wKiom1WVUbjR4U-JAACracjsXRI029.jpg

 

R1#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
R1(config)#no ip domain-lookup
R1(config)#line console 0
R1(config-line)#login
% Login disabled on line 0, until 'password' is set
R1(config-line)#pass
R1(config-line)#password 11223344
R1(config-line)#logging synchronous
R1(config-line)#no exec-timeout
R1(config-line)#exit
R1(config)#int s0/0
R1(config-if)#ip add 12.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no shu
R1(config-if)#int s0/1
R1(config-if)#ip add 13.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no shu
R1(config-if)#int lo 0
R1(config-if)#ip add 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#router eigrp 90
R1(config-router)#net 12.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
R1(config-router)#net 13.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
R1(config-router)#net 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255

 

R2#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
R2(config)#no ip domain-lookup
R2(config)#line console 0
R2(config-line)#login
% Login disabled on line 0, until 'password' is set
R2(config-line)#password 11223344
R2(config-line)#no exec-timeout
R2(config-line)#logging synchronous
R2(config-line)#end
R2#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
R2(config)#int s0/0
R2(config-if)#ip address 12.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shu
R2(config-if)#int lo 0
R2(config-if)#ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#end
R2#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
R2(config)#router eigrp 90
R2(config-router)#network 12.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
R2(config-router)#net 2.2.2.0 0.0.0.255

R3#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
R3(config)#no ip domain-lookup
R3(config)#line console 0
R3(config-line)#login
% Login disabled on line 0, until 'password' is set
R3(config-line)#pass 11223344
R3(config-line)#logging synchronous
R3(config-line)#no exec-timeout
R3(config-line)#exit
R3(config)#int s0/1
R3(config-if)#ip add 13.1.1.3 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#no shu
R3(config-if)#int lo 0
R3(config-if)#ip add 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#exit
R3(config)#router eigrp 90
R3(config-router)#net 13.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
R3(config-router)#net 3.3.3.0 0.0.0.255

查看R1路由表
R1#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

     1.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C       1.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
D       1.0.0.0/8 is a summary, 00:08:26, Null0
D    2.0.0.0/8 [90/2297856] via 12.1.1.2, 00:08:51, Serial0/0
D    3.0.0.0/8 [90/2297856] via 13.1.1.3, 00:06:06, Serial0/1
     12.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C       12.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0
D       12.0.0.0/8 is a summary, 00:08:26, Null0
     13.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C       13.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/1
D       13.0.0.0/8 is a summary, 00:07:02, Null0
R1#show ip route eigrp
     1.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
D       1.0.0.0/8 is a summary, 00:08:37, Null0
D    2.0.0.0/8 [90/2297856] via 12.1.1.2, 00:09:02, Serial0/0
D    3.0.0.0/8 [90/2297856] via 13.1.1.3, 00:06:17, Serial0/1
     12.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
D       12.0.0.0/8 is a summary, 00:08:37, Null0
     13.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
D       13.0.0.0/8 is a summary, 00:07:11, Null0

 

可以看见eigrp自动汇总了直连路由和所学习到的路由。
下面关闭自动汇总后，比较前后两次的路由表。
no auto-summary

R1#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

     1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
     2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D       2.2.2.0 [90/2297856] via 12.1.1.2, 00:01:03, Serial0/0
     3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D       3.3.3.0 [90/2297856] via 13.1.1.3, 00:00:31, Serial0/1
     12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       12.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0
     13.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       13.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0/1

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R1#show ip eigrp neighbors
IP-EIGRP neighbors for process 90
H   Address                 Interface       Hold Uptime   SRTT   RTO  Q  Seq
                                            (sec)         (ms)       Cnt Num
1   13.1.1.3                Se0/1             14 00:12:14  164   984  0  16
0   12.1.1.2                Se0/0             12 00:14:48  181  1086  0  17

这里的H是建立邻居的先后顺序；interface是本地接口；address是邻居的地址；hold是保持时间，默认为hello时间的三倍，超过三倍时间没收到邻居的ACK就认为邻居down了；up-time是建立邻居持续了多久；SRTT是平均往返时间，单位ms。越小，就说明链路更加畅通无阻。RTO是重传超时时间，默认重传16次，否则重建邻居。


R1#show ip eigrp interface
IP-EIGRP interfaces for process 90

                        Xmit Queue   Mean   Pacing Time   Multicast    Pending
Interface        Peers  Un/Reliable  SRTT   Un/Reliable   Flow Timer   Routes
Se0/0              1        0/0       181       0/15         711           0
Se0/1              1        0/0       164       0/15         719           0
Lo0                0        0/0         0       0/1            0           0

该命令可以查看本地哪些接口被宣告出去。便于troubleshoot。
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eigrp影响建立邻居的三个因素是：AS号，password，K值。Hello时间被改，不会影响邻居。
更改hello时间的命令如下：
R1(config)#int s0/0
R1(config-if)#ip hello-interval eigrp 90 10

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
下面探究K值对eigrp metric值的影响。
R2#show ip route eigrp
     1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D       1.1.1.0 [90/2297856] via 12.1.1.1, 00:15:13, Serial0/0
     3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D       3.3.3.0 [90/2809856] via 12.1.1.1, 00:14:06, Serial0/0
     13.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D       13.1.1.0 [90/2681856] via 12.1.1.1, 00:15:13, Serial0/0


R2#show interface s0/0
Serial0/0 is up, line protocol is up
  Hardware is M4T
  Internet address is 12.1.1.2/24
  MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec,
     reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255
（略）


R3#show int lo 0
Loopback0 is up, line protocol is up
  Hardware is Loopback
  Internet address is 3.3.3.3/24
  MTU 1514 bytes, BW 8000000 Kbit, DLY 5000 usec,
（略）
这里看到R2到R3的环回口metric值为2809856 。计算公式为：（10的七次方/1544  +（20000+20000+5000） /10 ）*256 =2809856 。 注意10的七次方/1544的结果不要四舍五入，只取整。带宽的单位为kb/s，延迟单位为usec 。计算链路metric，是路由的入方向。

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更改带宽和延迟的命令：
R3(config)#int s0/1
R3(config-if)#bandwidth ?
  <1-10000000>  Bandwidth in kilobits
  inherit       Specify that bandwidth is inherited
  receive       Specify receive-side bandwidth

R3(config-if)#delay ?
  <1-16777215>  Throughput delay (tens of microseconds)
注意这里的带宽单位依然是kb/s，但是延迟的单位却是10倍的usec 。

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下面更改K值，会发现邻居down了。

R3#show ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "eigrp 90"
  Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
  Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
  Default networks flagged in outgoing updates
  Default networks accepted from incoming updates
  EIGRP metric weight K1=1, K2=0, K3=1, K4=0, K5=0
  EIGRP maximum hopcount 100
  EIGRP maximum metric variance 1
  Redistributing: eigrp 90
  EIGRP NSF-aware route hold timer is 240s
  Automatic network summarization is not in effect
  Maximum path: 4
  Routing for Networks:
    3.3.3.0/24
    13.1.1.0/24
  Routing Information Sources:
    Gateway         Distance      Last Update
    (this router)         90      00:33:18
    13.1.1.1              90      00:22:41
  Distance: internal 90 external 170

这里的K1到K5是默认值。下面更改K值大小。

R3(config)#router eigrp 90
R3(config-router)#metric weight ?
  <0-8>  Type Of Service (Only TOS 0 supported)

R3(config-router)#metric weight 0 ?
  <0-255>  K1

R3(config-router)#metric weight 0 1 1 1 0 0
R3(config-router)#
*Mar  1 00:51:56.411: %DUAL-5-NBRCHANGE: IP-EIGRP(0) 90: Neighbor 13.1.1.1 (Serial0/1) is down: metric changed
R3(config-router)#
*Mar  1 00:51:58.239: %DUAL-5-NBRCHANGE: IP-EIGRP(0) 90: Neighbor 13.1.1.1 (Serial0/1) is down: K-value mismatch
R3(config-router)#
*Mar  1 00:52:02.671: %DUAL-5-NBRCHANGE: IP-EIGRP(0) 90: Neighbor 13.1.1.1 (Serial0/1) is down: K-value mismatch
R3(config-router)#
*Mar  1 00:52:07.131: %DUAL-5-NBRCHANGE: IP-EIGRP(0) 90: Neighbor 13.1.1.1 (Serial0/1) is down: K-value mismatch

 

R3#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

     3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       3.3.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
     13.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       13.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0/1