目的：实现定时自动备份文件夹，并排除某些文件夹，写下日志，并自动清除过期的备份和日志。

主要有3个文件，自动备份和清除脚本文件，需要备份的文件夹列表文件，需要排除的文件夹列表文件，都放在/root/backup文件夹下面，备份的目标文件夹为/home/backup/192.168.0.8，所以要设定排除掉/home/backup这个文件夹，否则不知道会发生什么后果。

自动备份和清除脚本文件backup_tar_gz.sh内容如下：

#author: bill
#date: 2012-03-27
####################################################

DATE=`date +"%Y%m%d%H%M%S"`

ProjectLst=/root/backup/backup_project.lst
ExcludeLst=/root/backup/backup_exclude.lst

if  [ ! -f $ProjectLst ]
then
        echo "$ProjectLst is not exist."
        exit 1
fi

AllDir=/home/backup/192.168.0.8

mkdir $AllDir/$DATE

BakDir=$AllDir/$DATE

LogFile=$AllDir/log/$DATE.log

#备份保留天数

RetainDay=3

##################################################

echo "backup start at $(date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")" > $LogFile

echo "--------------------------------------------------" >> $LogFile

cd $BakDir

PROJECTLIST=`cat $ProjectLst`

#backup projectlist
for Project in $PROJECTLIST

do

        ProjectData=$Project

        DestDir=$BakDir$Project

        #echo $DestDir
        #echo $ProjectData
        mkdir -p ${DestDir%/*}
        tar cvzpPf $DestDir.tar.gz $ProjectData -X $ExcludeLst > /dev/null
        if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
                echo "backup $Project done into $DestDir.tar.gz ">>$LogFile
        else
                echo "backup $Project fail into $DestDir.tar.gz ">>$LogFile
        fi

done
echo "--------------------------------------------------" >> $LogFile
echo "backup end at $(date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")" >> $LogFile
echo " " >> $LogFile
#############################################################

#delete old backup file
echo "delete old backup start at $(date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")" >> $LogFile
echo "--------------------------------------------------" >> $LogFile

ExistBakDir=`ls $AllDir`
for BakDir in $ExistBakDir
do
        DirDate=`echo $BakDir | awk '{print substr($1,1,8)}'`
        #echo $DirDate

        if [ `echo $DirDate | grep '[0-9]\{4\}[0-9]\{2\}[0-9]\{2\}'` ] && [ $DirDate -le $(date --date="$RetainDay days ago" +"%Y%m%d") ]
        then
                rm -rf $AllDir/$BakDir > /dev/null
                echo "[$AllDir/$BakDir],Delete Old File Success!" >> $LogFile
        fi

done
echo "--------------------------------------------------" >> $LogFile
echo "delete old backup end at $(date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")" >> $LogFile
echo " " >> $LogFile

#################################################################

#delete old logfile
echo "delete old log file start at $(date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")" >> $LogFile
echo "--------------------------------------------------" >> $LogFile
cd ${AllDir}/log

ExistLogFile=`ls ${AllDir}/log`

for EachLogFile in $ExistLogFile
do
        FileDate=`echo $EachLogFile | awk '{print substr($1,1,8)}'`
        #echo $FileDate

        if [ `echo $FileDate | grep '[0-9]\{4\}[0-9]\{2\}[0-9]\{2\}'` ] && [ $FileDate -le $(date --date="$RetainDay days ago" +"%Y%m%d") ]
        then
                rm -rf $AllDir/log/$EachLogFile > /dev/null
                echo "[$AllDir/log/$EachLogFile],Delete Old Log File Success!" >> $LogFile
        fi

done
echo "--------------------------------------------------" >> $LogFile
echo "delete old log file end at $(date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")" >> $LogFile
echo " " >> $LogFile
exit 0

需要备份的文件夹列表文件backup_project.lst内容如下：

/bin
/boot
/etc
/home
/lib
/lib64
/opt
/root
/sbin
/usr
/var

需要排除的文件夹列表文件backup_exclude.lst

内容如下：

/home/backup

定时任务设置如下：

0 21 * * * /root/bakcup/backup_tar_gz.sh