CODEC_FLAG_GLOBAL_HEADER;
}
//Dump Format------------------
av_dump_format(ofmt_ctx, 0, out_filename, 1);
- avio_open 函数和 avio_open2 函数
int avio_open (AVIOContext **s, const char *url, int flags);
int avio_open2 (AVIOContext **s, const char *url, int flags, const AVIOInterruptCB *int_cb, AVDictionary ** options);
这两个函数的flags参数类似Linux下的open函数,它的Value是:
AVIO_FLAG_READ
AVIO_FLAG_WRITE
AVIO_FLAG_READ_WRITE
avio_xx 具体函数手册上很详细,用法和Linux编程类型,常用的函数还有avio_close, avio_read, avio_write
等,更多...
现在,使用avio_open函数打开rtmp地址, 同时写入文件头:
if (!(ofmt->flags & AVFMT_NOFILE)) {
ret = avio_open(&ofmt_ctx->pb, out_filename, AVIO_FLAG_WRITE);
if (ret < 0) {
printf( "Could not open output URL '%s'", out_filename);
}
}
//写文件头(Write file header)
ret = avformat_write_header(ofmt_ctx, NULL);
if (ret < 0) {
printf( "Error occurred when opening output URL\n");
}
- 读取输入帧和写入输出帧到URL流上
ret = av_read_frame(ifmt_ctx, &pkt);
ret = av_interleaved_write_frame(ofmt_ctx, &pkt);
- 最后写文件尾和关闭IO
av_write_trailer(ofmt_ctx);
avio_close(ofmt_ctx->pb);
- 全部实例代码
gist source