HttpClient
HttpClient相比传统JDK自带的URLConnection，增加了易用性和灵活性（具体区别，日后我们再讨论），它不仅是客户端发送Http请求变得容易，而且也方便了开发人员测试接口（基于Http协议的），即提高了开发的效率，也方便提高代码的健壮性。因此熟练掌握HttpClient是很重要的必修内容，掌握HttpClient后，相信对于Http协议的了解会更加深入。
工具类：
httpPost:
package com.example.demo.util;
import net.sf.json.JSONArray;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
/**
* Created by ningcs on 2017/7/4.
*/
public class HttpRequestUtils {
private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpRequestUtils.class); //日志记录
/**
* httpPost
*
* @param url 路径
* @param jsonParam 参数
* @return
*/
public static JSONObject httpPost(String url, JSONObject jsonParam) {
return httpPostJSONObject(url, jsonParam, false);
}
/**
* post请求
*
* @param url url地址
* @param jsonParam 参数
* @param noNeedResponse 不需要返回结果
* @return
*/
public static JSONObject httpPostJSONObject(String url, JSONObject jsonParam, boolean noNeedResponse) {
//post请求返回结果
DefaultHttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
JSONObject jsonResult = null;
HttpPost method = new HttpPost(url);
try {
if (null != jsonParam) {
//解决中文乱码问题
StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(jsonParam.toString());
System.out.println("entity" + jsonParam.toString());
System.out.println("entity" + entity.toString());
entity.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");
entity.setContentType("application/json");
method.setEntity(entity);
}
HttpResponse result = httpClient.execute(method);
url = URLDecoder.decode(url, "UTF-8");
/**请求发送成功，并得到响应**/
if (result.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
String str = "";
try {
/**读取服务器返回过来的json字符串数据**/
str = EntityUtils.toString(result.getEntity());
if (noNeedResponse) {
return null;
}
/**把json字符串转换成json对象**/
jsonResult = JSONObject.fromObject(str);
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("post请求提交失败:" + url, e);
}
}
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error("post请求提交失败:" + url, e);
}
return jsonResult;
}
/**
* 发送get请求
*
* @param url 路径
* @return
*/
public static JSONObject httpGetJsonObject(String url) {
//get请求返回结果
JSONObject jsonResult = null;
String strResult = "";
try {
DefaultHttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
//发送get请求
HttpGet request = new HttpGet(url);
HttpResponse response = client.execute(request);
/**请求发送成功，并得到响应**/
if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
/**读取服务器返回过来的json字符串数据**/
strResult = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
/**把json字符串转换成json对象**/
jsonResult = JSONObject.fromObject(strResult);
url = URLDecoder.decode(url, "UTF-8");
} else {
logger.error("get请求提交失败:" + url);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error("get请求提交失败:" + url, e);
}
return jsonResult;
}
/**
* 发送get请求
*
* @param url 路径
* @return
*/
public static String httpGet(String url) {
//get请求返回结果
JSONObject jsonResult = null;
String strResult = "";
try {
DefaultHttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
//发送get请求
HttpGet request = new HttpGet(url);
HttpResponse response = client.execute(request);
/**请求发送成功，并得到响应**/
if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
/**读取服务器返回过来的json字符串数据**/
strResult = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
/**把json字符串转换成json对象**/
// jsonResult = JSONObject.fromObject(strResult);
url = URLDecoder.decode(url, "UTF-8");
} else {
logger.error("get请求提交失败:" + url);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error("get请求提交失败:" + url, e);
}
return strResult;
}
/**
* 发送get请求
*
* @param url 路径
* @return
*/
public static String httpGetArray(String url) {
//get请求返回结果
JSONArray jsonResult = null;
String strResult = "";
try {
DefaultHttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
//发送get请求
HttpGet request = new HttpGet(url);
HttpResponse response = client.execute(request);
/**请求发送成功，并得到响应**/
if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
/**读取服务器返回过来的json字符串数据**/
strResult = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
/**把json字符串转换成json对象**/
// jsonResult = JSONObject.fromObject(strResult);
url = URLDecoder.decode(url, "UTF-8");
} else {
logger.error("get请求提交失败:" + url);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error("get请求提交失败:" + url, e);
}
return strResult;
}
}
gson：
package com.example.demo.util;
import com.google.gson.Gson;
import com.google.gson.reflect.TypeToken;
import java.util.List;
/**
* Created by ningcs on 2017/7/26.
*/
public class GsonUtils {
// 将Json数据解析成相应的映射对象
public static <T> T parseJsonWithGson(String jsonData, Class<T> type) {
Gson gson = new Gson();
T result = gson.fromJson(jsonData, type);
return result;
}
/**
* Exception：java.lang.IllegalStateException: Expected BEGIN_ARRAY but was BEGIN_OBJECT
* 错误原因：
* 应该以JsonArray的形式接收。
* JsonArray json =new JsonArray();
*/
// 将Json数组解析成相应的映射对象列表
public static <T> List<T> parseJsonArrayWithGson(String jsonData,
Class<T> type) {
Gson gson = new Gson();
List<T> result = gson.fromJson(jsonData, new TypeToken<List<T>>(){
}.getType());
return result;
}
}
实现类 service：
package com.example.demo.service.impl;
import com.example.demo.entity.MatchDay;
import com.example.demo.entity.User;
import com.example.demo.model.MatchDayModel;
import com.example.demo.service.UserService;
import com.example.demo.util.GsonUtils;
import com.example.demo.util.HttpRequestUtils;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.List;
/**
* Created by ningcs on 2017/7/26.
*/
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
@Value("${get_user_ip}")
private String url;
//返回json格式
@Override
public JSONObject getUserInfo(String idNumber) {
String params = "?" + "player_id_number=" + idNumber;
JSONObject result = HttpRequestUtils.httpGetJsonObject(url + "/user/getUser.do" + params);
return result;
}
//json格式转对象
@Override
public User getUser(String idNumber) {
String params = "?" + "player_id_number=" + idNumber;
String str = HttpRequestUtils.httpGet(url + "/apply/getMatchApplyDayList.do" + params);
User user = GsonUtils.parseJsonWithGson(str, User.class);
return user;
}
//json格式数组
@Override
public List<User> getUserList(String idNumber) {
String params = "?" + "player_id_number=" + idNumber;
String str = HttpRequestUtils.httpGet(url + "/apply/getMatchApplyDayList.do" + params);
List<User> userList = GsonUtils.parseJsonArrayWithGson(str, User.class);
return userList;
}
//-----------------------------测试----------------------------------------------
/**
* 如果有参数参考上面，已测，post方法和get一样，
* 具体可以参照 get.
*
* @param idNumber
* @return
*/
//json格式转对象
@Override
public MatchDay getMatchDay(String idNumber) {
String str = HttpRequestUtils.httpGet(url + "/apply/getMatchApplyDay.do");
MatchDay matchDay = GsonUtils.parseJsonWithGson(str, MatchDay.class);
return matchDay;
}
//json格式数组可以用JsonObject接收
@Override
public MatchDayModel getMatchDayList(String idNumber) {
String str = HttpRequestUtils.httpGet(url + "/apply/getMatchApplyDayListJson.do");
MatchDayModel matchDayModel = GsonUtils.parseJsonWithGson(str, MatchDayModel.class);
return matchDayModel;
}
//json格式数组可以用JsonArrayt接收
@Override
public List<MatchDay> getMatchDayListArray(String idNumber) {
String str = HttpRequestUtils.httpGet(url + "/apply/getMatchApplyDayListJsonArray.do");
List<MatchDay> matchDays = GsonUtils.parseJsonArrayWithGson(str, MatchDay.class);
return matchDays;
}
}
测试：
package com.example.demo.controller;
import com.example.demo.entity.MatchDay;
import com.example.demo.model.MatchDayModel;
import com.example.demo.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.util.List;
/**
* Created by ningcs on 2017/7/26.
*/
@RestController
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@RequestMapping(value = "/getMatchDay",method = {RequestMethod.POST,RequestMethod.GET})
public MatchDay getMatchDay(String idNumber){
return userService.getMatchDay(idNumber);
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/getMatchDayList",method = {RequestMethod.POST,RequestMethod.GET})
public MatchDayModel getMatchDayList(String idNumber){
return userService.getMatchDayList(idNumber);
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/getMatchDayListArray",method = {RequestMethod.POST,RequestMethod.GET})
public List<MatchDay> getUserList(String idNumber){
return userService.getMatchDayListArray(idNumber);
}
}
测试提供：
package com.example.demo.controller;
import com.example.demo.entity.MatchDay;
import com.example.demo.model.MatchDayModel;
import net.sf.json.JSONArray;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
/**
* Created by ningcs on 2017/7/26.
*
*/
@RestController
@RequestMapping("apply")
public class HttpProvider {
/**
*
* list 放在对象里面
*
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "/getMatchApplyDay", method = {RequestMethod.GET,RequestMethod.POST})
public JSONObject getMatchApplyDay() {
JSONObject jsonObject =new JSONObject();
MatchDay matchDay =new MatchDay();
matchDay.setDayInfo("2016");
matchDay.setDayInfoDetail("2016-09");
matchDay.setStatus(1);
matchDay.setId(1);
return jsonObject.fromObject(matchDay);
}
/**
*
* list 放在对象里面
*
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "/getMatchApplyDayListJson", method = {RequestMethod.GET,RequestMethod.POST})
public JSONObject getMatchApplyDayListJson() {
JSONObject jsonObject =new JSONObject();
MatchDayModel matchDayModel =new MatchDayModel();
List<MatchDay> matchDays =new ArrayList<>();
MatchDay matchDay =new MatchDay();
matchDay.setDayInfo("2016");
matchDay.setDayInfoDetail("2016-09");
matchDay.setStatus(1);
matchDay.setId(1);
matchDays.add(matchDay);
matchDayModel.setMatchDays(matchDays);
return jsonObject.fromObject(matchDayModel);
}
/**
*
* 用JsonArray返回
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "/getMatchApplyDayListJsonArray", method = {RequestMethod.GET,RequestMethod.POST})
public JSONArray getMatchApplyDayListJsonArray() {
JSONArray jsonArray =new JSONArray();
List<MatchDay> matchDays =new ArrayList<>();
MatchDay matchDay =new MatchDay();
matchDay.setDayInfo("2016");
matchDay.setDayInfoDetail("2016-09");
matchDay.setStatus(1);
matchDay.setId(1);
matchDays.add(matchDay);
return jsonArray.fromObject(matchDays);
}
}
配置文件：
get_user_ip=http://localhost:7073/ server.port=7073
详细运行结果：
hithub地址：
https://github.com/ningcs/SpringBootHttpClient
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