sockets(套接字)编程有三种,流式套接字(SOCK_STREAM),数据报套接字(SOCK_DGRAM),原始套接字(SOCK_RAW);基于TCP的socket编程是采用的流式套接字。
服务器端编程的步骤:
1:加载套接字库,创建套接字(WSAStartup()/socket());
2:绑定套接字到一个IP地址和一个端口上(bind());
3:将套接字设置为监听模式等待连接请求(listen());
4:请求到来后,接受连接请求,返回一个新的对应于此次连接的套接字(accept());
5:用返回的套接字和客户端进行通信(send()/recv());
6:返回,等待另一连接请求;
7:关闭套接字,关闭加载的套接字库(closesocket()/WSACleanup())。
客户端编程的步骤:
1:加载套接字库,创建套接字(WSAStartup()/socket());
2:向服务器发出连接请求(connect());
3:和服务器端进行通信(send()/recv());
4:关闭套接字,关闭加载的套接字库(closesocket()/WSACleanup())。
第一式: 加载/释放Winsock库:
1.加载方法:
WSADATA wsa;
/*初始化socket资源*/
if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(1,1),&wsa) != 0)
{
return; //代表失败
}
2.释放方法:
WSACleanup();
第二式: 构造SOCKET:
1.服务端:构造监听SOCKET,流式SOCKET.
SOCKET Listen_Sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)
2.客户端:构造通讯SOCKET,流式SOCKET.
SOCKETClient_Sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)
第三式:配置监听地址和端口:
1.服务端: SOCKADDR_IN serverAddr
ZeroMemory((char *)&serverAddr,sizeof(serverAddr));
serverAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
serverAddr.sin_port = htons(1234); /*本地监听端口:1234*/
serverAddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); /*有IP*/
第四式: 绑定SOCKET:
1.服务端:绑定监听SOCKET.
bind(Listen_Sock,(struct sockaddr *)&serverAddr,sizeof(serverAddr))
第五式: 服务端/客户端连接:
1.服务端:等待客户端接入.
SOCKET Command_Sock = accept(Listen_Sock, ...)
2.客户端:请求与服务端连接.
int ret = connect(Client_Sock, ...)
第六式: 收/发数据:
1.服务端:等待客户端接入.char buf[1024].
接收数据:recv(Command_Sock,buf, ...)
或
发送数据:send(Command_Sock,buf, ...)
2.客户端:请求与服务端连接.char buf[1024].
发送数据:send(Client_Sock,buf, ...)
或
接收数据:recv(Client_Sock,buf, ...)
第七式: 关闭SOCKET:
1.服务端:关闭SOCKET.
closesocket(Listen_Sock)
closesocket(Command_Sock)
2.客户端:关闭SOCKET.
closesocket(Client_Sock)
#include <stdio.h>
#include <Winsock2.h>
void main()
{
WORD wVersionRequested;
WSADATA wsaData;
int err;
wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD( 1, 1 );
err = WSAStartup( wVersionRequested, &wsaData );
if ( err != 0 ) {
return ;
}
if ( LOBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 1 ||
HIBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 1 ) {
WSACleanup( );
return ;
}
SOCKET sockSrv=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);
SOCKADDR_IN addrSrv;
addrSrv.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr=htonl(INADDR_ANY);
addrSrv.sin_family=AF_INET;
addrSrv.sin_port=htons(6000);
bind(sockSrv,(SOCKADDR*)&addrSrv, sizeof (SOCKADDR));
listen(sockSrv,5);
SOCKADDR_IN addrClient;
int len= sizeof (SOCKADDR);
while (1)
{
SOCKET sockConn=accept(sockSrv,(SOCKADDR*)&addrClient,&len);
char sendBuf[50];
sprintf (sendBuf, "Welcome %s to here!" ,inet_ntoa(addrClient.sin_addr));
send(sockConn,sendBuf, strlen (sendBuf)+1,0);
char recvBuf[50];
recv(sockConn,recvBuf,50,0);
printf ( "%s\n" ,recvBuf);
closesocket(sockConn);
}
}
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#include < Winsock2.h >
void main()
{
WORD wVersionRequested;
WSADATA wsaData;
int err;
wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD( 1 , 1 );
err = WSAStartup( wVersionRequested, & wsaData );
if ( err != 0 ) {
return ;
}
if ( LOBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 1 ||
HIBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 1 ) {
WSACleanup( );
return ;
}
SOCKET sockClient = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM, 0 );
SOCKADDR_IN addrSrv;
addrSrv.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr( " 127.0.0.1 " );
addrSrv.sin_family = AF_INET;
addrSrv.sin_port = htons( 6000 );
connect(sockClient,(SOCKADDR * ) & addrSrv, sizeof (SOCKADDR));
send(sockClient, " hello " ,strlen( " hello " ) + 1 , 0 );
char recvBuf[ 50 ];
recv(sockClient,recvBuf, 50 , 0 );
printf( " %s\n " ,recvBuf);
closesocket(sockClient);
WSACleanup();
}
转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/rosehacker/1264635