题记:由于工作需要管理大量服务器,所以需要配公钥实现免密登录。
ssh批量分发可以一键执行这个操作,但是使用ssh分发服务还需要对各个服务器进行.ssh/id_dsa.pub公钥上传,密码验证。所以需要配合expect实现ssh免密码登陆。
在编写脚本之前,请先安装yum install expect -y
1.编写服务器免交互生成公钥、私钥
[root@web ~]$ vim ssh-keygen.exp #!/usr/bin/expect #set enter "\n" spawn ssh-keygen -t dsa expect { "*(/root/.ssh/id_dsa)" {send "\n\r";exp_continue} "*(empty for no passphrase)" {send "\n\r";exp_continue} "*again" {send "\n\r"} } expect eof
2.编写批量分发公钥到各个服务器,并免密钥认证
[root@web ~]$ vim fenfa_sshkey.sh #!/bin/sh expect ssh-keygen.exp &>/dev/null . /etc/init.d/functions for ip in 132 133 do #expect fenfa_sshkey.exp ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub 192.168.59.$ip >/dev/null 2>&1 expect fenfa_sshkey.exp ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub 192.168.59.$ip &>/dev/null if [ $? -eq 0 ];then action "192.168.59.$ip" /bin/true else action "192.168.59.$ip" /bin/false fi done [root@web ~]$ vim fenfa_sshkey.exp #!/usr/bin/expect if { $argc != 2 } { send_user "usage: expect fenfa_sshkey.exp file host\n" exit } #define var set file [lindex $argv 0] set host [lindex $argv 1] set password "123456" #spawn scp /etc/hosts root@10.0.0.142:/etc/hosts #spawn scp -P52113 $file os_admin@$host:$dir #spawn ssh-copy-id -i $file "-p 52113 os_admin@$host" spawn ssh-copy-id -i $file "-p 22 root@$host" expect { "yes/no" {send "yes\r";exp_continue} "*password" {send "$password\r"} } expect eof