MediaWiki uses a subset of TeX markup,
including some extensions from LaTeX
and AMS-LaTeX, for mathematical
formulae. It generates either PNG
images or simple HTML markup,
depending on user preferences and the
complexity of the expression. In the
future, as more browsers are smarter,
it will be able to generate enhanced
HTML or even MathML in many cases.
(See blahtex for information about
current work on adding MathML
support.)
More precisely, MediaWiki filters the
markup through Texvc, which in turn
passes the commands to TeX for the
actual rendering. Thus, only a limited
part of the full TeX language is
supported; see below for details.
...
Pros of HTML
In-line HTML formulae always align properly with the rest of the HTML
text.
The formula's background, font size and face match the rest of HTML
contents and the appearance respects
CSS and browser settings.
Pages using HTML will load faster.
Pros of TeX
TeX is semantically superior to HTML. In TeX, "x" means
"mathematical variable x", whereas in
HTML "x" could mean anything.
Information has been irrevocably lost.
This has multiple benefits:
TeX can be transformed into HTML, but not vice-versa. This means that on
the server side we can always
transform a formula, based on its
complexity and location within the
text, user preferences, type of
browser, etc. Therefore, where
possible, all the benefits of HTML can
be retained, together with the
benefits of TeX. It's true that the
current situation is not ideal, but
that's not a good reason to drop
information/contents. It's more a
reason to help improve the situation.
TeX can be converted to MathML for browsers which support it, thus
keeping its semantics and allowing it
to be rendered as a vector.
TeX has been specifically designed for typesetting formulae, so input is
easier and more natural, and output is
more aesthetically pleasing.
When writing in TeX, editors need not worry about browser support, since
it is rendered into an image by the
server. HTML formulae, on the other
hand, can end up being rendered
inconsistent of editor's intentions
(or not at all), by some browsers or
older versions of a browser.