开发工具
- IntelliJ IDEA
- Apache-tomcat-9.0
- JDK 1.8
- MySQL 8.0.11
- Maven 3.5.4
IDEA+Maven搭建项目骨架
1. 新建Maven项目:
点击File -> New -> Project -> Maven -> 勾选 Create from archetype -> 选择 maven-archetype-webapp (注意:此处不要错选成上面的cocoom-22-archetype-webapp)
在弹出的new project 选项卡中填写GroupId和Artifactid,其中GroupID是项目组织唯一的标识符,实际对应JAVA的包的结构,是main目录里java的目录结构,ArtifactID是项目的唯一的标识符,实际对应项目的名称,就是项目根目录的名称。对于入门练习,这两项可以随意填写。
之后点击next 选择Maven版本(其中IDEA 专业版自带Maven,也可以选择自己下载的maven)。之后填写项目名称和项目地址,完成后点击Finish,完成项目骨架的创建。
2. 在新建的项目中添加所需要的文件/文件夹
创建之后的项目如图所示,我们需要在这之上新建一些目录。
在项目的根目录下新建target文件夹,系统自动将其设置为“Excluded”
在src/main目录下新建Directory:“java”,并将其设置为“Source Root”(即:此项目默认的代码文件源目录)
在刚才新建的java文件下新建“com”包,再在com包下新建四个包,分别命名为:pojo,service,dao,controller。(如果出现下图中所示的包名重叠的情况,可以点击图中所示的图标,将“Hide empty middle package取消掉”)
上面新建的四个包:pojo,service,dao,controller,其所存放的分别是:
pojo: 存放自定义的java类。如:paper类,user类,book类等,每个类的属性设为private,并提供public属性的getter/setter方法让外界访问
service:定义接口,包含系统所提供的功能。(之后还会在service包下再新建impl包)。
dao:定义接口,包含与数据库进行交互的功能。
controller:控制器,负责接收页面请求,转发和处理。
在resource包下新建Directory:“mapper”(用于存放xxxMapper.xml文件)和“spring”(用于存放spring-xxx.xml配置文件),新建文件:“jdbc.properties”(mysql数据库配置文件),”log4j.properties”(日志输出配置文件),”mybatis-config.xml”(mybatis框架配置文件)。
在web-inf目录下新建“jsp”包,存放xxx.jsp显示界面。
补充之后的项目目录如下图所示,至此项目骨架搭建完毕,开始写代码实现增删改查功能
3. 自定义Paper类
在这之前要对项目的pom.xml文件进行配置,在此文件中配置项目所需要的jar包。
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.tanlei</groupId> <artifactId>SSM</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>war</packaging> <name>SSM Maven Webapp</name> <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website --> <url>http://www.example.com</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target> <spring.version>5.0.3.RELEASE</spring.version> <mybatis.version>3.4.4</mybatis.version> </properties> <dependencies> <!-- 单元测试 --> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.11</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- 第一部分:Spring 配置--> <!-- Spring core --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- Spring DAO --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- Spring mvc --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- 第二部分:Servlet web --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.0.1</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.2</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>taglibs</groupId> <artifactId>standard</artifactId> <version>1.1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> <version>2.9.4</version> </dependency> <!-- 第三部分:数据库和mybatis --> <!-- 数据库 --> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.5.25</version> </dependency> <!-- 数据库连接池 --> <dependency> <groupId>com.mchange</groupId> <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId> <version>0.9.5.2</version> </dependency> <!-- MyBatis --> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>${mybatis.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- mybatis-spring整合包 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>1.3.1</version> </dependency> <!-- 第四部分:日志 --> <!-- 实现slf4j接口并整合 --> <dependency> <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId> <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId> <version>1.1.1</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
下面开始写java代码:
- 在pojo包中新建Paper.java
package com.taneli.pojo; public class Paper { private long paperId; private String paperName; private int paperNum; private String paperDetail; public long getPaperId() { return paperId; } public void setPaperId(long paperId) { this.paperId = paperId; } public String getPaperName() { return paperName; } public void setPaperName(String paperName) { this.paperName = paperName; } public int getPaperNum() { return paperNum; } public void setPaperNum(int paperNum) { this.paperNum = paperNum; } public String getPaperDetail() { return paperDetail; } public void setPaperDetail(String paperDetail) { this.paperDetail = paperDetail; } }
其中getter/setter方法可以在定义完私有属性之后使用IDEA提供的快捷键:ALT+Insert 来实现快速添加
在service包中新建接口 PaperService:
package com.taneli.service; import com.taneli.pojo.Paper; import java.util.List; public interface PaperService { //添加数据 int addPaper(Paper paper); //根据ID删除一个 int deletePaperById(Long id); //修改数据 int updatePaper(Paper paper); //查找单个数据 Paper queryById(Long id); //查找所有数据 List<Paper> queryAllPaper(); }
在service包下新建impl包,并在此包中新建PaperServiceImpl.java
package com.taneli.service.impl; import com.taneli.dao.PaperDao; import com.taneli.pojo.Paper; import com.taneli.service.PaperService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import java.util.List; @Service public class PaperServiceImpl implements PaperService{ @Autowired private PaperDao paperDao; @Override public int addPaper(Paper paper) { return paperDao.addPaper(paper); } @Override public int deletePaperById(Long id) { return paperDao.deletePaperById(id); } @Override public int updatePaper(Paper paper) { return paperDao.updatePaper(paper); } @Override public Paper queryById(Long id) { return paperDao.queryById(id); } @Override public List<Paper> queryAllPaper() { return paperDao.queryAllPaper(); } }
在dao包中新建接口 PaperDao.java
package com.taneli.dao; import com.taneli.pojo.Paper; import java.util.List; public interface PaperDao { int addPaper(Paper paper); int deletePaperById(long id); int updatePaper(Paper paper); Paper queryById(long id); List<Paper> queryAllPaper(); }
在controller包中新建 PaperController.java
package com.taneli.controller; import com.taneli.pojo.Paper; import com.taneli.service.PaperService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.ui.Model; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import java.util.List; @Controller @RequestMapping("/paper") public class PaperController { @Autowired private PaperService paperService; //所有数据 @RequestMapping("/allPaper") public String list(Model model){ List<Paper> list=paperService.queryAllPaper(); model.addAttribute("list",list); return "allpaper"; } //到达添加路径 @RequestMapping("toAddPaper") public String toAddPaper(){ return "addPaper"; } //增加单条数据 @RequestMapping("/addPaper") public String addPaper(Paper paper){ paperService.addPaper(paper); return "redirect:/paper/allPaper"; } //根据id删除单条数据 @RequestMapping("/del/{paperId}") public String deletePaper(@PathVariable("paperId") Long id ){ paperService.deletePaperById(id); return "redirect:/paper/allPaper"; } //根据id查找数据再修改单条数据 @RequestMapping("/toUpdatePaper") public String toUpdatePaper(Model model, Long id) { model.addAttribute("paper", paperService.queryById(id)); return "updatePaper"; } //修改数据后保存跳到首页列表 @RequestMapping("/updatePaper") public String updatePaper(Model model,Paper paper){ paperService.updatePaper(paper); paper=paperService.queryById(paper.getPaperId()); model.addAttribute("paper",paper); return "redirect:/paper/allPaper"; } }
在resource/mapper包下新建 PaperMapper.xml(mybatis框架mapper代理开发配置文件)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.taneli.dao.PaperDao"> <resultMap id="paperResultMap" type="Paper"> <id property="paperId" column="paper_id"></id> <result property="paperName" column="name"/> <result property="paperNum" column="number"/> <result property="paperDetail" column="detail"/> </resultMap> <insert id="addPaper" parameterType="Paper"> INSERT INTO paper(paper_id,name,number,detail) VALUE (#{paperId},#{paperName}, #{paperNum}, #{paperDetail}) </insert> <delete id="deletePaperById" parameterType="long"> DELETE FROM paper WHERE paper_id=#{paperID} </delete> <update id="updatePaper" parameterType="Paper"> UPDATE paper SET NAME = #{paperName},NUMBER = #{paperNum},detail = #{paperDetail} WHERE paper_id = #{paperId} </update> <select id="queryById" resultType="Paper" parameterType="long"> SELECT paper_id,name,number,detail FROM paper WHERE paper_id=#{paperId} </select> <select id="queryAllPaper" resultMap="paperResultMap"> SELECT paper_id,name,number,detail FROM paper </select> </mapper>
在resource/spring包下分别新建配置文件:spring-dao.xml , spring-mvc.xml , spring-service.xml
spring-dao.xml:(spring-mybatis整合配置文件)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!-- 配置整合mybatis过程 --> <!-- 1.配置数据库相关参数properties的属性:${url} --> <!--<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>--> <!-- 2.数据库连接池 --> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <!-- 配置连接池属性 --> <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/ssm?serverTimezone=UTC&characterEncoding=utf8"/> <property name="user" value="root"/> <property name="password" value="password"/> <!-- c3p0连接池的私有属性 --> <property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/> <property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/> <!-- 关闭连接后不自动commit --> <property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/> <!-- 获取连接超时时间 --> <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/> <!-- 当获取连接失败重试次数 --> <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/> </bean> <!-- 3.配置SqlSessionFactory对象 --> <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> <!-- 注入数据库连接池 --> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> <!-- 配置MyBaties全局配置文件:mybatis-config.xml --> <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/> <!-- 扫描pojo包 使用别名 --> <property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.taneli.pojo"/> <!-- 扫描sql配置文件:mapper需要的xml文件 --> <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*.xml"/> </bean> <!-- 4.配置扫描Dao接口包,动态实现Dao接口,注入到spring容器中 --> <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"> <!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory --> <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/> <!-- 给出需要扫描Dao接口包 --> <property name="basePackage" value="com.taneli.dao"/> </bean> </beans>
spring-mvc.xml:(spring mvc配置文件)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd"> <!-- 配置SpringMVC --> <!-- 1.开启SpringMVC注解模式 --> <!-- 简化配置: (1)自动注册DefaultAnootationHandlerMapping,AnotationMethodHandlerAdapter (2)提供一些列:数据绑定,数字和日期的format @NumberFormat, @DateTimeFormat, xml,json默认读写支持 --> <mvc:annotation-driven /> <!-- 2.静态资源默认servlet配置 (1)加入对静态资源的处理:js,gif,png (2)允许使用"/"做整体映射 --> <mvc:default-servlet-handler/> <!-- 3.配置jsp 显示ViewResolver --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" /> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" /> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> </bean> <!-- 4.扫描web相关的bean --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.taneli.controller" /> </beans>
spring-service.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd"> <!-- 扫描service包下所有使用注解的类型 --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.taneli.service" /> <!-- 配置事务管理器 --> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <!-- 注入数据库连接池 --> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> </bean> <!-- 配置基于注解的声明式事务 --> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" /> </beans>
在jdbc.properties文件中配置mysql数据库(这里的数据库名、表名,用户名,密码一定要记得修改!!!)。
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test?characterEncoding=utf8 jdbc.username=root jdbc.password=password
在log4j.properties文件中配置日志设定
log4j.rootLogger=ERROR, stdout log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%5p [%t] - %m%n
在mybatis-config.xml文件中配置mybtis框架
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> <configuration> <!-- 配置全局属性 --> <settings> <!-- 使用jdbc的getGeneratedKeys获取数据库自增主键值 --> <setting name="useGeneratedKeys" value="true" /> <!-- 使用列别名替换列名 默认:true --> <setting name="useColumnLabel" value="true" /> <!-- 开启驼峰命名转换:Table{create_time} -> Entity{createTime} --> <setting name="mapUnderscoreToCamelCase" value="true" /> </settings> </configuration>
配置web.xml文件
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN" "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" > <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" version="3.1" metadata-complete="true"> <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name> <servlet> <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <!-- 配置springMVC需要加载的配置文件 spring-dao.xml,spring-service.xml,spring-mvc.xml Mybatis - > spring -> springmvc --> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:spring/spring-*.xml</param-value> </init-param> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name> <!-- 默认匹配所有的请求 --> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <filter> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class> org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter </filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>utf-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> </web-app>
利用tomcat进行项目部署
-
- 下载 安装 tomcat:tomcat 9 下载地址
- IDEA配置tomcat:
点击上方的 Run 选项,选择Edit Configuration
选择default -> tomcat -> local 选择下载安装到本地的tomcat服务器的地址
切换到Deployment选项页 点击 + 号选择 Arctifact
添加 项目名:war exploded 打包
最后在Application context 中选择 空白 那一项,点击 Apply 应用。