android开发如何自定义view,Android-6步教你自定义View

如果你打算完全定制一个View，那么你需要实现View类(所有的Android View都实现于这个类)，并且实现确定尺寸的onMeasure(…))方法和确认绘图的onDraw(…))方法。

自定义View一共分为6步

第一步

public class SmileyView extends View {

private Paint mCirclePaint;

private Paint mEyeAndMouthPaint;

private float mCenterX;

private float mCenterY;

private float mRadius;

private RectF mArcBounds = new RectF();

public SmileyView(Context context) {

this(context, null);

}

public SmileyView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {

this(context, attrs, 0);

}

public SmileyView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {

super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);

initPaints();

}

private void initPaints() {/* ... */}

@Override

protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {/* ... */}

@Override

protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {/* ... */}

}

2.实现画笔paint类

本文一共两只画笔

private void initPaints() {

mCirclePaint = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG);

mCirclePaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);

mCirclePaint.setColor(Color.YELLOW);

mEyeAndMouthPaint = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG);

mEyeAndMouthPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);

mEyeAndMouthPaint.setStrokeWidth(16 * getResources().getDisplayMetrics().density);

mEyeAndMouthPaint.setStrokeCap(Paint.Cap.ROUND);

mEyeAndMouthPaint.setColor(Color.BLACK);

}

3.覆写onMeasure(…)方法

实现这个方法告诉了母容器如何放弃自定义View，可以通过提供的measureSpecs来决定你的View的高和宽，以下是一个正方形，确认它的宽和高是一样的。

@Override

protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {

int w = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec);

int h = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec);

int size = Math.min(w, h);

setMeasuredDimension(size, size);

}

注意：

这个方法需要至少保证一个setMeasuredDimension(..)调用，否则会报IllegalStateException错误。

4.实现onSizeChanged(…)方法

这个方法是你获取View现在的宽和高. 这里我们计算的是中心和半径。

@Override

protected void onSizeChanged(int w, int h, int oldw, int oldh) {

mCenterX = w / 2f;

mCenterY = h / 2f;

mRadius = Math.min(w, h) / 2f;

}

5.实现onDraw(…)方法

这个方法提供了如何绘制view，它提供的Canvas类可以进行绘制。

@Override

protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {

// draw face

canvas.drawCircle(mCenterX, mCenterY, mRadius, mCirclePaint);

// draw eyes

float eyeRadius = mRadius / 5f;

float eyeOffsetX = mRadius / 3f;

float eyeOffsetY = mRadius / 3f;

canvas.drawCircle(mCenterX - eyeOffsetX, mCenterY - eyeOffsetY, eyeRadius, mEyeAndMouthPaint);

canvas.drawCircle(mCenterX + eyeOffsetX, mCenterY - eyeOffsetY, eyeRadius, mEyeAndMouthPaint);

// draw mouth

float mouthInset = mRadius /3f;

mArcBounds.set(mouthInset, mouthInset, mRadius * 2 - mouthInset, mRadius * 2 - mouthInset);

canvas.drawArc(mArcBounds, 45f, 90f, false, mEyeAndMouthPaint);

}

6.添加你的View

xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent">

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent" />

到此就结束了，自定义View没你想的那么难