python中的记录指针,如何使用ctypes从Python的结构体中的指针访问数据？

I have the following C struct:

typedef struct {

uint8_t a;

uint8_t b;

uint32_t c;

uint8_t* d;

}

With ctypes, via a callback, I am able to obtain a pointer to such a struct in Python, let's call it ref. I can easily obtain a, b, c this way:

from ctypes import cast, c_uint8, c_uint32, POINTER

a = cast(ref, POINTER(c_uint8)).contents.value

b = cast(ref + 1, POINTER(c_uint8)).contents.value

c = cast(ref + 2, POINTER(c_uint32)).contents.value

but I can't read the bytes from d. I tried the following:

d_pointer = cast(ref + 6, POINTER(POINTER(c_uint8))).contents

first_byte_of_d = d_pointer.contents

print type(first_byte_of_d) # prints

print first_byte_of_d

At this last line I encounter a SIGSEGV when debugging with gdb. So the question is, how should one access the first byte of a pointer from a struct in Python?

解决方案

You are assuming that c directly follows b which is not the case. The compiler will pad a few bytes, 2 on x86, in that structure to align c.

The proper way is to declare one-to-one mapping of your structure in ctypes:

from ctypes import *

class object_t(Structure):

_fields_ = [

('a', c_uint8),

('b', c_uint8),

('c', c_uint32),

('d', POINTER(c_uint8)),

]

No you can obtain the value of any member thought this type.

C example library:

#include

#include

struct object_t {

uint8_t a;

uint8_t b;

uint32_t c;

uint8_t* d;

};

static struct object_t object = {'a', 'b', 12345, NULL};

struct object_t * func1(void)

{

return &object;

}

void func2(void(*callback)(struct object_t *))

{

callback(&object);

}

Using it from Python:

from ctypes import *

class object_t(Structure):

_fields_ = [

('a', c_uint8),

('b', c_uint8),

('c', c_uint32),

('d', POINTER(c_uint8)),

]

callback_t = CFUNCTYPE(None, POINTER(object_t))

lib = CDLL('./file.dll')

func1 = lib.func1

func1.argtypes = None

func1.restype = POINTER(object_t)

func2 = lib.func2

func2.argtypes = [callback_t]

func2.restype = None

ret = func1()

a = ret.contents.a

b = ret.contents.b

c = ret.contents.c

d = ret.contents.d

def mycallback(obj):

a = obj.contents.a

b = obj.contents.b

c = obj.contents.c

d = obj.contents.d

func2(callback_t(mycallback))