shell linux 时间函数,Shell使用Epoch进行日期时间转换和计算的几个小函数

核心代码

当你遇到一个date命令不给力的系统时，可以试试这几个小函数。

#日期转天数

function date2days {

echo "$*" | awk '{

z=int((14-$2)/12); y=$1+4800-z; m=$2+12*z-3;

j=int((153*m+2)/5)+$3+y*365+int(y/4)-int(y/100)+int(y/400)-2472633;

print j

}'

}

date2days `echo "2010-08-18 18:59:19" | sed 's/-/ /g;s/:/ /g'`

#天数转日期

function days2date {

echo "$1" | awk '{

a=$1+2472632; b=int((4*a+3)/146097); c=int((-b*146097)/4)+a;

d=int((4*c+3)/1461); e=int((-1461*d)/4)+c; m=int((5*e+2)/153);

dd=-int((153*m+2)/5)+e+1; mm=int(-m/10)*12+m+3; yy=b*100+d-4800+int(m/10);

printf ("%4d-%02d-%02d\n",yy,mm,dd)

}'

}

days2date 14839

#日期转分钟

function date2minutes {

echo "$*" | awk '{

z=int((14-$2)/12); y=$1+4800-z; m=$2+12*z-3;

j=int((153*m+2)/5)+$3+y*365+int(y/4)-int(y/100)+int(y/400)-2472633;

j=j*1440+$4*60+$5

print j

}'

}

date2minutes `echo "2010-08-18 18:59:19" | sed 's/-/ /g;s/:/ /g'`

#分钟转日期

function minutes2date {

echo "$1" | awk '{

i=$1; nn=i%60; i=int(i/60); hh=i%24; dd=int(i/24); i=int(i/24);

a=i+2472632; b=int((4*a+3)/146097); c=int((-b*146097)/4)+a;

d=int((4*c+3)/1461); e=int((-1461*d)/4)+c; m=int((5*e+2)/153);

dd=-int((153*m+2)/5)+e+1; mm=int(-m/10)*12+m+3; yy=b*100+d-4800+int(m/10);

printf ("%4d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d\n",yy,mm,dd,hh,nn)

}'

}

minutes2date 21369299

#日期转秒数

function date2seconds {

echo "$*" | awk '{

z=int((14-$2)/12); y=$1+4800-z; m=$2+12*z-3;

j=int((153*m+2)/5)+$3+y*365+int(y/4)-int(y/100)+int(y/400)-2472633;

j=j*86400+$4*3600+$5*60+$6

print j

}'

}

date2seconds `echo "2010-08-18 18:59:19" | sed 's/-/ /g;s/:/ /g'`

#秒数转日期

function seconds2date {

echo "$1" | awk '{

i=$1; ss=i%60; i=int(i/60); nn=i%60; i=int(i/60); hh=i%24; dd=int(i/24); i=int(i/24);

a=i+2472632; b=int((4*a+3)/146097); c=int((-b*146097)/4)+a;

d=int((4*c+3)/1461); e=int((-1461*d)/4)+c; m=int((5*e+2)/153);

dd=-int((153*m+2)/5)+e+1; mm=int(-m/10)*12+m+3; yy=b*100+d-4800+int(m/10);

printf ("%4d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d:%02d\n",yy,mm,dd,hh,nn,ss)

}'

}

seconds2date 1282157959

#日期转毫秒

function date2milliseconds {

echo "$*" | awk '{

z=int((14-$2)/12); y=$1+4800-z; m=$2+12*z-3;

j=int((153*m+2)/5)+$3+y*365+int(y/4)-int(y/100)+int(y/400)-2472633;

j=j*86400+$4*3600+$5*60+$6

printf ("%d%s\n",j,$7)

}'

}

date2milliseconds `echo "2010-08-18 18:59:19.073" | sed 's/-/ /g;s/:/ /g;s/\./ /g'`

#毫秒转日期

function milliseconds2date {

echo "$1" | awk '{

i=$1; ms=i%1000; i=int(i/1000); ss=i%60; i=int(i/60); nn=i%60; i=int(i/60); hh=i%24; dd=int(i/24); i=int(i/24);

a=i+2472632; b=int((4*a+3)/146097); c=int((-b*146097)/4)+a;

d=int((4*c+3)/1461); e=int((-1461*d)/4)+c; m=int((5*e+2)/153);

dd=-int((153*m+2)/5)+e+1; mm=int(-m/10)*12+m+3; yy=b*100+d-4800+int(m/10);

printf ("%4d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d:%02d.%03d\n",yy,mm,dd,hh,nn,ss,ms)

}'

}

milliseconds2date 1282157959073

应用实例：

计算今天的N天之后的日期

#!/bin/bash

function date2days {

echo "$1 $2 $3" | awk '{

z=int((14-$2)/12); y=$1+4800-z; m=$2+12*z-3;

j=int((153*m+2)/5)+$3+y*365+int(y/4)-int(y/100)+int(y/400)-2472633;

print j

}'

}

function days2date {

echo "$1" | awk '{

a=$1+2472632; b=int((4*a+3)/146097); c=int((-b*146097)/4)+a;

d=int((4*c+3)/1461); e=int((-1461*d)/4)+c; m=int((5*e+2)/153);

dd=-int((153*m+2)/5)+e+1; mm=int(-m/10)*12+m+3; yy=b*100+d-4800+int(m/10);

printf ("%4d%02d%02d\n",yy,mm,dd)

}'

}

year=`date +%Y`; month=`date +%m`; day=`date +%d`

days=`date2days $year $month $day`

N=5

let days-=$N

days2date $days

计算某天的N天之后的日期

#!/bin/bash

function date2days {

echo "$1 $2 $3" | awk '{

z=int((14-$2)/12); y=$1+4800-z; m=$2+12*z-3;

j=int((153*m+2)/5)+$3+y*365+int(y/4)-int(y/100)+int(y/400)-2472633;

print j

}'

}

function days2date {

echo "$1" | awk '{

a=$1+2472632; b=int((4*a+3)/146097); c=int((-b*146097)/4)+a;

d=int((4*c+3)/1461); e=int((-1461*d)/4)+c; m=int((5*e+2)/153);

dd=-int((153*m+2)/5)+e+1; mm=int(-m/10)*12+m+3; yy=b*100+d-4800+int(m/10);

printf ("%4d%02d%02d\n",yy,mm,dd)

}'

}

year=2010; month=01; day=20

days=`date2days $year $month $day`

let days+=5

days2date $days

计算上一个星期的全部日期

#!/bin/bash

function date2days {

echo "$1 $2 $3" | awk '{

z=int((14-$2)/12); y=$1+4800-z; m=$2+12*z-3;

j=int((153*m+2)/5)+$3+y*365+int(y/4)-int(y/100)+int(y/400)-2472633;

print j

}'

}

function days2date {

echo "$1" | awk '{

a=$1+2472632; b=int((4*a+3)/146097); c=int((-b*146097)/4)+a;

d=int((4*c+3)/1461); e=int((-1461*d)/4)+c; m=int((5*e+2)/153);

dd=-int((153*m+2)/5)+e+1; mm=int(-m/10)*12+m+3; yy=b*100+d-4800+int(m/10);

printf ("%4d%02d%02d\n",yy,mm,dd)

}'

}

function date2week {

echo "$1 $2 $3" | awk '{

z=int((14-$2)/12); y=$1+4800-z; m=$2+12*z-3;

dow=(int((153*m+2)/5)+$3+y*365+int(y/4)-int(y/100)+int(y/400)-2472629)%7;

print dow

}'

}

year=`date +%Y`; month=`date +%m`; day=`date +%d`

days=`date2days $year $month $day`

week=`date2week $year $month $day`

let dateEnd=$days-$week-1

let dateBegin=$dateEnd-6

for ((i=$dateBegin;i<=$dateEnd;i++)); do

days2date $i

done

日期时间转换成毫秒

function date2milliseconds {

echo "$*" | awk '{

z=int((14-$2)/12); y=$1+4800-z; m=$2+12*z-3;

j=int((153*m+2)/5)+$3+y*365+int(y/4)-int(y/100)+int(y/400)-2472633;

j=j*86400+$4*3600+$5*60+$6

print j$7

}'

}

date2milliseconds `echo "2010-08-18 18:59:19.073" | /usr/xpg4/bin/awk -F'[:.-]+' '$1=$1'`

日期时间转换成秒

function date2seconds {

echo "$*" | awk '{

z=int((14-$2)/12); y=$1+4800-z; m=$2+12*z-3;

j=int((153*m+2)/5)+$3+y*365+int(y/4)-int(y/100)+int(y/400)-2472633;

j=j*86400+$4*3600+$5*60+$6

print j

}'

}

date2seconds `echo "2010-07-21 00:00:00" | sed 's/-/ /g;s/:/ /g'`

判断一个数字是否为合法日期

function date2days {

echo "$*" | awk '{

z=int((14-$2)/12); y=$1+4800-z; m=$2+12*z-3;

j=int((153*m+2)/5)+$3+y*365+int(y/4)-int(y/100)+int(y/400)-2472633;

print j

}'

}

function days2date {

echo "$1" | awk '{

a=$1+2472632; b=int((4*a+3)/146097); c=int((-b*146097)/4)+a;

d=int((4*c+3)/1461); e=int((-1461*d)/4)+c; m=int((5*e+2)/153);

dd=-int((153*m+2)/5)+e+1; mm=int(-m/10)*12+m+3; yy=b*100+d-4800+int(m/10);

printf ("%4d%02d%02d\n",yy,mm,dd)

}'

}

num1=20105050

num2=20101001

arg1=`echo "$num1" | sed -r 's/(....)(..)(..)/\1 \2 \3/g'`

arg2=`echo "$num2" | sed -r 's/(....)(..)(..)/\1 \2 \3/g'`

days1=`date2days $arg1`

date1=`days2date $days1`

days2=`date2days $arg2`

date2=`days2date $days2`

[ "$num1" -eq "$date1" ] && echo "$num1 is valid date" || echo "$num1 is invalid date"

[ "$num2" -eq "$date2" ] && echo "$num2 is valid date" || echo "$num2 is invalid date"

计算10分钟之前的时间

function date2minutes {

echo "$*" | awk '{

z=int((14-$2)/12); y=$1+4800-z; m=$2+12*z-3;

j=int((153*m+2)/5)+$3+y*365+int(y/4)-int(y/100)+int(y/400)-2472633;

j=j*1440+$4*60+$5

print j

}'

}

function minutes2date {

echo "$1" | awk '{

i=$1; nn=i%60; i=int(i/60); hh=i%24; dd=int(i/24); i=int(i/24);

a=i+2472632; b=int((4*a+3)/146097); c=int((-b*146097)/4)+a;

d=int((4*c+3)/1461); e=int((-1461*d)/4)+c; m=int((5*e+2)/153);

dd=-int((153*m+2)/5)+e+1; mm=int(-m/10)*12+m+3; yy=b*100+d-4800+int(m/10);

printf ("%4d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d\n",yy,mm,dd,hh,nn)

}'

}

now=`date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M" | sed 's/-/ /g;s/:/ /g'`

minutes=`date2minutes $now`

let minutes-=10

minutes2date $minutes

计算指定日期和当前系统日期之家相差多少天

#!/bin/bash

function date2days {

echo "$*" | awk '{

z=int((14-$2)/12); y=$1+4800-z; m=$2+12*z-3;

j=int((153*m+2)/5)+$3+y*365+int(y/4)-int(y/100)+int(y/400)-2472633;

print j

}'

}

echo "Enter your date:"

read input

InpuDays=$(date2days ${input:0:4} ${input:4:2} ${input:6:2})

SysDays=$(date2days `date +"%Y %m %d"`)

let result=$InpuDays-$SysDays

echo $result

#./test.sh

Enter your date:

20110605

25

上个星期周一的日期

#!/bin/bash

function date2days {

echo "$1 $2 $3" | awk '{

z=int((14-$2)/12); y=$1+4800-z; m=$2+12*z-3;

j=int((153*m+2)/5)+$3+y*365+int(y/4)-int(y/100)+int(y/400)-2472633;

print j

}'

}

function days2date {

echo "$1" | awk '{

a=$1+2472632; b=int((4*a+3)/146097); c=int((-b*146097)/4)+a;

d=int((4*c+3)/1461); e=int((-1461*d)/4)+c; m=int((5*e+2)/153);

dd=-int((153*m+2)/5)+e+1; mm=int(-m/10)*12+m+3; yy=b*100+d-4800+int(m/10);

printf ("%4d%02d%02d\n",yy,mm,dd)

}'

}

function date2week {

echo "$1 $2 $3" | awk '{

z=int((14-$2)/12); y=$1+4800-z; m=$2+12*z-3;

dow=(int((153*m+2)/5)+$3+y*365+int(y/4)-int(y/100)+int(y/400)-2472629)%7;

print dow

}'

}

year=`date +%Y`; month=`date +%m`; day=`date +%d`

days=`date2days $year $month $day`

week=`date2week $year $month $day`

let date=$days-$week-7

days2date $date