hibernate是一个开源的对象关系映射框架,它对jdbc进行了轻量级的对象封装,使用它我们可以使用对象编程思想来操作数据库,事实上,在java世界,它已成了ORM框架的代表。下面就一起来学习下hibernate。
一、获取hibernate。从https://www.hibernate.org/网站上可以获取到最新版本的hibernate和相关文档,笔记的例子使用了3.2.5。
二、快速上手。
1、打开myEclipse,新建一个java project,导入hibernate及JDBC相关jar包,就可以配置开发hibernate应用了。注:JDBC包是必需的,且需与数据对应,笔者使用的是mysql5.0数据库。
2、配置hibernte。在src目录下新建一个xml文件,名称为hibernate.cfg.xml(当然,你也可以不叫这个名称,不过在代码中要作相应的修改),拷贝如下内容:
代码
<!
DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd" >
< hibernate-configuration >
< session-factory >
< property name ="hibernate.connection.driver_class" > com.mysql.jdbc.Driver </ property >
< property name ="hibernate.connection.url" > jdbc:mysql:///test </ property >
< property name ="hibernate.connection.username" > root </ property >
< property name ="hibernate.connection.password" > password </ property >
< property name ="hibernate.dialect" > org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect </ property >
< property name ="show_sql" > true </ property >
< property name ="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" > update </ property >
< mapping resource ="com/eja/hibernate/domain/User.hbm.xml" />
</ session-factory >
</ hibernate-configuration >
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd" >
< hibernate-configuration >
< session-factory >
< property name ="hibernate.connection.driver_class" > com.mysql.jdbc.Driver </ property >
< property name ="hibernate.connection.url" > jdbc:mysql:///test </ property >
< property name ="hibernate.connection.username" > root </ property >
< property name ="hibernate.connection.password" > password </ property >
< property name ="hibernate.dialect" > org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect </ property >
< property name ="show_sql" > true </ property >
< property name ="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" > update </ property >
< mapping resource ="com/eja/hibernate/domain/User.hbm.xml" />
</ session-factory >
</ hibernate-configuration >
3、新建一个实体类,User.java.为了方便,只有一个属性,就是name,如:
代码
package
com.eja.hibernate.domain;
import java.util.Date;
public class User {
private int id;
private String name;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId( int id) {
this .id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this .name = name;
}
}
import java.util.Date;
public class User {
private int id;
private String name;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId( int id) {
this .id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this .name = name;
}
}
4、新建好实体类后,配置对应的xml文件。如下:
代码
<?
xml version="1.0"
?>
<! DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd" >
< hibernate-mapping package ="com.eja.hibernate.domain" >
< class name ="User" >
< id name ="id" >
< generator class ="native" />
</ id >
< property name ="name" />
</ class >
</ hibernate-mapping >
<! DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd" >
< hibernate-mapping package ="com.eja.hibernate.domain" >
< class name ="User" >
< id name ="id" >
< generator class ="native" />
</ id >
< property name ="name" />
</ class >
</ hibernate-mapping >
好。配置已经好了。测试一下效果。增加junit,编写如下测试类。
代码
package com.eja.hibernate.Test;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.junit.Test;
import com.eja.hibernate.domain.User;
public class TestUser {
@Test
public void addUser() {
try {
Configuration cfg = new Configuration();
cfg.configure(); //如果配置的不是hibernate.cfg.xml。则需在此方法中引入
SessionFactory sessionFactory = cfg.buildSessionFactory();
Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
User user = new User();
user.setName("name");
session.save(user);
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println(e.toString());
}
}
}
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.junit.Test;
import com.eja.hibernate.domain.User;
public class TestUser {
@Test
public void addUser() {
try {
Configuration cfg = new Configuration();
cfg.configure(); //如果配置的不是hibernate.cfg.xml。则需在此方法中引入
SessionFactory sessionFactory = cfg.buildSessionFactory();
Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
User user = new User();
user.setName("name");
session.save(user);
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println(e.toString());
}
}
}
点击jnuit就可以测试了。